在 Spring Boot 3.1 中
使用 `
RestTemplate` 和 `
HttpClient 5`，你需要添加以下依赖项到你的 `pom.xml` 文件中：
```xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.
httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>
httpclient</artifactId>
<version>5.0.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
```
然后，你需要创建一个 `
RestTemplate` 的 Bean，
使用 `
HttpClient 5` 作为底层
HTTP 客户端。以下是示例代码：
```java
import org.apache.hc.client5.
http.impl.classic.Closeable
HttpClient;
import org.apache.hc.client5.
http.impl.classic.
HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.hc.client5.
http.impl.classic.
HttpClients;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.impl.io.Pooling
HttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.io.SocketConfig;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.protocol.
HttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.protocol.RequestAddCookies;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.protocol.RequestDefaultHeaders;
import org.apache.hc.core5.
http.protocol.ResponseProcessCookies;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.
http.client.
HttpComponentsClient
HttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.web.client.
RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class
RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean
public
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
// 创建
HttpClient
Closeable
HttpClient httpClient =
HttpClients.custom()
.setDefaultRequestConfig(RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(5000)
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
.build())
.setConnectionManager(new Pooling
HttpClientConnectionManager(
RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
.register("
http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.register("
https", SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.build()))
.setDefaultSocketConfig(SocketConfig.custom()
.setTcpNoDelay(true)
.build())
.addInterceptorFirst((
HttpRequestInterceptor) new RequestDefaultHeaders(
Arrays.asList(new BasicHeader("User-Agent", "MyRestClient")))) // 设置 User-Agent
.addInterceptorFirst(new RequestAddCookies())
.addInterceptorLast(new ResponseProcessCookies())
.build();
// 创建
RestTemplate
HttpComponentsClient
HttpRequestFactory factory = new
HttpComponentsClient
HttpRequestFactory();
factory.set
HttpClient(
httpClient);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new
RestTemplate(factory);
return
restTemplate;
}
}
```
这里我们创建了一个 `
RestTemplate` 的 Bean，
使用 `
HttpClient 5` 作为底层
HTTP 客户端。我们还可以设置一些默认的请求配置和拦截器，例如设置 `User-Agent`、添加 Cookie 等。
现在你可以在你的代码中
使用 `
RestTemplate` 进行
HTTP 请求了：
```java
@Autowired
private
RestTemplate restTemplate;
public void doRequest() {
String url = "
http://example.com/api";
ResponseEntity<String> response =
restTemplate.getForEntity(url, String.class);
String body = response.getBody();
// 处理响应数据
}
```
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