介绍约束
ASP.NET MVC和web api 同时支持简单和自定义约束,简单的约束看起来像:
routes.MapRoute("blog", "{year}/{month}/{day}",
new { controller = "blog", action = "index" },
new { year = @"\d{4}", month = @"\d{2}", day = @"\d{2}" });
属性路由约束简单版
只匹配'temp/整数', 并且id>=1,id<=20
[Route("temp/{id:int:max(20):min(1)}]
下面定义了默认支持的约束:
Constraint | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
alpha | Matches uppercase or lowercase Latin alphabet characters (a-z, A-Z) | {x:alpha} |
bool | Matches a Boolean value. | {x:bool} |
datetime | Matches a DateTime value. | {x:datetime} |
decimal | Matches a decimal value. | {x:decimal} |
double | Matches a 64-bit floating-point value. | {x:double} |
float | Matches a 32-bit floating-point value. | {x:float} |
guid | Matches a GUID value. | {x:guid} |
int | Matches a 32-bit integer value. | {x:int} |
length | Matches a string with the specified length or within a specified range of lengths. | {x:length(6)} {x:length(1,20)} |
long | Matches a 64-bit integer value. | {x:long} |
max | Matches an integer with a maximum value. | {x:max(10)} |
maxlength | Matches a string with a maximum length. | {x:maxlength(10)} |
min | Matches an integer with a minimum value. | {x:min(10)} |
minlength | Matches a string with a minimum length. | {x:minlength(10)} |
range | Matches an integer within a range of values. | {x:range(10,50)} |
regex | Matches a regular expression. | {x:regex(^\d{3}-\d{3}-\d{4}$)} |
自定义路由约束
约束实现
public class LocaleRouteConstraint : IRouteConstraint
{
public string Locale { get; private set; }
public LocaleRouteConstraint(string locale)
{
Locale = locale;
}
public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName, RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection)
{
object value;
if (values.TryGetValue("locale", out value) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value as string))
{
string locale = value as string;
if (isValid(locale))
{
return string.Equals(Locale, locale, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
}
}
return false;
}
private bool isValid(string locale)
{
string[] validOptions = "EN-US|EN-GB|FR-FR".Split('|') ;
return validOptions.Contains(locale.ToUpper());
}
}
增加自定义路由属性
public class LocaleRouteAttribute : RouteFactoryAttribute
{
public LocaleRouteAttribute(string template, string locale)
: base(template)
{
Locale = locale;
}
public string Locale
{
get;
private set;
}
public override RouteValueDictionary Constraints
{
get
{
var constraints = new RouteValueDictionary();
constraints.Add("locale", new LocaleRouteConstraint(Locale));
return constraints;
}
}
public override RouteValueDictionary Defaults
{
get
{
var defaults = new RouteValueDictionary();
defaults.Add("locale", "en-us");
return defaults;
}
}
}
MVC Controller 或 Action使用自定义的约束属性
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace StarDotOne.Controllers
{
[LocaleRoute("hello/{locale}/{action=Index}", "EN-GB")]
public class ENGBHomeController : Controller
{
// GET: /hello/en-gb/
public ActionResult Index()
{
return Content("I am the EN-GB controller.");
}
}
}
另一个controller
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace StarDotOne.Controllers
{
[LocaleRoute("hello/{locale}/{action=Index}", "FR-FR")]
public class FRFRHomeController : Controller
{
// GET: /hello/fr-fr/
public ActionResult Index()
{
return Content("Je suis le contrôleur FR-FR.");
}
}
}
'/hello/en-gb' 将会匹配到ENGBHomeController
’/hello/fr-fr'将会匹配到FRFRHomeController
这里还有另外一种方式:https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/webdev/2013/10/17/attribute-routing-in-asp-net-mvc-5/
不用使用 attribute方式:
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
routes.IgnoreRoute(“{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}”);
var constraintsResolver = new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver();
constraintsResolver.ConstraintMap.Add(“locale”, typeof(LocaleRouteConstraint));
routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes(constraintsResolver);
}
controller代码是这样的
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace StarDotOne.Controllers
{
[Route("hello/{locale:locale(FR-FR)}/{action=Index}")]
public class FRFRHomeController : Controller
{
// GET: /hello/fr-fr/
public ActionResult Index()
{
return Content("Je suis le contrôleur FR-FR.");
}
}
}
应用场景可以自己定义。