Linux安装gcc时碰到的有关问题解决(解决gcc依赖有关问题)
rpm安装gcc时碰到的有关问题解决(解决gcc依赖有关问题)
提示：error: Failed dependencies:
cloog-ppl >= 0.15 is needed by gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
cpp = 4.4.7-4.el6 is needed by gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
rpm安装cloog-ppl会报：
error: Failed dependencies:
libppl.so.7()(64bit) is needed by cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64
libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) is needed by cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64
rpm安装cpp会报：
error: Failed dependencies:
libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) is needed by cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
安装软件包前期准备工作：
1.挂载光盘镜像到mnt目录下。(学习推荐)，下面说说挂载命令[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
[root@localhost Packages]#
挂载成功后，进入到包所在目录[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]#
2.网上去下载需要安装的包。
在安装gcc时我们基本都会碰到这样的错误提示：
1》 安装gcc包，并报错了:
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
cloog-ppl >= 0.15 is needed by gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
cpp = 4.4.7-4.el6 is needed by gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]#
上面的报错说明：缺少两个依赖关系包(cloog-ppl和cpp)，那么我们只需要安装这两个包就行了。
2》 安装cloog-ppl包:
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libppl.so.7()(64bit) is needed by cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64
libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) is needed by cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]#
上面的报错：其实就是少了一个ppl包！
3》 安装ppl包:[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:ppl ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
成功安装ppl包！
4》 回过头安装cloog-ppl包:[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:cloog-ppl ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
成功安装cloog-ppl包！
5》 安装cpp包:[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) is needed by cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]#
上面的报错：其实就是少了一个mpfr包！
6》 安装mpfr包:[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:mpfr ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
成功安装mpfr包！
7》 回过头安装cpp包:[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:cpp ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
成功安装cpp包
8》 这个时候安装gcc时，报缺少的两个包现在都装上，我们再来装一个gcc:[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:gcc ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
成功安装gcc，当然你也可以用yum来安装(自动帮助解决依赖关系)！
【温馨提示】：
安装rpm包时，不知道包名。我们可以查找一下：
比如我要安装ppl包时，不知道全名时。先查看一下名字包扩ppl的rpm,那么下面我们在输要安装的包名时就方便了。[root@localhost Packages]# ls *ppl*
cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686.rpm
cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
gdm-user-switch-applet-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64.rpm
gnome-applets-2.28.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm
gnome-python2-applet-2.28.0-5.el6.x86_64.rpm
kdebase-workspace-python-applet-4.3.4-24.el6.x86_64.rpm
krb5-appl-clients-1.0.1-7.el6_2.1.x86_64.rpm
krb5-appl-servers-1.0.1-7.el6_2.1.x86_64.rpm
libpanelappletmm-2.26.0-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
poppler-0.12.4-3.el6_0.1.i686.rpm
poppler-0.12.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm
poppler-data-0.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
poppler-glib-0.12.4-3.el6_0.1.i686.rpm
poppler-glib-0.12.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm
poppler-qt4-0.12.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm
poppler-utils-0.12.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm
ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.i686.rpm
ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
sabayon-apply-2.29.92-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
wpa_supplicant-0.7.3-4.el6_3.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:ppl ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
安装时我们最好都导入一下RPM-GPG-KEY！验证一下RPM包！
作用：安装rpm包时，对rpm包进行签名验证。看看是不是RPM自己发布的！
如何导入：
1、先看查RPM-GPG-KEY所在地址：[root@localhost Packages]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@localhost Packages]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[root@localhost Packages]#
这时个我们就知道地址是：/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
2、导入RPM-GPG-KEY[root@localhost Packages]# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
效果对比：
【没导入前安装】：[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:gcc ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
这时候会报：warning: gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
【导入后安装】：[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:gcc ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Packages]#
这时候就不会上面报的警告错误了。
rpm包下载地址：
http://rpmfind.net/
http://rpm.pbone.net/
http://www.rpmseek.com/index.html
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