mysql 挂载分区到数据文件目录_Mysql数据库表分区存储到指定磁盘路径-阿里云开发者社区...

0. 前提：

mysql5.6.6以上的版本以上的版本才支持单表指定目录，且目录权限是mysql:mysql。

在mysql中数据文件存放于在my.cnf中datadir指定的路径，使用的表引擎不同产生的文件格式、表文件个数也会有所差异。

mysql的表引擎有多种，表的扩展名也不一样，如innodb用“ .ibd”，archive用“.arc ”，csv用“.csv”等。

1.步骤详解

步骤一：设定my.cnf配置文件。

innodb_file_per_table=1

验证开关已经打开。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'innodb_file_per_table';

+-----------------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-----------------------+-------+

| innodb_file_per_table | ON |

+-----------------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

步骤二：创建指定路径存储的分区表。

CREATE TABLE orders_list2 (

id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,

customer_surname VARCHAR(30),

store_id INT,

salesperson_id INT,

order_date DATE,

note VARCHAR(500),

INDEX idx (id)

) ENGINE = INNODB

PARTITION BY LIST(store_id) (

PARTITION p1

VALUES IN (1, 3, 4, 17)

INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district1'

DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district1',

PARTITION p2

VALUES IN (2, 12, 14)

INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district2'

DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district2',

PARTITION p3

VALUES IN (6, 8, 20)

INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district3'

DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district3',

PARTITION p4

VALUES IN (5, 7, 9, 11, 16)

INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district4'

DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district4',

PARTITION p5

VALUES IN (10, 13, 15, 18)

INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district5'

DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district5'

);

插入记录：

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note)

values(1, "yang", 1, 1, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note)

values(2, "yang", 2, 2, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note)

values(6, "yang", 6, 6, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note)

values(8, "yang", 8, 8, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note)

values(5, "yang", 5, 5, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note)

values(10, "yang", 10, 10, CURDATE(), "testing");

步骤三：到指定新路径下验证。

[root@f033b3fe25e2 orders]# tree

.

├── district1

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p1.ibd

├── district2

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p2.ibd

├── district3

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p3.ibd

├── district4

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p4.ibd

└── district5

└── test

└── orders_list2#P#p5.ibd

10 directories, 5 files

[root@f033b3fe25e2 orders]# pwd

/var/orders

查询验证：

mysql> explain partitions select * from orders_list2;

+----+-------------+--------------+----------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |

+----+-------------+--------------+----------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| 1 | SIMPLE | orders_list2 | p1,p2,p3,p4,p5 | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 11 | NULL |

+----+-------------+--------------+----------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

步骤四：新增分区处理。

场景假设：比如最新的数据，我们想存储到SSD硬盘上。可以通过增加指定路径的分区文件达到目的。

ALTER TABLE orders_list2 ADD PARTITION (PARTITION p6 VALUES IN (21,22,23)

DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/ssd_testing' INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/ssd_testing');

[root@f033b3fe25e2 var]# tree ssd_testing/

ssd_testing/

└── test

└── orders_list2#P#p6.ibd

六个分区结果：

mysql> explain partitions select * from orders_list2;

+----+-------------+--------------+-------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |

+----+-------------+--------------+-------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| 1 | SIMPLE | orders_list2 | p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6 | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 12 | NULL |

+----+-------------+--------------+-------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

参考：