android-ndk静态编译,Android NDK秘籍--编译静态库、调用静态库

此篇文章的目的：

将C/C++的源码直接编译成静态库，只能提供给底层调用。

注：比较适用于将第三方开源库编译成静态库，也可以将自己写的源码编译成静态库，给自己或其他人的底层调用。

本文目录：

1.开发环境配置

2.编译静态库方法

3.调用静态库方法

4.示例

1.开发环境配置

环境配置：

开发工具：Android Studio 3.0.1

Android SDK Tools：额外勾选CMake、LLDB、NDK三个选项

JDK版本：JDK 1.8

NDK版本：18.1.5063045

编译方式：CMake

第三方C/C++开源库：cJSON

新建Android项目配置：

Include C++ Support：进行配置NDK环境，勾选。主要是自动创建cpp目录和CMakeLists.txt，并自动在gradle中进行了ndk配置

C++ Standard：选择使用哪种C++标准，选择Toolchain Default。会使用默认的CMake设置。

Exceptions Support：启用对C++异常处理的支持，勾选。

Runtime Type Information Support：启用对运行时类型信息的支持，勾选。

2.编译静态库方法

详见Demo1

(1)先按照上述Android项目配置新建工程。

(2)以cJSON开源库为例，github上下载最新版本的cJSON源码，放入到项目的cpp目录下：

(3)配置CMakeLists.txt文件：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

#打印LOG

message(STATUS "Cmake build type is: "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})

message(STATUS "Cmake build android abi is: "${ANDROID_ABI})

#设置静态库和动态库的输出路径

set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/output/libs/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/${ANDROID_ABI})

set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/output/libs/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/${ANDROID_ABI})

#设置变量

set(LOCAL_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp)

#引入头文件

include_directories(

${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/

)

#增加静态库

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.

cjson

# Sets the library as a shared library.

STATIC

# Provides a relative path to your source file(s).

${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/cJSON.c

${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/cJSON_Utils.c

)

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.

native-lib

# Sets the library as a shared library.

SHARED

# Provides a relative path to your source file(s).

src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp )

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.

log-lib

# Specifies the name of the NDK library that

# you want CMake to locate.

log )

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.

native-lib

cjson #链接该静态库进行测试, 如果不测试, 则不需要链接

# Links the target library to the log library

# included in the NDK.

${log-lib} )

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(4)配置build.gradle文件，主要是配置编译哪种CPU类型的库，使用abiFilters，有些复杂的C/C++源码在编译不同CPU类型的库时，还需要一些其他的配置，使用arguments，具体配置根据需求进行更改，配置如下：

android {

...

defaultConfig {

...

externalNativeBuild {

cmake {

//arguments "-DANDROID_ARM_NEON=TRUE", "-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang"

//不写此行则默认使用CMake配置的变量列表

cppFlags "-frtti -fexceptions"

//abiFilters /*"armeabi",*/ "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64" //不写此行则默认编译后面4个CPU类型的库

}

}

}

...

externalNativeBuild {

cmake {

path "CMakeLists.txt"

}

}

}

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(5)在命令行使用gradlew assemble命令进行编译，静态库会输出在设置的文件夹中。

3.调用静态库方法

详见Demo2

(1)先按照上述Android项目配置新建工程。

(2)以cJSON开源库为例，将编译好的静态库放入到项目的cpp目录下：

(3)引入头文件，并使用C++类重新进行了封装：

#ifndef __Cjson_Utils_H__

#define __Cjson_Utils_H__

//此处导入C++的头文件

//#include "CObjectUtils.h"

#ifdef __cplusplus

extern "C" {

#endif

//此处导入C的头文件

#include "cJSON.h"

#include "cJSON_Utils.h"

#ifdef __cplusplus

};

#endif

class CCjsonUtils{

public:

CCjsonUtils();

virtual ~CCjsonUtils();

static const char* getCjsonVersion();

};

#endif

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(4)配置CMakeLists.txt文件：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

#打印LOG

message(STATUS "Cmake build type is: "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})

message(STATUS "Cmake build android abi is: "${ANDROID_ABI})

#设置变量

set(LOCAL_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp)

#引入头文件

include_directories(

${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/include/cjson/

${LOCAL_PATH}/cjsonutils/

)

#导入静态库

add_library(cjson STATIC IMPORTED)

set_target_properties(cjson PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/${ANDROID_ABI}/libcjson.a )

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.

native-lib

# Sets the library as a shared library.

SHARED

# Provides a relative path to your source file(s).

src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp

${LOCAL_PATH}/cjsonutils/CCjsonUtils.cpp #创建的C++工具类, 用于对C源码进行封装, 便于简化接口

)

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.

log-lib

# Specifies the name of the NDK library that

# you want CMake to locate.

log )

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.

native-lib

cjson #链接静态库

# Links the target library to the log library

# included in the NDK.

${log-lib} )

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(5)配置build.gradle，使用默认的即可，然后就可以正常调用了。

4.示例