I am using MySQL. My question is how to automatically insert the newly added row into a foreign-key table. An example will clarify my question:
I have two tables Employee and Salary:
CREATE TABLE Employee(
emp_id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name char(30),
PRIMARY KEY (emp_id)
) ENGINE=innoDB;
CREATE TABLE salary {
sal_id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
salary_figure int,
emp_id int,
PRIMARY KEY (sal_id),
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES Employee(emp_id)
}
Here is the join table :
employee_salary_join Table {
int sal_id,
int emp_id
}
The join table above does not have any foreign key relationship.
Now when I insert an employee into employee table
INSERT into Employee values ("john")
After this statement is executed, a row is created in Employee table that has a pk assigned by database engine.
Now when I insert a row for employee John in salary table as below:
INSERT into SALARY values ("30000", ?????)
How do I get the employee ID of just inserted row for John above and put it here in the place of ?????
Finally, I have a join table, where every time a row is added in salary table, I want the corresponding entry in the join table. This could be done by triggers, but I am not totally clear how to set it up because I need references of both emp_id and sal_id for the join table row.
I would also like to know the best practices here when dealing with foreign key inserts. I am using JDBC/mysql driver. I guess that should not affect how we the process the above in sql statements.
解决方案
You get this ID of your auto_increment column for the inserted row with the function LAST_INSERT_ID:
So you can use
INSERT into SALARY (salary_figure, emp_id) values ("30000", LAST_INSERT_ID());
for your second INSERT operation.
If you want to add a row by a trigger into a third table, using the new sal_id and emp_id values, you can do that with an AFTER INSERT trigger on the Salary table using the new value in the column emp_id and the last inserted auto_increment id ... with already mentioned LAST_INSERT_ID() function.
CREATE TRIGGER salary_after_insert AFTER INSERT ON `SALARY`
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO join_table (emp_id, sal_id) VALUES (NEW.emp_id, LAST_INSERT_ID());
END;