基础知识
log2为底数的算法是:
LOG2(N)
相当于2的多少次方(立方)等于N
例:LOG2(8)=3
相当于,2的3次方等于8
二分法
从排序好的数组,找到你需要找到的值(t=1),算法复杂度:O(log2(n))
步骤:首先确认查找的数组索引范围,
1:假设数据int[] arr = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
2:则搜索范围为 [0,9];即int start =0;int end = 9;
3:取数组索引中间的值跟t比较,int middle = (start + end)/2=4;
4:如果arr[middle]>t;则搜索范围控制在了(0,middle-1],即 end = middle-1;
相反,arr[middle]
5:如果arr[middle]=t,搜索结束,否则就重复3,4。
写法
java
非递归写法
//二分法搜索算法
private Integer binary_search(int[] arr, int t) {
int start = 0, end = arr.length - 1;//扫描范围
while (start<=end){
int mid = (end + start) / 2;//中间数索引位置
if (t< arr[mid]){
end = mid-1;
}
if (t>arr[mid]){
start = mid+1;
}
if (t == arr[mid]){
return mid;
}
}
return null;
}
递归写法
public static int search(int num,int low,int high,int a[]) {
int middle = (high+low) / 2;
while(low<=high){
//注意等号要有
if(a[middle]>num){
return search(num, low, middle-1, a);
}else if(a[middle]
return search(num, middle+1, high, a);
}else{
return middle;
}
}
return-1;
}
js
非递归写法
function binarySearch(arr,key){
var low=0; //数组最小索引值
var high=arr.length-1; //数组最大索引值
while(low<=high){
var mid=Math.floor((low+high)/2);
if(key==arr[mid]){
return mid;
}else if(key>arr[mid]){
low=mid+1;
}else{
high=mid-1;
}
}
return -1; //low>high的情况,这种情况下key的值大于arr中最大的元素值或者key的值小于arr中最小的元素值
}
递归写法
function binarySearch(arr,low,high,key){
if(low>high){return -1;}
var mid=Math.floor((low+high)/2);
if(key==arr[mid]){
return mid;
}else if(key
high=mid-1;
return binarySearch(arr,low,high,key);
}else{
low=mid+1;
return binarySearch(arr,low,high,key);
}
}
站在巨人的肩膀上摘苹果: