linux5.8安装mysql_linux centos5.8 安装redis

Redis 是一个高性能的key-value数据库。 redis的出现，很大程度补偿了memcached这类key/value存储的不足，在部 分场合可以对关系数据库起到很好的补充作用。它提供了Python，Ruby，Erlang，PHP客户端，使用很方便。 一.安装tcl 否则在redis make test时出报

Redis 是一个高性能的key-value数据库。 redis的出现，很大程度补偿了memcached这类key/value存储的不足，在部 分场合可以对关系数据库起到很好的补充作用。它提供了Python，Ruby，Erlang，PHP客户端，使用很方便。

一.安装tcl

否则在redis make test时出报错

You need tcl 8.5 or newer in order to run the Redis test

make[1]: *** [test] Error 1

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tcl8.6.0-src.tar.gz

tar zxvf tcl8.6.0-src.tar.gz

cd tcl8.6.0-src

cd unix &&

./configure --prefix=/usr \

--mandir=/usr/share/man \

$([ $(uname -m) = x86_64 ] && echo --enable-64bit)

make &&

sed -e "s@^\(TCL_SRC_DIR='\).*@\1/usr/include'@" \

-e "/TCL_B/s@='\(-L\)\?.*unix@='\1/usr/lib@" \

-i tclConfig.sh

make test

Tests ended at Tue Apr 16 12:02:27 CST 2013

all.tcl: Total 116 Passed 116 Skipped 0 Failed 0

make install &&

make install-private-headers &&

ln -v -sf tclsh8.6 /usr/bin/tclsh &&

chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libtcl8.6.so

二.redis

1.安装redis

wget http://redis.googlecode.com/files/redis-2.6.12.tar.gz

tar xzf redis-2.6.12.tar.gz

cd redis-2.6.12

make

make test

以下错误可以忽略

https://github.com/antirez/redis/issues/1034

[exception]: Executing test client: assertion:Server started even if RDB was unreadable!.

assertion:Server started even if RDB was unreadable!

while executing

"error "assertion:$msg""

(procedure "fail" line 2)

invoked from within

"fail "Server started even if RDB was unreadable!""

("uplevel" body line 2)

invoked from within

"uplevel 1 $elsescript"

(procedure "wait_for_condition" line 7)

invoked from within

"wait_for_condition 50 100 {

[string match {*Fatal error loading*} [exec tail -n1 < [dict get $srv stdout]]]

} else {

fail "Server..."

("uplevel" body line 2)

invoked from within

"uplevel 1 $code"

(procedure "start_server_and_kill_it" line 5)

invoked from within

"start_server_and_kill_it [list "dir" $server_path] {

wait_for_condition 50 100 {

[string match {*Fatal error loading*} \

[exec..."

(file "tests/integration/rdb.tcl" line 57)

invoked from within

"source $path"

(procedure "execute_tests" line 4)

invoked from within

"execute_tests $data"

(procedure "test_client_main" line 9)

invoked from within

"test_client_main $::test_server_port "

make[1]: *** [test] Error 1

make命令执行完成后，会在当前目录下生成4个可执行文件，分别是redis-server、redis-cli、redis-benchmark、redis-stat，它们的作用如下：

redis-server：Redis服务器的daemon启动程序

redis-cli：Redis命令行操作工具。当然，你也可以用telnet根据其纯文本协议来操作

redis-benchmark：Redis性能测试工具，测试Redis在你的系统及你的配置下的读写性能

redis-stat：Redis状态检测工具，可以检测Redis当前状态参数及延迟状况

2.建立Redis目录

mkdir -p /opt/redis/bin

mkdir -p /opt/redis/etc

mkdir -p /opt/redis/var

cp redis.conf /opt/redis/etc/

cd src

cp redis-server redis-cli redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-check-dump /opt/redis/bin/

useradd redis

chown -R redis.redis /opt/redis

建立Redis目录，只是为了将Redis相关的资源更好的统一管理。你也可以使用

make install

安装在系统默认目录

3.复制启动文件

cp ../utils/redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redis

4.启动redis

cd /opt/redis/bin

./redis-server /opt/redis/etc/redis.conf

_._

_.-``__ ''-._

_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 2.6.12 (00000000/0) 64 bit

.-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._

( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in stand alone mode

|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379

| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 24454

`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'

|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|

| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io

`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'

|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|

| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |

`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'

`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'

`-._ _.-'

`-.__.-'

[24454] 12 Apr 10:34:19.519 # Server started, Redis version 2.6.12

[24454] 12 Apr 10:34:19.519 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.

[24454] 12 Apr 10:34:19.519 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379

成功安装Redis后，直接执行redis-server即可运行Redis，此时它是按照默认配置来运行的(默认配置不是后台运行)。如果我们希望Redis按我们的要求运行，则需要修改配置文件，

5.设置itpables,充许192.168.0内网网段访问

iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/24 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 6379 -j ACCEPT

/etc/init.d/iptables save

6.配置redis

vi /opt/redis/etc/redis.conf

daemonize yes

#是否作为守护进程运行 默认0

pidfile /var/run/redis.pid

# 指定一个pid，默认为/var/run/redis.pid

port 6379

#Redis默认监听端口

bind 192.168.0.41

#绑定主机IP，默认值为127.0.0.1

timeout 300

#客户端闲置多少秒后，断开连接，默认为300(秒)

tcp-keepalive 0

# tcp保持连接

loglevel notice

#日志记录等级，有4个可选值，debug，verbose(默认值)，notice，warning

logfile /opt/redis/var/redis.log

#指定日志输出的文件名，默认值为stdout，也可设为/dev/null屏蔽日志

databases 16

#可用数据库数，默认值为16

save 900 1

#保存数据到disk的策略

#当有一条Keys数据被改变是，900秒刷新到disk一次

save 300 10

#当有10条Keys数据被改变时，300秒刷新到disk一次

save 60 10000

#当有1w条keys数据被改变时，60秒刷新到disk一次

#当dump .rdb数据库的时候是否压缩数据对象

rdbcompression yes

#本地数据库文件名，默认值为dump.rdb

dbfilename dump.rdb

#本地数据库存放路径，默认值为 ./

dir /opt/redis/var/

#内存限制

maxmemory 2G

#刷新策略

maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru

7. 调整系统内核参数

如果内存情况比较紧张的话，需要设定内核参数：

echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory

这里说一下这个配置的含义：/proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory

该文件指定了内核针对内存分配的策略，其值可以是0、1、2。

0，表示内核将检查是否有足够的可用内存供应用进程使用；如果有足够的可用内存，内存申请允许；否则，内存申请失败，并把错误返回给应用进程。

1，表示内核允许分配所有的物理内存，而不管当前的内存状态如何。

2，表示内核允许分配超过所有物理内存和交换空间总和的内存

Redis在dump数据的时候，会fork出一个子进程，理论上child进程所占用的内存和parent是一样的，比如parent占用的内存为8G，这个时候也要同样分配8G的内存给child, 如果内存无法负担，往往会造成redis服务器的down机或者IO负载过高，效率下降。所以这里比较优化的内存分配策略应该设置为 1(表示内核允许分配所有的物理内存，而不管当前的内存状态如何)

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.overcommit_memory = 1

然后应用生效：

sysctl –p

8.修改redis服务脚本

vi /etc/init.d/redis

REDISPORT=6379

EXEC=/opt/redis/bin/redis-server

CLIEXEC=/opt/redis/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis.pid

CONF="/opt/redis/etc/redis.conf"

如果监听非本机IP地址时还需修改下脚本,不然关不掉

#增加监听地址变量

REDIHOST=192.168.0.41

#增加-h $REDIHOST

echo "Stopping ..."

$CLIEXEC -h $REDIHOST -p $REDISPORT shutdown

9.测试

/etc/init.d/redis start

Starting Redis server…

/opt/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.0.41

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> ping

PONG

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> set mykey c1gstduio

OK

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get mykey

“c1gstduio”

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> exit

benchmark

/opt/redis/bin/redis-benchmark -h 192.168.0.41

====== PING_INLINE ======

10000 requests completed in 0.17 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

99.51% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

60240.96 requests per second

====== PING_BULK ======

10000 requests completed in 0.17 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

100.00% <= 0 milliseconds

60240.96 requests per second

====== SET ======

10000 requests completed in 0.16 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

100.00% <= 0 milliseconds

61728.39 requests per second

====== GET ======

10000 requests completed in 0.17 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

99.49% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

60606.06 requests per second

====== INCR ======

10000 requests completed in 0.16 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

96.26% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

64516.13 requests per second

====== LPUSH ======

10000 requests completed in 0.15 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

93.60% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

65789.48 requests per second

====== LPOP ======

10000 requests completed in 0.15 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

93.50% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

66666.66 requests per second

====== SADD ======

10000 requests completed in 0.16 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

96.52% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

61728.39 requests per second

====== SPOP ======

10000 requests completed in 0.17 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

100.00% <= 0 milliseconds

57471.27 requests per second

====== LPUSH (needed to benchmark LRANGE) ======

10000 requests completed in 0.17 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

100.00% <= 0 milliseconds

58139.53 requests per second

====== LRANGE_100 (first 100 elements) ======

10000 requests completed in 0.25 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

99.67% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 1 milliseconds

40322.58 requests per second

====== LRANGE_300 (first 300 elements) ======

10000 requests completed in 0.56 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

0.22% <= 1 milliseconds

98.62% <= 2 milliseconds

99.01% <= 3 milliseconds

99.49% <= 4 milliseconds

100.00% <= 4 milliseconds

17921.15 requests per second

====== LRANGE_500 (first 450 elements) ======

10000 requests completed in 0.96 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

0.07% <= 1 milliseconds

40.25% <= 2 milliseconds

73.76% <= 3 milliseconds

99.51% <= 4 milliseconds

100.00% <= 5 milliseconds

10362.69 requests per second

====== LRANGE_600 (first 600 elements) ======

10000 requests completed in 1.00 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

0.07% <= 1 milliseconds

0.35% <= 2 milliseconds

98.18% <= 3 milliseconds

99.12% <= 4 milliseconds

99.48% <= 5 milliseconds

99.60% <= 6 milliseconds

99.85% <= 7 milliseconds

100.00% <= 8 milliseconds

10010.01 requests per second

====== MSET (10 keys) ======

10000 requests completed in 0.26 seconds

50 parallel clients

3 bytes payload

keep alive: 1

0.34% <= 1 milliseconds

100.00% <= 2 milliseconds

38167.94 requests per second

10. 关闭服务

/opt/redis/bin/redis-cli shutdown

如果端口变化可以指定端口:

/opt/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.0.41 -p 6379 shutdown

11. 保存/备份

数据备份可以通过定期备份该文件实现。

因为redis是异步写入磁盘的，如果要让内存中的数据马上写入硬盘可以执行如下命令：

redis-cli save 或者 redis-cli -p 6379 save(指定端口)

注意，以上部署操作需要具备一定的权限，比如复制和设定内核参数等。

执行redis-benchmark命令时也会将内存数据写入硬盘。

/opt/redis/bin/redis-cli save

OK

查看结果

ll -h var/

total 48K

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40K Apr 12 11:49 dump.rdb

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5.3K Apr 12 11:49 redis.log

12.开机运行

vi /etc/rc.local

/etc/init.d/redis start

三.php扩展

redis扩展非常多,光php就有好几个,这里选用phpredis,Predis需要PHP >= 5.3

Predis ? ★RepositoryJoL1hAHN Mature and supported

phpredis ? ★Repositoryyowgi This is a client written in C as a PHP module.

Rediska ?Repository Homepageshumkov

RedisServerRepositoryOZ Standalone and full-featured class for Redis in PHP

Redisent ?Repositoryjustinpoliey

CredisRepositorycolinmollenhour Lightweight, standalone, unit-tested fork of Redisent which wraps phpredis for best performance if available.

1.安装php扩展phpredis

wget https://nodeload.github.com/nicolasff/phpredis/zip/master --no-check-certificate

cd phpredis-master

unzip master

cd phpredis-master/

/opt/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/opt/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

接下来在php.ini中添加extension=redis.so

vi /opt/php/etc/php.ini

extension_dir = "/opt/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

extension=redis.so

vi test.php

phpinfo();

$redis = new Redis();

$redis->connect("127.0.0.1",6379);

$redis->set("test","Hello World");

echo $redis->get("test");

?>

redis

Redis Supportenabled

Redis Version 2.2.2

四.基于php的web管理工具

phpRedisAdmin

https://github.com/ErikDubbelboer/phpRedisAdmin

演示:http://dubbelboer.com/phpRedisAdmin/?overview

这个用的人很多,但是我装完无法显示

readmin

http://readmin.org/

演示:http://demo.readmin.org/

需要装在根目录

phpredmin

https://github.com/sasanrose/phpredmin#readme

可以显示,有漂良的图表

使用伪rewrite,/index.php/welcome/stats

wget https://nodeload.github.com/sasanrose/phpredmin/zip/master

unzip phpredmin-master.zip

ln -s phpredmin/public predmin

编辑nginx,支持rewrite

nginx.conf

location ~* ^/predmin/index.php/

{

rewrite ^/predmin/index.php/(.*) /predmin/index.php?$1 break;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

crontab -e

* * * * * root cd /var/www/phpredmin/public && php index.php cron/index

配置redis

vi phpreadmin/config

'redis' => Array(

'host' => '192.168.0.30',

'port' => '6379',

'password' => Null,

'database' => 0

访问admin.xxx.com/predmin/就可以显示界面

五.实际使用感觉

redis装完后做discuzx2.5的cache

带宽消耗惊人,大概是memcached的十倍左右

内存占用也多了四分之一左右

discuz连接redis偶尔会超时和出错

最后还是切回了memcached

参考:

http://redis.io/topics/quickstart

http://hi.baidu.com/mucunzhishu/item/ead872ba3cec36db84dd798c

http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/tcl.html