oracle10g rman备份,Oracle 10g备份与恢复高级用户指南--第九章 RMAN备份信息维护

第九章RMAN备份信息维护

1.RMAN报告

通过RMAN命令list,report,show三个命令访问相关信息；除了这几个常用的命令，还可以通过restore…preview命令查看备份文件信息；

LIST命令：查看备份相关信息，DB

Incarnation等；list backupset与V$BACKUP_FILES\RC_BACKUP_FILESS

REPORT命令：报告需要备份的，OBSOLETE备份，unrecoverable数据文件，

REPORT OBSOLETE REDUNDANCY 2;

REPORT OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 5 DAYS;

2.Crosscheck RMAN的备份

RMAN资料库中的备份记录可能与磁带或磁盘上的实际备份文件不一致。Crosscheck就是检查这种不一致的命令；执行crosscheck命令后，不一致的记录会被标示为EXPIRED，通过delete expired命令可以删除被标示expired的备份集记录；

3.删除RMAN的备份

DELETE

DELETE... FORCE

BACKUP ... DELETE [ALL] INPUT

CHANGE ... UNCATALOG

DELETE OBSOLETE

DELETE EXPIRED

DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL

BACKED UP 2 TIMES TO DEVICE TYPE sbt;

BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL

DELETE INPUT;

BACKUP

ARCHIVELOG ALL FROM SEQUENCE 1200 DELETE ALL INPUT;

BACKUP ARCHIVELOG

FROM SEQUENCE 123 DELETE ALL INPUT;

4.Change…available与unavailable的RMAN备份

RMAN可以通过以下命令修改资料库中备份记录为AVAILABLE 或UNAVAILABLE；

CHANGE ... UNAVAILABLE

CHANGE ... AVAILABLE

5.改变RMAN备份的保留策略状态

RMAN>

CHANGE BACKUPSET TAG year_end_2002 KEEP FOREVER NOLOGS;

RMAN>

CHANGE BACKUPSET TAG year_end_2002 NOKEEP;

6.通过V$视图监控RMAN

V$PROCESS：当前活动进程

V$SESSION：当前活动会话

V$SESSION_LONGOPS：提供备份与还原job的进程报告

V$SESSION_WAIT：列出会话等待的事件或资源

查询服务会话与通道对应关系：

COLUMN CLIENT_INFO FORMAT a30

COLUMN SID FORMAT 999

COLUMN SPID FORMAT 9999

SELECT s.SID, p.SPID, s.CLIENT_INFO

FROM V$PROCESS p, V$SESSION s

WHERE p.ADDR = s.PADDR

AND CLIENT_INFO LIKE 'rman%'

;

查询进程与通道对应关系：

RUN

{

ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 TYPE disk;

SET

COMMAND ID TO 'sess1';

BACKUP DATABASE;

}

RUN

{

ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 TYPE sbt;

SET

COMMAND ID TO 'sess2';

BACKUP DATABASE;

}

SELECT SID, SPID, CLIENT_INFO

FROM V$PROCESS p, V$SESSION s

WHERE p.ADDR = s.PADDR

AND

CLIENT_INFO LIKE '%id=sess%';

监控JOB过程：

SELECT SID, SERIAL#, CONTEXT, SOFAR,

TOTALWORK,

ROUND(SOFAR/TOTALWORK*100,2) "%_COMPLETE"

FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS

WHERE OPNAME LIKE 'RMAN%'

AND

OPNAME NOT LIKE '%aggregate%'

AND

TOTALWORK != 0

AND

SOFAR <> TOTALWORK

;

监控RMAN与介质管理器的交互：

select

name from v$event_name where name like '%sbt%';

COLUMN EVENT FORMAT a10

COLUMN SECONDS_IN_WAIT FORMAT 999

COLUMN STATE FORMAT a20

COLUMN CLIENT_INFO FORMAT a30

SELECT p.SPID, EVENT, SECONDS_IN_WAIT AS

SEC_WAIT,

sw.STATE, CLIENT_INFO

FROM V$SESSION_WAIT sw, V$SESSION s,

V$PROCESS p

WHERE sw.EVENT LIKE 's%bt%'

AND s.SID=sw.SID

AND s.PADDR=p.ADDR

;

监控备份和还原的执行情况：

V$BACKUP_SYNC_IO: Displays rows when the

I/O is synchronous to the process (or thread on some platforms) performing the

backup.

V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO: Displays rows when the

I/O is asynchronous to the process (or thread on some platforms) performing the

backup.

Note: Where asynchronous I/O is not

supported by the host operating system, it may be implemented using slave I/O

processes.