英文素材

夏说英语-新闻素材

全球变暖：加拿大成世界最快升温地

  Canada is warming up faster than the rest of the world, according to a report commissioned by the Canadian Environment and Climate Change Department.
  The report -- titled "Canada's Changing Climate Report" -- says, on average, Canada's climate has been and will continue to warm at double the rate of global warming.
  The report also says since 1948, when records became available, Canada's average land temperature increased by 1.7 degrees Celsius.

warm up - 温度上升，热身
commission - vt - 委托…
Celsius - 摄氏度

---

专家喜报：毋需老方子预防心脏病

  If you're a healthy older adult looking for ways to reduce your risk of heart attack and stroke, don't turn to that age-old standby: daily low-dose aspirin.
  It's no longer recommended as a preventative for older adults who don't have a high risk or existing heart disease, according to guidelines announced Sunday by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association.
  However, for anyone who has had a stroke, heart attack, open-heart surgery or stents inserted to open clogged arteries, aspirin can be life-saving.

heart attack - n. 心脏病
stroke - n.中风
age-old - 古老的；由来已久的
standby - n. 备份；备用药品
low-dose - 低剂量的    high-dose - 高剂量的
aspirin - 阿司匹林
recommended - 被推荐的，被推崇的
preventative - n. 预防药品；预防法；预防物
cardiology - 心脏病学    cardinal - n. 红衣主教 - adj. 重要的    electrocardiogram - n. 心电图
stent - n. 心脏支架
artery -n. 动脉    vein - 静脉

---

替代方案被否，脱欧再陷迷局

  None of MP's eight proposed Brexit options have secured clear backing in a series of votes in the Commons.
  The Options - which included a customs union with the EU and a referendum on any deal - were supposed to help find a consensus over how to leave the EU.
  Brexit Secretary Stephen Barclay said the results strengthened ministers' view their deal was "the best option".

option - 选项；选择    alternative - n. 供替代的选择    choice - n. 选择
secure - vt. 获得 - adj. 安全的    security - n. 安全
backing - n.支持    back - n. 后面 vt. 支持
referendum - n. 公投
consensus - n. 共识

---

德国经济陷困境

  There's no question [doubt] that the German [adj.] economy has hit a difficult patch.
  The widest measure of economic activity, gross domestic product (GDP), declined in the third quarter of last year by [变化幅度] 0.2% and failed to grow in the following three months.
  In term of recession, as widely defined (two consecutive quarters of contraction), that is a very near miss indeed.
  That said, the jobs market in Germany is still in pretty decent health. The unemployment rate is one of the lowest in the world at [精确] 3.1%.

hit a difficult patch - 陷入困境
a wide measure of - 宏观的    a micro measure of - 微观的
gross - 总共的
domestic - 国内的    domestic market - 国内市场    domestic flight - 国内航班    international - 国际的
decline - vi -下降; - vt - 拒绝    decrease - vi - 减少    shrink - vi - 缩水
following - adj - 之后的； - n. - 下列事物
in terms of - 谈论到某话题；在…方面
recession - n. - 经济衰退
consecutive - adj. - 连续的
contraction - n. - 紧缩
near miss - 差一点
that said - 即便如此    given that - 考虑到    even so - 即便如此
decent - adj. - 还不错的，体面的

---

懂你英语

level3-unit1

Part1-Lis1- An Unusual Day

  Kathy usually gets up at 6:30, but this morning, she didn't hear her alarm. As a result, she overslept. She didn't get up until 7:00 [not...until... 直到...才...], 30 minutes later than usual [earlier than usual 比平常早]. As a result, she didn't have time to cook breakfast for her children.
  Today Kathy and her kids left home early. They usually leave home at 7:30, but today they left at 7:15. They left early because they had to buy breakfast on their way to school [on one's way to 在谁去哪里的路上].
  It usually takes 45 minutes to drive her kids to school, but today it took longer. It took them longer because they stopped for [stop for... 为...短暂停留] breakfast along the way [在路上 along=on]. It took 15 minutes for them to have breakfast. They ate at a little coffee shop along the side of the road.
  After eating breakfast, they got back into their car. On most days the traffic isn't too bad in the morning. But this morning, it was much worse than usual. The cars were moving very slowly. As a result it took them longer than usual to get to school.
  One of her children got to school on time, but the other two were late. There were late because their schools are farther away. There were both 10 minutes late to school.
 When Kathy finally got home she cleaned her house as usual. She vacuumed [用吸尘器清扫, vacuum cleaner 吸尘器] the living room and cleaned the bathroom. Then she talked with her friend on the phone as usual. When she finished talking with her friend she got into her car. She put the key into the ignition, and tried to start the engine [发动引擎]. But the car's engine didn't start. Her car battery was dead, so she had to call for help.
 After getting a new battery for her car, the engine started. Then Kathy drove to the mall to meet her friend. She arrived to the mall an hour late but her friend was waiting for her. They had lunch together and then they went shopping. They both bought new shoes and some things for their kids. Kathy bought a new tie for her husband.
 It's now 3:00 and everything is going as usual [一切照常]. Kathy doesn't want anything else to go wrong [出岔子]. She wants the rest of the day to go as usual. She doesn't want any more surprises. And tomorrow she won't oversleep. She never wants to oversleep again.

---

Part1-Lis2- Bus Schedule

  Here is a bus schedule at a bus stop. On most days the buses come to schedule but sometimes they don't. Yesterday for example, several buses were late. This is because the traffic yesterday was much heavier than usual.
  Bus number 38 was supposed to come at 8:40, but it was 5 minutes late. It didn't come until 8:45. Bus number 60 was supposed to come at 8:30. But yesterday it didn't come until 8:40. It was 10 minutes late. Not one bus came early.
  As a result of the delays one man got on [get on 搭乘某种交通工具]the wrong bus. He wanted to go to the airport so he wanted to get on bus number 38. He expected it to come at 8:40. Instead he got on bus number 60, which came at 8:40. He didn't notice that it was the wrong bus. It didn't go to the airport. As a result he missed his flight.

---

Part1-Voc1- Activaties

Wedding are where two people get married.
The building in the middle [ in the middle 后置定语] is an office building.
Many people come to work here during the week.
These people are at a dance party.
The woman in the green dress is dancing with her boyfriend.
These two people are meeting for the first time.
They are shaking hands.
This young boy is brushing his teeth.
He brushes his teeth several times a day.

---

Part1-Voc2- Foods

Candies and cakes are sweet because they are made with losts of sugar.
Eating too many sweets is not good for your teeth.
Lemons and grapefruit take a little sour so some people don't like them.
Some sour tasting foods have a lot of vitamin C.
These red peppers are very hot and spicy.
Eating hot or spicy food raises body temperature so don't eat them before going into bed.
These foods are deep-fried and greasy.
Greasy foods have a lot of calories, so don't eat them if you want to lose weight.
Healthy foods are usually nature and don't include dangerous chemical.
Fruits and vegetables are examples of healthy foods.

---

Part1-Voc3- Spatial relations

The triangle is inside the square.
The square is around the triangle.
The circle is between two small squares.
There is a square on either side of the circle. [同上一句]
The circle is on the left of the rectangle.
The rectangle is on the right of the circle.

---

Part1-Dia1- Meeting at the Airport

W: Hey, where are you? I don't see you anywhere.
M: I'm on the subway.
W: My flight arrived early and I'm tired.
M: I'm sorry to be late. I'll be there as fast as I can.
W: Where are you now?
M: There are three more stops. I'll be there in ten minutes. [in + 时间段 在多长时间之后]
W: I'll meet you at the bus stop in front of terminal 2. Then we can get a taxi.
M: OK, I'll look for you in front of terminal 2. See you soon.

---

Part1-Dia2- Staying up late

Lisa: What's the matter, Tom?
Tom: I don't feel well.
Lisa: Are you sick?
Tom: No, I don't think so. I'm just tired.
Lisa: Didn't you get enough sleep?
Tom: No, I didn't. I went to bed later than usual last night.
Lisa: What's time did you go to bed?
Tom: I didn't go to bed until 12:00.
Lisa: Why did you stay up so late?
Tom: I was watching some videos on line.
Lisa: What kinds of videos?
Tom: Music videos from all over the world.
Lisa: Really?
Tom: Sure, I'll send you some links if you'd like.
Lisa: Thanks, I like music videos too. They are really fun.
Tom: Just don't stay up too late.
Lisa: Don't worry, I won't stay up too late. I need my sleep.

---

Part2-Lis1- Time Zones

 Our planet, the Earth, is the third planet from the sun. It is a beautiful, rotating sphere. The side facing the sun is in daylight. The side facing away from the sun is in darkness. For example, when it's daytime in the US, it's nighttime in China. In fact, there's a 12-hour time difference between Boston and Shanghai. When it's midnight in Shanghai, it's noon in Boston.
 The Earth rotates from west to east. To know which direction is east or west, watch the sun. The sun travels through the sky from east to west. The sun comes up [升起] in the east and goes down [落下] in the west. Again, this is because the earth rotates. It takes 24 hours for the earth to make a complete rotation. And that is the length of one day.
 Because of the earth's rotation, the earth is divided into time zones. Some countries, such as the US, have several time zones. When it's 10 am in New York, it's 7 am in San Francisco. Europe and the US are separated by several time zones. When it's 5 pm in Paris, it's 11 am in Boston. So there is a 6-hour difference between Paris and Boston. One large country, China, has just one time zone for the whole country. As a result, at the same time, some parts of the country can be dark and other parts can be light.
 As [表伴随， 当...时] you travel around the earth, the time changes. The time of day depends on your location on the planet. When you travel east or west, you may cross several time zones. For example, if you travel from Beijing to Los Angeles, you cross 8 time zones. That means, when it's noon on Sunday in China, it's 8 pm on Saturday in Los Angeles. For travelers, this means it can be very difficult to sleep after a long flight[长途飞行] . The clock may say[说明，指示] 8 pm, but for your body, it's noon. This is called jet lag[时差].

---

Part2-Lis2- Kim’s Movie Star Dream

 Kim is a popular Korea actress. She's 28 years old, slim, and beautiful. She has a large fan club, and her movies are very popular. Everywhere she goes, her fans want her autograph[亲笔签名]. But Kim wants more. She wants to be popular all over the world.
 Tomorrow is a special day for her. She's leaving for Hollywood. She's going to Hollywood to meet with some top movie executives[电影制片人]. The meeting is scheduled for[定于/安排在...时候] the day after tomorrow. [If 引导 主将从现]If the meeting goes well[进展顺利], she'll be in a Hollywood movie. This is her chance to become a star.
 She met the movie's director last year. He came to Korea and saw her latest movie. After that he decided to use her in his new movie. Fortunately, Kim's English is excellent, so she can play the role.
 The director wants her to play a major role in the movie. The movie story will take place[(有计划)发生 happen (无计划)发生] in the future. At that time[在那时], the world will be a very different place. Unfortunately, much of world will be polluted. Robots will do much of the work, and only the very rich can have a good life.
 The ending of the movie is still a secret. Even Kim doesn't know how it will end. But she hopes it will have a happy ending. She wants people to have hope for a better future.

---

Part2-Voc1- Actions Comparisons

 These poeple are having[holding] a meeting. The woman is giving[making] a presentation. This person is having a scary dream. In his dream, something is chasing him, so he is running as fact as [as + 副词 + as sb. can / as soon as possible ASAP]he can. This old man is a tourist[游客]. He is looking out the window of his tour bus. This young couple is in an art museum. They are looking at a famous painting. The sun is setting[落下 sunset 日落] behind the mountains. The sky is turning red.
 The longest line is the one on the top. The top line is the longest of the three lines. The shortest line is the one in the middle. The line in the middle is shorter than the other two. The bottom line is the shortest. The shortest of these three lines is the one on the bottom. The shirt on the left is more expensive than the shirt on the right. The shirt on the right is less expensive than the shirt on the left. The shirt on the left isn't as expensive as the one on the right. The shirt on the left costs less than the one on the right.

---

Part2-Voc2- Seasons Weather

 Winter is the coldest season because the sun is at its[名词所有格/物主代词] lowest point in the sky. Winter sports include skiing and ice skating. Summer is the hottest season because the sun is at its highest point in the sky. Many people like to go swimming in the summer because of the hot weather. Spring is the season when the weather gets warmer each day. For many animals new life begins in the spring. Autumn is the season when the weather begins to cool and the days begin to shorten. Autumn is when trees turn many colors and leaves fall to the ground. Rainy season is the season when some countries get most of the rainfall. Rainy season usually lasts for one or two months.

---

Part2-Dia1- Missing the Flight

M: Hi, I'm sorry to be late.
W: What happened? You were supposed to be here an hour ago.
M: Yes, I know, but I missed my flight.
W: You missed your flight? How did that happen?
M: I got on the wrong bus this morning, so I was late to the airport. By the time I arrived, the gate was closed.
W: What did you do then?
M: I had to rebook my flight and get on the waiting list[登机票名单、候补名单].
W: Oh, that's too bad. At least you got here.
M: Yes, it wasn't easy getting on the next flight. I had to run to the gate.
W: This kind of thing happens a lot lately. Last week I missed a flight, too.
M: What happened?
W: There was a traffic accident near the airport.
M: You were driving?
W: No, I wasn't. I was in a taxi. But it took a long time to get to the airport. The traffic was stopped for nearly 15 minutes. By the time I got there, it was too late to get on the flight. The next flight wasn't for another 3 hours, so it was a long wait. From now on, I'll try to get the airport much earlier.
M: Me too.

---

Part2-Dia2- A Going away Party

M: What's the matter? Why do you look so sad?
W: Ada has a new job. She's going to Beijing.
M: Really? When is she leaving?
W: She's leaving at the end of next week.
M: That soon?
W: Yes, she just told me.
M: That's too bad. I really enjoy working with her.
W: Me too, I'm going to miss her. Let's have a going away party[欢送会] for her.
M: Good idea. How about this weekend?
W: Friday evening would be better. We can have it after work.
M: Yes, Friday is better.
W: Let's go to her favorite restaurant, okay?
M: Which one? The Italian one, or the German one?
W: The Italian one has better food, so let's go there. Their pizzas are awesome.
M: Ok, I'll make the reservations.
W: Let me check with (sb) Ada[与某人核实、询问某人] first. We don't want her to miss her party.
M: Yeah, that's for sure. And could you please invite everyone in the office?
W: Sure, no problem. Nobody will want to miss it.

will: 表将来，强调客观事实。 It will rain tomorrow. (天气预报)明天要下雨。
be going to: 强调人的主观意愿或判断。It’s going to rain tomorrow. （看到乌云密布推测）明天要下雨。

---

Part3-Lis-Buying a new car

  Pual is a very successful businessman. He owns several restaurants. All of them are doing well. In fact, they are very profitable. To be profitable means that their income is more than their expenses. As a result, he is making a lot of money.
  Paul wants to buy a new car. He's trying to decide which car to buy. He has plenty of money. As a result, he isn't worried about the cost. He can afford an expensive car.
  On the other hand, he doesn't want to waste money. He wants a car he can rely on. It has to be safe and reliable, especially in cold winter weather. If a car breaks down in bad weather, it can be very dangerous.

  Paul wants to help reduce pollution and smog. He would like to buy a clean car, something good for the environment. He is thinking about buying a Tesla. The Tesla is an all-electric car. It used batteries insteading of gasoline. There is no exhaust so it doesn't pollute the air.
  However, the car can't go very far without recharging the battery. To charge the battery you can plug it in [plug sth in 给...接通电源] to an electrical outlet [充电插座]. Recharging the battery takes time.
  One of Paul's friends has one and he is quite happy with it. He says it's reliable and well-engineered. There're also several charging station near Paul's office. So he isn't worried about that. The cost for charging the battery is low. [the cost for/of doing sth. 做某事的费用] It's less expensive than buying gasoline. His wife, Kathy, also likes the idea of buying an electric car. She likes the idea of driving a clean car. So it makes sense [说得通，合乎情理的] .
  In the future there may be driverless cars. This may be very safe, but Paul doesn't like them. He enjoys driving. He likes to be in control of [be in control of sth. 掌控着某事/物、对某事/某物有控制权] his car.

---

Part3-Voc1-Spatial Relations & Needs

  The man in the middle is the heaviest. The man in the middle is heavier than the other two. The woman on the left is smarter than the man on the right. The man isn't as smart as the woman is. The woman is standing under a bridge. The bridge is above the woman. There is a bridge over the river. The river is flowing beneath the bridge. The water is flowing over a waterfall [瀑布]. The waterfall is very high and beautiful.
  People need passports to travel internationally. Without a passort, you cannot leave your country or enter anthor country. You need a driver's license to drive a car. It is against the law [违法] to drive without a driver's license. [It is against the law to drive under the influence of alcohol.] Many people use credit cards to buying things on credit [on credit = buy now - payer later 赊购]. When you have a credit card, you don't need to carry cash. Smart phones are very useful and can do many things. You can use them make phone calls, play games, or go shopping on the internet. We need to buy tickets in order to take a train, or watch a sport event. You can often buy tickets on line and sometimes you can get a discount.
  water under the bridge 习语，桥下流水，“过去发生的事情，对现在无关紧要”

---

Part3-Voc2-Places of Business

  Banks are where people can deposit or withdraw money. You can also use online bank to pay bills, such as your credit card bill. Hotels are where travellers can stay overnight or for several days. If you plan to stay at a hotel you should make a reservation [预定、预约] . Restaurant are where people go to eat with friends and family. There are many different kinds of restaurants, such as Indian, Italian, or Chinese restaurants. Repair shops are where people go to fix things which are broken or not working right. This repair shop fixes cars and can check to see if it's safe to drive. Coffee shops are favorite place to meet new people or take a break from the office. They are usually less expensive than restaurants.

---

Part3-Dia1-Ordering Food from Home

M: I'm tired of going out to eat. Let's eat at home tonight.
W: OK, are you going to cook?
M: No, It's too late, you konw I'm not a good cook. Let's order something.
W: What do you have in mind? [你有什么想法吗？(用于询问细节)]
M: I was thinking about a nice big pizza.
W: Again? I had pizza last night. So, please, no pizza.
M: OK, no pizza. Let's order Chinese food, okay?
W: Sweet and sour? You always like sweet and sour. I feel like eating something hot and spicy. [形容词修饰不定代词/不定副词时，需位于不定代词/不定副词之后，作后置定语]
M: OK, you order something hot and spicy, and I order sweet and sour. I don't want anything spicy. My stomach doesn't feel good. It's a bit upset.
W: OK, If you want sweet and sour then I'll have that too. And I'll make a salad with lots of tomatoes. How long will it take for the food to get here[/ to be delivered]?
M: I don't konw. I'll call and find out.[找出，弄清楚]
W: Thanks. Hopefully it won't take longer than an hour. I'm getting hungry.

不定代词 ：something, anything, everything, nothing, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody…
不定副词 ：somewhere, anywhere, nowhere…
There is nothing difficult in the world.

---

Part3-Dia2-Are Selfies Good or Bad?

M: Hey, what did you do last night?
W: I took a long walk from my hotel.
M: You didn't get lost.
W: No, I didn't.
M: Where did you go, anywhere interesting?
W: I walked to river. There were thousands of people there.
M: You went to the river, how long did it take you to walk there?
W: It took around 20 minutes.
M: Did you see anything interesting?
W: I was really surprised by how many poeple were there. Many of them were taking pictures and selies, lots of selfies . [take a photo/picture 拍照 ， take a selfie 自拍]
M: Do you take selfies?
W: Sure, don't you?
M: Sometimes, but my girlfriend takes a lot of selfies. Then she shares them with her friends on line. I don't understand why people like to take so many pictures of themselves.
W: That's because you are old-fashioned.[过时的，思想传统的，老派的]
M: Hmm, I guess you are right. There are too many social media for me. When I go to a restaurant, I see many people looking at their smart phones. They don't even look at the people they are with.
W: Times are changing, my friend, whether you like it or not.

---

part4-Lis-Christina’s Future Plans

  Christina sells women's clothing in a department store. She usually works six days a week, but this week she's going to take three days off.[take ... off 请一段时间假] She's taking time off so that she can visit her parents. Her parents live in the mountains, about three hours away by train.[... away 距此 ... 远] They are looking forward to seeing her. They haven't seen her for almost a year. Christina is their only child.
  Christina isn't going on the trip by herself.[go on the trip 踏上回家旅途] Her boyfriend is going with her. She is going to introduce him to her parents.[introduce sb to sb] She and her boyfriend want to get married. If everything goes well, they plan to get married in 6 monthes.
  After they get married, Christina plans to quit her job. She wants to spend more time designing clothes. She wants to set up her own business.[set up 召开；安排；建立；设立；创立， set up a business = start a business] This will take time.[需要一定时间] Her boyfriend thinks it's a good idea. He is also thinking about starting his own business.
 They don't plan to have children right away. In fact, they may decide not to have children. They don't know yet. It's going to be a big decision.

  Christina's parents want her to marry and have children. They are looking forward to having grandchildren. They don't want her to start her own business. They think it's more important to have children. In fact, they would like her to live closer to them. They want to be close to their grandchildren.
  So Christina doesn't plan to tell her parents everything. For now, she just wants them to meet her boyfriend. She wants them to be happy that she is going to get married. She wants her parents to accept her way of life.[way of life 生活方式] Life isn't the same now as it used to be. Times are changing.

plan to do 计划做某事
look forward to... 期待…
set up your own business 创业

---

Part4-Voc1-Jobs & Weather

  Mechanics[机修工], like this one, fix cars. He is working in a repair shop.[修理厂] A delivery person delivers things, such as pizzas. This person works for a restaurant. A pharmacist[药剂师] sells medicines. Pharmacists, like this woman, work in a pharmacy. Thieves, like this one, steal things. This theif is stealing a television from a home. A musician, like this one, plays music. This musician is playing a guitar.
  These people are wearing masks because of the smog. One cause of smog is automobile exhaust. It's rain hard [rain hard = rain heavily] so you need an umbrella.[rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨] Heavy rain like this can cause flooding and mudslide.[mudeslide 泥石流] When the sky is overcast, we can't see the the sun because of the clouds. A cloudy sky means that it might rain. We need to wear a coat when it's cold and windy. In a very strong wind, it's difficult to use an umbrella. We need to drink water or other liquids when it's hot outside. When it's really hot, most people turn on the air conditioning.

---

Part4-Voc2-Things to read

  Here are some different types of things to read. Works or fiction include novels, short stories and plays, such as Shakespeare. We read fiction to enjoy stories of imagination and adventure. People read the news to learn about what's happening in the world. We can get the news in newspapers and online. When we buy something, we often need to read an instruction manual. Instruction manuals show us how to put together or install things.[put together 组装] Non-fiction works include biographies and books about science and history. We read non-fiction to learn about different subjects and real people. We can learn about the latest scientific reasearch in journals and academic papers. Many online universities courses give a list of research papers to read.

---

Part4-Dia1-Foot Injury

M1: What's wrong?
M2: I can't work. My left foot hurts.
M1: Is it broken?
M2: I don't know if it's broken, but it sure hurts.
M1: There's one way to find out if it's broken.
M2: How?
M1: You need to see a doctor. The doctor can X-ray your foot.
M2: OK, Let's go. I can't walk by myself. Can you help me into a taxi?
M1: Sure, I'll call a taxi. I'll get you to a hospital as soon as possible.
M2: Thanks. I sure hope it isn't broken.
M1: We'll find out soon enough.

---

Part4-Dia2-Discussing Eating Out

W: I don't feel like cooking tonight. Let's go out.
M: Where would you like to go?
W: I feel like eating some great Italian food.
M: How about AI's Italian, it's always good.
W: We went there last week. Let's try something new[尝试新事物]. You have no imagination. You always want to go to the same place.
M: Right, I don't like unpleasant surprise. I just want things to be sample.
W: Ok, let's compromise.
M: What does that mean? What do you mean by compromise?
W: Let's go 50-50.[对半，平摊（各让一步）] This time we'll go someplace new and next time we can go to one of your favorites.
M: OK, I'll compromise and meet you halfway.[meet you halfway 折中]
W: Good, I'll look for something new and make reservations.
M: Great, let's not go to late.
W: I'll make reservations for 8. Is that okay?
M: Yes, perfect.

pasta: 意大利面总称
spaghetti：细长的意面
penne: 斜切通心粉
macaroni: 弯曲的小段通心粉
lasagna：意大利千层面

---

参考-喜马拉雅-夏说英语
参考-英语流利说-懂你英语