2.初始化连接:
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
import os
basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
# 创建对象的基类:
Base = declarative_base()
2.创建表:
# 创建单表
class Users(Base):
# 表名
__tablename__ = 'users'
# 表的结构:
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
username = Column(String(32))
password = Column(String(16))
初始化数据库:
def __init__(self, username, password):
# 初始化数据库
self.username = username
self.password = password
创建联合唯一索引
# __table_args__(
# UniqueConstraint("列名1","列名2","联合唯一索引名"),
# index("索引名","列名1","列名2"),
# ) #创建联合唯一索引
__table_args__ = (
UniqueConstraint('id', 'username', name='uix_id_name'),
Index('ix_id_name', 'username', 'password'),
)
3.创建映射
# 创建映射
class UserORMHelper(object):
def __init__(self, database_name):
DATABASE_PATH = os.path.join(basedir, database_name)
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'sqlite:///' + DATABASE_PATH
self.engine = create_engine(SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI)
创建表
def create_db(self):
# 创建表
Base.metadata.create_all(self.engine) # 创建表
Session = sessionmaker(bind=self.engine)
self.session = Session()
删除表
def drop_db(self):
# 删除表
Base.metadata.drop_all(self.engine) #删除表
4.接下来就是简单的针对数据库的增删改查操作了,这些操作我是为了方便测试安装自己的做了些修改,后面我会附上测试的代码
插入数据
def addUser(self, users):
# 插入数据
isSucess=False
usrsList=self.query_all_with_user_name_password(users)
if(usrsList and len(usrsList)>0):#用户已经注册
return False
self.session.add(users)
self.session.commit()
isSucess=True
return isSucess
删除数据
def delete(self,users):
# 删除数据
isSucess=False
user1 = self.session.query(Users).filter_by(username=users.username).first()
self.session.delete(user1)
self.session.commit()
isSucess=True
return isSucess
修改
(1)匹配username修改password
def update_user_extra_by_user_name(self, users):
# 匹配并且修改password
isSucess = False
self.session.query(Users).filter(Users.username == users.username).update({"password": users.password}, synchronize_session='evaluate')
self.session.commit()
isSucess=True
return isSucess
(2)匹配password修改username
def update_user_name_by_user_extra(self, users):
# 匹配并且修改name
isSucess = False
self.session.query(Users).filter(Users.password == users.password).update({"username": users.username}, synchronize_session='evaluate')
self.session.commit()
isSucess=True
return isSucess
查询
安password查询所有
def query_all_with_user_extra(self, users):
# 查询相同password数据
userList = self.session.query(Users).filter_by(password=users.password).all()
return userList
安username查询所有,但是只取其一
def query_one(self,users):
# 查询相同name数据,取一个
userList=self.session.query(Users).filter_by(username=users.username).limit(1).all()
self.session.commit()
return userList
安username查询但是只取第一条数据
def query_first_with_user_name(self, users):
# 查询相同name数据,取第一个
userList=self.session.query(Users).filter_by(username=users.username).first()
return userList
安username,password查询所有
def query_all_with_user_name_password(self, users):
# 查询所有相同于name,password数据
userList=self.session.query(Users).filter_by(username=users.username,password=users.password).all()
return userList
安username查询所有
def query_all_with_user_name(self, users):
# 查询所有相同name数据
userList=self.session.query(Users).filter_by(username=users.username).all()
return userList
下面的是数据库的测试代码,写测试我用的是TDD
import unittest
from UserORM import Users,UserORMHelper
TEST_DB = 'test.db'
class UserORMHelperTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
"""Set up a blank temp database before each test"""
self.helper=UserORMHelper("user.db")
self.helper.drop_db()
self.helper.create_db()
def tearDown(self):
"""Destroy blank temp database after each test"""
self.helper.drop_db()
def test_add(self):
# 插入测试
isSuccess=self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess=self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertFalse(isSuccess)
def test_delete(self):
# 删除测试
isSuccess = self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSucess=self.helper.delete(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSucess)
def test_query_all(self):
# 查询所有相同name数据测试
isSuccess=self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess=self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn2"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess=self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn3"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
userList=self.helper.query_all_with_user_name(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
# print userList
self.assertEqual(len(userList),3)
def test_query_none(self):
# 查询相同name数据,取第一个 测试
userList=self.helper.query_first_with_user_name(Users("tom", "tom job"))
self.assertEqual(userList,None)
def test_query_one(self):
# 查询相同name数据,取一个 测试
isSuccess = self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess = self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn2"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess = self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn3"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
userList = self.helper.query_one(Users("tome", "tom jobn4"))
self.assertEqual(len(userList), 1)
def test_revise_extra(self):
isSuccess = self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess=self.helper.update_user_extra_by_user_name(Users("tome", "tomUpdate"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
userList = self.helper.query_all_with_user_name(Users("tome", "tom job"))
self.assertEqual(len(userList), 1)
def test_recise_name(self):
isSuccess = self.helper.addUser(Users("tome", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
isSuccess = self.helper.update_user_name_by_user_extra(Users("tomeUpdate", "tom jobn"))
self.assertTrue(isSuccess)
userList = self.helper.query_all_with_user_name(Users("tomeUpdate", "tom job"))
self.assertEqual(len(userList),1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()