一些 API 的报错信息通过 Response 的 body返回。使用 HttpClient 能正常获取到 StatusCode 和 body 中的错误提示。然而使用 RestTemplate ,会直接抛出下面的异常。如果想获取原始的信息并进一步处理会比较麻烦。
org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException: 404 nullat org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(DefaultResponseErrorHandler.java:94)
at org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(DefaultResponseErrorHandler.java:79)
at org.springframework.web.client.ResponseErrorHandler.handleError(ResponseErrorHandler.java:63)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.handleResponse(RestTemplate.java:777)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.doExecute(RestTemplate.java:730)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.execute(RestTemplate.java:704)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.exchange(RestTemplate.java:621)
RestTemplate 异常处理流程
下面看一下原因, RestTemplate 中的 getForObject, getForEntity 和 exchange 等常用方法最终都是调用 doExecute 方法。下面是 doExecute 方法源码
public classRestTemplate extends InterceptingHttpAccessor implements RestOperations {privateResponseErrorHandler errorHandler;
......
@Nullableprotected T doExecute(URI url, @Nullable HttpMethod method, @Nullable RequestCallback requestCallback, @Nullable ResponseExtractorresponseExtractor) throws RestClientException {
Assert.notNull(url,"'url' must not be null");
Assert.notNull(method,"'method' must not be null");
ClientHttpResponse response= null;
String resource;try{
ClientHttpRequest request= this.createRequest(url, method);if (requestCallback != null) {
requestCallback.doWithRequest(request);
}
response=request.execute();//处理 Response
this.handleResponse(url, method, response);if (responseExtractor != null) {
Object var14=responseExtractor.extractData(response);returnvar14;
}
resource= null;
}catch(IOException var12) {
resource= url.toString();
String query =url.getRawQuery();
resource= query != null ? resource.substring(0, resource.indexOf(63)) : resource;throw new ResourceAccessException("I/O error on" + method.name() + "request for \"" + resource + "\":" +var12.getMessage(), var12);
}finally{if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
}returnresource;
}protected voidhandleResponse(URI url, HttpMethod method, ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
ResponseErrorHandler errorHandler= this.getErrorHandler();
boolean hasError=errorHandler.hasError(response);if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {try{this.logger.debug(method.name() + "request for \"" + url + "\" resulted in" + response.getRawStatusCode() + "(" + response.getStatusText() + ")" + (hasError ? "; invoking error handler" : ""));
}catch(IOException var7) {
;
}
}//异常处理
if(hasError) {
errorHandler.handleError(url, method, response);
}
}
}
从下面的代码可以看出,DefaultResponseErrorHandler 捕获并抛出了异常。
public classDefaultResponseErrorHandler implements ResponseErrorHandler {
...protected voidhandleError(ClientHttpResponse response, HttpStatus statusCode) throws IOException {switch(statusCode.series()) {caseCLIENT_ERROR:throw new HttpClientErrorException(statusCode, response.getStatusText(), response.getHeaders(), this.getResponseBody(response), this.getCharset(response));caseSERVER_ERROR:throw new HttpServerErrorException(statusCode, response.getStatusText(), response.getHeaders(), this.getResponseBody(response), this.getCharset(response));default:throw new UnknownHttpStatusCodeException(statusCode.value(), response.getStatusText(), response.getHeaders(), this.getResponseBody(response), this.getCharset(response));
}
}
}
如果想自己捕获异常信息,自己处理异常的话可以通过实现 ResponseErrorHandler 类来实现。其源码如下:
public interfaceResponseErrorHandler {//标示 Response 是否存在任何错误。实现类通常会检查 Response 的 HttpStatus。
boolean hasError(ClientHttpResponse var1) throws IOException;//处理 Response 中的错误, 当 HasError 返回 true 时才调用此方法。
voidhandleError(ClientHttpResponse var1) throws IOException;//handleError 的替代方案,提供访问请求URL和HTTP方法的额外信息。
default voidhandleError(URI url, HttpMethod method, ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {this.handleError(response);
}
}
自定义 RestTemplate 异常处理
如果想像 HttpClient 一样直接从 Response 获取 HttpStatus 和 body 中的报错信息 而不抛出异常,可以通过下面的代码实现:
public classCustomErrorHandler implements ResponseErrorHandler {
@Overridepublicboolean hasError(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {return true;
}
@Overridepublic voidhandleError(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
}
}
设置 RestTemplate 的异常处理类
restTemplate.setErrorHandler(newCustomErrorHandler());
ResponseEntity response = restTemplate.exchange(uri, HttpMethod.GET, null, String.class);
System.out.println(response.getBody());
输出结果
{"code":404,"result":null,"message":"Resources not found"}