=============笔记=============
1.字符函数库头文件<cctype>
isalnum() 字母或数字
isalpha() 字母
iscntr() 控制字符
isdigit() 数字（0-9）
isgraph() 空格之外的打印字符
islower() 小写字母
isprint() 打印字符，包括空格
ispunct() 标点符号
isspace() 标准空白字符，如空格、进纸、回车、水平制表符、垂直制表符
isupper() 大写字母
isxdigit() 十六进制字符
tolower() 如果是大写，转小写
toupper() 如果是小写，转大写
2.如果既可以使用if else if 又可以使用switch，当选项超过3个的时候，应该使用switch，效率会更高。
3.文件输出。如果不填绝对路径，生成的文件是在程序的目录下的。因为现在在用MacBook，找了半天才找到。真是日了狗了了。
char automobile[50];
int year;
double a_price;
double d_price;
ofstream of;//声明一个输出的对象
of.open("/Users/feiyin001/Documents/myTest.txt");//打开文件
cout << "Enter the make and model of automobile: ";
cin.getline(automobile, 50);
cout << "Enter the model year: ";
cin >> year;
cout << "Enter the original asking price: ";
cin >> a_price;
d_price = 0.913 * a_price;
//控制台输出
cout << fixed;
cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios_base::showpoint);
cout << "Make and model: " << automobile <<endl;
cout << "Year: " << year <<endl;
cout << "Was asking $ " << a_price << endl;
cout << "Now asking $ " << d_price << endl;
//文件输出
of << fixed;
of.precision(2);
of.setf(ios_base::showpoint);
of << "Make and model: " << automobile <<endl;
of << "Year: " << year <<endl;
of << "Was asking $ " << a_price << endl;
of << "Now asking $ " << d_price << endl;
of.close();
myTest.txt
Make and model: fdsa
Year: 0
Was asking $ 0.00
Now asking $ 0.00
4.读取文件。基本没怎么做过读写文本的事情。还是得亲自打一下代码。
myTest.txt
12331 3123
2312
3 123 12
321
3
123
3123
ifstream ifile;
string filename = "/Users/feiyin001/Documents/myTest2.txt";
ifile.open(filename);
if(!ifile.is_open())
{
cout << "Could not open the file " << filename << endl;
cout << "Program terminating." <<endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
double value = 0;
double sum = 0;
int count = 0;
ifile >> value;
while (ifile.good()) {
++count;
sum += value;
ifile >> value;
}
//读取停止，检测一下原因
if (ifile.eof())
cout << "End of file reached.\n";
else if (ifile.fail())
cout << "Input terminated by data mismatch.\n";
else
cout << "Input terminated for unknown reason.\n";
if (count == 0)
{
cout << "No data processed.\n";
}
else
{
cout << "Item read: " << count << endl;
cout << "Sum: " << sum << endl;
cout << "Average: " << sum / count << endl;
}
ifile.close();
控制台
End of file reached.
Item read: 9
Sum: 18351
Average: 2039
============答案================
6.10 复习题1.第二个判断少一点，如果第一个if成立，esle后面的if就不用判断了。
2.
6.2代码
char ch;
std::cout<< "type, and I shall repeat. \n";
cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '.') {
if (ch == '\n') {
cout << ch;
}
else
{
cout <<++ch;
}
std::cin.get(ch);
}
cout<< "\nPlease excuse the slight confusion.\n";type, and I shall repeat.
welcome to fable game.
xfmdpnf!up!gbcmf!hbnf
Please excuse the slight confusion.
++ch对每个输入的字符都+了1，变成下一个字符。
如果改成ch + 1，因为要类型转换，就变成整形了，输出的是数字。
修改：
char ch;
std::cout<< "type, and I shall repeat. \n";
cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '.') {
if (ch == '\n') {
cout << ch;
}
else
{
cout <<ch + 1;
}
std::cin.get(ch);
}
cout<< "\nPlease excuse the slight confusion.\n";type, and I shall repeat.
welcom to fable game。
120102109100112110331171123310398991091023310498110102
Please excuse the slight confusion.
3.
char ch;
int ct1 = 0, ct2 = 0;
while ((ch = cin.get()) != '$') {
cout << ch;
ct1++;
if (ch = '$') {
ct2++;
}
cout << ch;
}
cout << "ct1 = " << ct1 << " , ct2 = " << ct2 << "\n";Hi!
H$i$!$
$Send $10 or $20 now!
S$e$n$d$ $ct1 = 9 , ct2 = 9
a. weight >= 115 && weight < 125
b. 'q' == ch || 'Q' == ch
c. x % 2 == 0 && x != 26
d. x % 2 == 0 && x % 26 != 0
e. (donation >= 1000 && donation <= 2000) || 1 == guest
f. (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')6. x < 0? -x:x
7.
switch (ch) {
case 'A':
a_grade++;
break;
case 'B':
b_grade++;
break;
case 'C':
c_grade++;
break;
case 'D':
d_grade++;
break;
default:
f_grade++;
break;
}9.
int line = 0;
char ch;
while ( cin.get() && ch != 'Q') {
if (ch == '\n') {
line++;
}
}6.11 编程练习
1.用惯了stl，不用vector真不知道怎么回文显示。
char ch;
vector<char> cs;
while (cin.get(ch) && ch != '@') {
if (isdigit(ch)) {
continue;
}
if (isupper(ch))
{
cs.push_back(tolower(ch));
}
else if (islower(ch))
{
cs.push_back(toupper(ch));
}
else
{
cs.push_back(ch);
}
}
for (int i = (int)cs.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
cout<< cs[i];
}
cout<<endl;Welcom to Fable Game!
@
!EMAg ELBAf OT MOCLEw
2.
double ch;
vector<double> cs;
cin>>ch;
double total;
while (cin.good())
{
cs.push_back(ch);
total += ch;
cin >> ch;
}
if (cs.empty()) {
cout << "no data";
return;
}
double average = total / cs.size();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < (int)cs.size(); ++i) {
if (cs[i] > average) {
++count;
}
}
cout<< "average: "<< average << " larger count: "<< count << endl;3.
cout<< "Please enter one of the following choices:" <<endl;
cout<< "c) carnivore p) pianist"<<endl;
cout<< "t) tree g) game"<<endl;
char ch;
cin>>ch;
char cs[20];
bool flag = true;
while (flag) {
switch (ch) {
case 'c':
strcpy(cs , "carnivore");
flag = false;
break;
case 'p':
strcpy(cs , "pianist");
flag = false;
break;
case 't':
strcpy(cs , "tree");
flag = false;
break;
case 'g':
strcpy(cs , "game");
flag = false;
break;
default:
flag = true;
cout<<"Please enter a c, p, t, or g: ";
cin >> ch;
break;
}
}
cout<< "A maple is a "<< cs << endl;4.老是用char和[]真是不习惯。。。
const int strsize = 50;
struct bop
{
char fullname[strsize]; // real name
char title[strsize]; // job title
char bopname[strsize]; // secret BOP name
int preference; // 0 = fullname, 1 = title, 2 = bopname
};
void init(bop bops[], int num)
{
char buffer[strsize];
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
sprintf(buffer,"fullname%d",i);
strcpy(bops[i].fullname, buffer);
sprintf(buffer,"title%d",i);
strcpy(bops[i].title, buffer);
sprintf(buffer,"bopname%d",i);
strcpy(bops[i].bopname, buffer);
bops[i].preference = i%3;
}
}
void printInfo(bop bops[], int num, char ch)
{
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
switch (ch) {
case 'a':
cout<< bops[i].fullname<<endl;
break;
case 'b':
cout << bops[i].title <<endl;
break;
case 'c':
cout << bops[i].bopname <<endl;
break;
case 'd':
if ( bops[i].preference == 0)
{
cout<< bops[i].fullname<<endl;
}
else if (bops[i].preference == 1)
{
cout << bops[i].title <<endl;
}
else if (bops[i].preference == 2)
{
cout << bops[i].bopname <<endl;
}
break;
}
}
}
void CTestManager::testCpp()
{
bop bops[5];
init(bops, 5);
cout << "Benevolent Order of Programmers Report"<< endl;
cout << "a. display by name b. display by title"<<endl;
cout << "c. display by bopname d. display by preference"<<endl;
cout << "q. quit"<<endl;
cout << "Enter your choice: ";
char ch;
bool flag = true;
cin >> ch;
while (flag) {
switch (ch) {
case 'a':
case 'b':
case 'c':
case 'd':
printInfo(bops, 5, ch);
cout << "Next choice: ";
cin >> ch;
break;
case 'q':
cout << "Bye!" << endl;
flag = false;
break;
default:
cout << "Enter your choice: a, b, c, d, or q:";
cin >> ch;
break;
}
}
}
5.
int money = 0;
cout << "Please enter tvarps: ";
cin >> money;
while (cin.good() && money > 0) {
int tax = 0;
if (money > 35000) {
tax += (money - 35000) * 0.2;
money = 35000;
}
if (money > 15000) {
tax += (money - 15000) * 0.15
money = 15000;
}
if (money > 5000) {
tax += (money - 5000) * 0.1;
money = 5000;
}
if (money <= 5000) {
tax += money * 0.0;
money = 0;
}
cout << "tax: "<< tax <<endl;
cout << "Please enter tvarps: ";
cin >> money;
}6.
struct SPlayer
{
string name;
double money;
};
int num = 0;
cout << "Please enter player num:";
cin >> num;
SPlayer* players = new SPlayer[num];
int grandCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
cout << "name: ";
cin>> players[i].name;
cout << "money: ";
cin >>players[i].money;
if (players[i].money >= 10000) {
++grandCount;
}
}
cout<<"====Grand Patrons===="<<endl;
if (grandCount > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
if (players[i].money >= 10000) {
cout << players[i].name<<endl;
}
}
}
else{
cout<<"none"<<endl;
}
cout<<"====Patrons===="<<endl;
if (num - grandCount > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
if (players[i].money < 10000) {
cout << players[i].name<<endl;
}
}
}
else{
cout<<"none"<<endl;
}
delete[] players;结果：
Please enter player num:5
name: 01
money: 1231
name: 2
money: 234
name: 3
money: 233333
name: 4
money: 3333
name: 5
money: 99999
====Grand Patrons====
3
5
====Patrons====
01
2
4
char ch[50];
int otherCount = 0;
int vowel = 0;
int consonant = 0;
cout <<"Enter words (q to quit):"<<endl;
cin >> ch;
while (strcmp(ch, "q") != 0) {
if (isalpha( ch[0])) {
if (ch[0] == 'a' || ch[0] == 'A' ||
ch[0] == 'e' || ch[0] == 'E' ||
ch[0] == 'i' || ch[0] == 'I' ||
ch[0] == 'o' || ch[0] == 'O' ||
ch[0] == 'u' || ch[0] == 'U'
)
{
++vowel;
}
else
{
++consonant;
}
}
else{
++otherCount;
}
cin >> ch;
}
cout << vowel << " words beginning with vowels\n";
cout << consonant << " words beginning with consonants\n";
cout << otherCount << " others\n";结果：
Enter words (q to quit):
The 12 awesome oxen ambled
quietly across 15 meters of lawn. q
5 words beginning with vowels
4 words beginning with consonants
2 others
8.
ifstream ifile;
string filename = "/Users/FableGame/Documents/myTest2.txt";
ifile.open(filename);
if(!ifile.is_open())
{
cout << "Could not open the file " << filename << endl;
cout << "Program terminating." <<endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
char ch = 0;
int count = 0;
ifile >> ch;
while (ifile.good()) {
++count;
ifile >> ch;
}
//读取停止，检测一下原因
if (ifile.eof())
cout << "End of file reached.\n";
else if (ifile.fail())
cout << "Input terminated by data mismatch.\n";
else
cout << "Input terminated for unknown reason.\n";
if (count == 0)
{
cout << "No data processed.\n";
}
else
{
cout << "Char read: " << count << endl;
}
ifile.close();9.其实读文件和cin是一样的，忘记字符串和数字交替会有问题，调了一会儿。
struct SPlayer
{
char name[50];
double money;
};
int num = 0;
ifstream ifile;
string filename = "/Users/feiyin001/Documents/myTest2.txt";
ifile.open(filename);
if(!ifile.is_open())
{
cout << "Could not open the file " << filename << endl;
cout << "Program terminating." <<endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
ifile >> num;
ifile.get();
SPlayer* players = new SPlayer[num];
int grandCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
ifile.getline(players[i].name, 50,'\n');
cout << "name: " << players[i].name << endl;
ifile >>players[i].money;
ifile.get();
cout << "money: " << players[i].money<< endl;
if (players[i].money >= 10000) {
++grandCount;
}
}
ifile.close();
cout<<"====Grand Patrons===="<<endl;
if (grandCount > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
if (players[i].money >= 10000) {
cout << players[i].name<<endl;
}
}
}
else{
cout<<"none"<<endl;
}
cout<<"====Patrons===="<<endl;
if (num - grandCount > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
if (players[i].money < 10000) {
cout << players[i].name<<endl;
}
}
}
else{
cout<<"none"<<endl;
}
delete[] players;结果：
name: Sam Stone
money: 2000
name: Freida Flass
money: 100500
name: Tammy Tubbs
money: 5000
name: Rich Raptor
money: 55000
====Grand Patrons====
Freida Flass
Rich Raptor
====Patrons====
Sam Stone
Tammy Tubbs
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