linux 扩展挂载盘大小_Linux 挂载新添加磁盘&LVM配置

Linux 直接挂载磁盘

[root@11g-primary ~]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1              18G   15G  1.7G  91% /

tmpfs                 635M     0  635M   0% /dev/shm

[root@11g-primary ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1        2349    18868311   83  Linux

/dev/sda2            2350        2610     2096482+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@11g-primary ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e   extended

p   primary partition (1-4)

1

Invalid partition number for type `1'

Command action

e   extended

p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610):

Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@11g-primary~]#fdisk-l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1        2349    18868311   83  Linux

/dev/sda2            2350        2610     2096482+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

[root@11g-primary~]#mkfs-t ext3-c/dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

2621440 inodes, 5241198 blocks

262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

160 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000

Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks):  done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@11g-primary ~]# mkdir /u02

[root@11g-primary ~]#  mount /dev/sdb1 /u02

[root@11g-primary ~]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1              18G   15G  1.7G  91% /

tmpfs                 635M     0  635M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/sdb1              20G  173M   19G   1% /u02

[root@11g-primary ~]# vi /etc/fstab

LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

LABEL=SWAP-sda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdb1               /u02                    ext3    defaults        0 0

Linux LVM配置过程

[root@DB02 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000724a8

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          26      204800   83  Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2              26         548     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda3             548        3917    27057152   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@DB02 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x447e4e60.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help):p

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x447e4e60

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help):n

Command action

e   extended

p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4):1

First cylinder (1-3916, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-3916, default 3916):

Using default value 3916

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x447e4e60

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1        3916    31455238+  8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help):w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

一、创建逻辑卷

将新创建的两个分区/dev/sdb1转化成物理卷,主要是添加LVM属性信息并划分PE存储单元

[root@DB02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

dev_is_mpath: failed to get device for 8:17

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

[root@DB02 ~]# pvs

PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree

/dev/sdb1       lvm2 a--  30.00g 30.00g

[root@DB02 ~]# pvdisplay

"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "30.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sdb1

VG Name

PV Size               30.00 GiB

Allocatable           NO

PE Size               0

Total PE              0

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          0

PV UUID               L1fQpn-ovur-Xgu2-XdcE-IdPq-RAW7-QlFJ6g

创建卷组 vgdata ,并将刚才创建好的物理卷加入该卷组.可以看出默认PE大小为4MB,PE是卷组的最小存储单元.可以通过 –s参数修改大小。

[root@DB02 ~]# vgcreate vgdata /dev/sdb1

Volume group "vgdata" successfully created

[root@DB02 ~]# vgs

VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree

vgdata   1   0   0 wz--n- 30.00g 30.00g

[root@DB02 ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name               vgdata

System ID

Format                lvm2

Metadata Areas        1

Metadata Sequence No  1

VG Access             read/write

VG Status             resizable

MAX LV                0

Cur LV                0

Open LV               0

Max PV                0

Cur PV                1

Act PV                1

VG Size               30.00 GiB

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              7679

Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0

Free  PE / Size       7679 / 30.00 GiB

VG UUID               B65XI5-sxuT-3dYE-Sgh9-gFAT-ejVf-bgCScs

从物理卷vgdata上面分割15G给新的逻辑卷lvdata1.

[root@DB02 ~]# lvcreate -L 15G -n lvdata01 vgdata

Logical volume "lvdata01" created

[root@DB02 ~]# lvs

LV       VG     Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

lvdata01 vgdata -wi-a----- 15.00g

[root@DB02 ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path                /dev/vgdata/lvdata01

LV Name                lvdata01

VG Name                vgdata

LV UUID                VGalZV-etmj-yoob-QKLo-8RdX-3JC4-wS7s7l

LV Write Access        read/write

LV Creation host, time DB02, 2015-11-24 13:29:13 +0800

LV Status              available

# open                 0

LV Size                15.00 GiB

Current LE             3840

Segments               1

Allocation             inherit

Read ahead sectors     auto

- currently set to     256

Block device           253:0

使用mkfs.ext4命令在逻辑卷lvdata01上创建ext4文件系统.

[root@DB02 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgdata/lvdata01

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

983040 inodes, 3932160 blocks

196608 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4026531840

120 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 25 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

挂载逻辑卷

[root@DB02 ~]# mkdir -p /u01

[root@DB02 ~]# mount /dev/vgdata/lvdata01 /u01

[root@DB02 ~]# df -h

Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3                     26G  6.9G   18G  29% /

tmpfs                       1000M   76K 1000M   1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1                    194M   34M  151M  19% /boot

/dev/sr0                     3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1

/dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata01   15G  166M   14G   2%/u01

修改/etc/fstab最后一行加入

/dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata01     /u01        ext4    defaults        0 0

二、扩展逻辑卷

给逻辑卷增加空间并不会影响以前空间的使用，所以无需卸载文件系统，直接通过命令lvextend –L +500M /dev/vgdata/lvdata01或者lvextend –l 2.5G /dev/vgdata/lvdata01 给lvdata01增加500M空间(lvdata01目前是15G空间)设置完成之后，记得使用resize2fs命令来同步文件系统。

[root@DB02 ~]# lvextend -L +500M /dev/vgdata/lvdata01

Extending logical volume lvdata01 to 15.49 GiB

Logical volume lvdata01 successfully resized

[root@DB02 ~]# lvs

LV       VG     Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

lvdata01 vgdata -wi-ao---- 15.49g

[root@DB02 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vgdata/lvdata01

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem at /dev/vgdata/lvdata01 is mounted on /u01; on-line resizing required

old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vgdata/lvdata01 to 4060160 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/vgdata/lvdata01 is now 4060160 blocks long.