Problem: Turn
"My Testtext TARGETSTRING My Testtext"
into
"My Testtext targetstring My Testtext"
Perl supports the "\L"-operation which can be used in the replacement-string.
The Pattern-Class does not support this operation:
Perl constructs not supported by this class:
[...]
The preprocessing operations \l \u, \L, and \U.
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/10/docs/api/java/util/regex/Pattern.html
解决方案
You can't do this in Java regex. You'd have to manually post-process using String.toUpperCase() and toLowerCase() instead.
Here's an example of how you use regex to find and capitalize words of length at least 3 in a sentence
String text = "no way oh my god it cannot be";
Matcher m = Pattern.compile("\\b\\w{3,}\\b").matcher(text);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int last = 0;
while (m.find()) {
sb.append(text.substring(last, m.start()));
sb.append(m.group(0).toUpperCase());
last = m.end();
}
sb.append(text.substring(last));
System.out.println(sb.toString());
// prints "no WAY oh my GOD it CANNOT be"
Note on appendReplacement and appendTail
Note that the above solution uses substring and manages a tail index, etc. In fact, you can go without these if you use Matcher.appendReplacement and appendTail.
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
while (m.find()) {
m.appendReplacement(sb, m.group().toUpperCase());
}
m.appendTail(sb);
Note how sb is now a StringBuffer instead of StringBuilder. Until Matcher provides StringBuilder overloads, you're stuck with the slower StringBuffer if you want to use these methods.
It's up to you whether the trade-off in less efficiency for higher readability is worth it or not.
See also