在安装前,最好上 https://hub.docker.com 看一下mysql的版本,我本人一般都最用最新版本。
1. 拉取mysql镜像
docker pull mysql
2. 运行容器
docker run \ -p 3306:3306 \ -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \ -v /home/data/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw \ -v /home/data/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql:rw \ -v /home/data/mysql/config/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf:rw \ -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \ --name mysql8 \ --restart=always \ -d mysql
提前要在提定的位置(我的位置是:/home/data)创建以下文件夹或文件:
- mysql/data 是数据库文件存放的地方。必须要挂载到容器外,否则容器重启一切数据消失。
- mysql/log 是数据库主生的log。建议挂载到容器外。
- mysql/config/my.cnf 是数据库的配置文件,在下面会放出来。
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro 是让容器的时钟与宿主机时钟同步,避免时区的问题,ro是read only的意思,就是只读。
3. 配置文件 (这个文件是我进容器里面抄出来的,因为内需要改动一点点)
default_authentication_plugin= mysql_native_password (这个是因应mysql8的安全机制升级而需要修改的配置,不配置的话将无法登录管理)
# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA # # The MySQL Server configuration file. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql secure-file-priv= NULL # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Custom config should go here !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ default_authentication_plugin= mysql_native_password
如果你没有配置好就启动容器,容器初始化完成后,第3点的配置是不会生效的。你需要进入容器进行以下操作:
其间按提示会要求你输入root用户的password,就是上面我们设置的参数 “MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD”
[root@centos ~]# docker exec -it mysql8 /bin/sh # mysql -uroot -p mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';