java网络基础_java网络基础

网络学习基础

基本概念

一组计算机连接组成

交换数据

共享资源

网络三要素

ip

端口

通信协议

网络分层

osi的网络模型

tcp/ip参考模型

应用层，表示层，会话层=》应用层

传输层=〉传输层

网络层=》网络层

数据传输层，物理层=》网络接口层

ip地址的使用

InetAddress类

基础使用

package com.joy;

import java.net.InetAddress;

import java.net.InterfaceAddress;

import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();

System.out.println(localHost);//打印是主机名+ip地址

//根据主机名，可以获得你的ip地址

InetAddress byName = InetAddress.getByName("adeMacBook-Pro-2.local");

System.out.println(byName);

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

Tcp：三次握手

点名->答应->确认(重点)

TCP编程

socket(插座)

快速编程

客户端向服务器发送消息

package com.joy.net;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

Socket client = new Socket("localhsot", 10086);

//发送数据

OutputStream outputStream = client.getOutputStream();

//封装

DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);

dataOutputStream.writeUTF("hello");

dataOutputStream.close();

outputStream.close();

client.close();

}

}

服务器操作

package com.joy.net;

import java.io.DataInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.net.ServerSocket;

import java.net.Socket;

public class Sever {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10086);

//返回客户端的socket

Socket client = serverSocket.accept();

//获得相关的数据

InputStream inputStream = client.getInputStream();

DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inputStream);

//读取对应的数据

String str = dataInputStream.readUTF();

System.out.println(str);

dataInputStream.close();

inputStream.close();

client.close();

serverSocket.close();

}

}

先启动服务器

第二步创建服务器也可以回话的消息

package com.joy.net1;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.ServerSocket;

import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

System.out.println("服务器已经启动");

//创建服务器的socket

ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10000);

//获得客户端的具柄

Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();

//接受数据

InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();

//包装

DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inputStream);

byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

int read = dataInputStream.read(buf);

System.out.println(new String(buf,0,read));

//发送数据

OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);

dataOutputStream.write("你好客户端".getBytes());

//关闭

inputStream.close();

dataInputStream.close();

dataOutputStream.close();

outputStream.close();

socket.close();

serverSocket.close();

}

}

客户端

package com.joy.net1;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//客户端操作

Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",10000);

//发送数据

OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);

//发送

dataOutputStream.write("你好服务器".getBytes());

//接受

InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();

DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inputStream);

byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

int read = dataInputStream.read(buf);

System.out.println(new String(buf,0,read));

//关闭

outputStream.close();

dataInputStream.close();

dataOutputStream.close();

inputStream.close();

socket.close();

}

}