mysql 5.5 双机互备_mysql的主从备份和双机互备实现

2011-11-18 16:44

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双机互备和热备的区别：

互备所指的是backup,保证数据的完整性而做的备份。主要目的是防止数据丢失。

热备是为了保证应用的连续性。利用故障转移的方法实现。

Linux下实现的双机互备：

主从备份：

1、设置同步Master

修改 my.cnf 文件，在

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

添加如下内容：

#log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog

server-id = 1

binlog-do-db=discuz

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

重启MySQL,创建一个MySQL帐号为同步专用

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back';

如果想要在Slave上有权限执行 "LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER" 或 "LOAD DATA FROM MASTER" 语句的话，必须授予全局的 FILE 和 SELECT 权限：

mysql>GRANT FILE,SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO  [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ;

2、设置同步Slave

修改my.cnf文件，添加

server-id = 2

master-host = 192.168.1.123

master-user = back

master-password = back

master-port = 3306

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

replicate-do-db=discuz

重启MySQL

3、启动同步

在主服务器master MySQL命令符下

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

mysql> show master status;

显示(当然这个是我机器的情况，你的不可能跟我一样哈，只是个例子)：

+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000009 | 98 | discuz | mysql |

+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

在从服务器master MySQL命令符下

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

mysql> slave stop;

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.123', master_user='back', master_password='back', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000009', master_log_pos=98;

mysql> slave start;

用show slave status/G;看一下从服务器的同步情况

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

如果都是yes，那代表已经在同步

往表里面写点数据测试一下看是否同步成功，如果不成功，绝对不是你的RP问题，再检查一下操作步骤！

4、设置双向同步

修改slave服务器的my.cnf，添加

log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog

binlog-do-db=discuz

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

重启MySQL,创建一个MySQL帐号为同步专用

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back';

mysql> GRANT FILE,SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO  [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ;

修改master服务器的my.cnf,添加

master-host = 192.168.1.124

master-user = back

master-password = back

master-port = 3306

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

replicate-do-db=discuz

重启MySQL

在主服务器slave MySQL命令符下：

show master status;

+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000013 | 98 | discuz | mysql |

+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

在服务器A MySQL命令符下：

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?mysql> slave stop；

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.124', master_user='back', master_password='back', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000013', master_log_pos=98;

mysql> slave start;

mysql> slave stop；

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.124', master_user='back', master_password='back', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000013', master_log_pos=98;

mysql> slave start;

mysql做互备时要注意mysql 5.5以上版本不能把

master-host = 192.168.1.124

master-user = back

master-password = back

master-port = 3306

写道my.ini文件中。要在执行完 slave stop;后 用 change  master to master_host='主的ip',master_user='用户名',mater_password='密码',master_log_file='日志',master_log_pos='同步点';

然后slave status;