我试图测量我正在编写的TCP服务器的速度,我注意到可能存在测量connect()调用速度的根本问题:如果我以非阻塞方式连接,请连接()操作在几秒钟后变得非常慢。以下是Python中的示例代码:
#! /usr/bin/python2.4
import errno
import os
import select
import socket
import sys
import time
def NonBlockingConnect(sock, addr):
#time.sleep(0.0001) # Fixes the problem.
while True:
try:
return sock.connect(addr)
except socket.error, e:
if e.args[0] not in (errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EALREADY):
raise
os.write(2, '^')
if not select.select((), (sock,), (), 0.5)[1]:
os.write(2, 'P')
def InfiniteClient(addr):
while True:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0)
sock.setblocking(0)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# sock.connect(addr)
NonBlockingConnect(sock, addr)
sock.close()
os.write(2, '.')
def InfiniteServer(server_socket):
while True:
sock, addr = server_socket.accept()
sock.close()
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0)
server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
server_socket.bind(('127.0.0.1', 45454))
server_socket.listen(128)
if os.fork(): # Parent.
InfiniteServer(server_socket)
else:
addr = server_socket.getsockname()
server_socket.close()
InfiniteClient(addr)
使用NonBlockingConnect,大多数connect()操作都很快,但是每隔几秒就会发生一次connect()操作,至少需要2秒钟(由输出上的5个连续的P字母表示)。通过使用sock.connect而不是NonBlockingConnect,所有连接操作似乎都很快。
怎么可能摆脱这些慢连接()?
我正在使用标准PAE内核运行Ubuntu Karmic桌面:
Linux narancs 2.6.31-20-generic-pae #57-Ubuntu SMP Mon Feb 8 10:23:59 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux
strace -f ./conn.py没有延迟,这很奇怪。
奇怪的是,如果我取消对速度非常快的ѭ7,就没有延迟。
奇怪的是,我的Ubuntu Hardy系统没有延迟:
所有这些系统都受到影响(运行Ubuntu Karmic,Ubuntu Hardy,Debian Etch):
Linux narancs 2.6.31-20-generic-pae #57-Ubuntu SMP Mon Feb 8 10:23:59 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux
Linux t 2.6.24-grsec #1 SMP Thu Apr 24 14:15:58 CEST 2008 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Linux geekpad 2.6.24-24-generic #1 SMP Fri Sep 18 16:49:39 UTC 2009 i686 GNU/Linux
奇怪的是,以下Debian Lenny系统不受影响:
Linux t 2.6.31.5 #2 SMP Thu Nov 5 15:33:05 CET 2009 i686 GNU/Linux
FYI如果我使用AF_UNIX套接字,则没有延迟。
仅供参考我如果在C中实现客户端,我会得到相同的行为:
/* by pts@fazekas.hu at Sun Apr 25 20:47:24 CEST 2010 */
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
static int work(void) {
fd_set rset;
fd_set wset;
fd_set eset;
socklen_t sl;
struct timeval timeout;
struct sockaddr_in sa;
int sd, i, j;
long l;
sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sd < 0) {
perror("socket");
return 2;
}
l = fcntl(sd, F_GETFL, 0);
if (l < 0) {
perror("fcntl-getfl");
close(sd);
return 2;
}
if (0 != fcntl(sd, F_SETFL, l | O_NONBLOCK)) {
perror("fcntl-setfl");
close(sd);
return 2;
}
memset(&sa, ' ', sizeof(sa));
sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
sa.sin_port = htons(45454);
sa.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
while (0 != connect(sd, (struct sockaddr*)&sa, sizeof sa)) {
if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINPROGRESS && errno != EALREADY) {
perror("connect");
close(sd);
return 2;
}
FD_ZERO(&rset);
FD_ZERO(&wset);
FD_ZERO(&eset);
j = 0;
do {
timeout.tv_sec = 0;
timeout.tv_usec = 100 * 1000; /* 0.1 sec */
FD_SET(sd, &wset);
FD_SET(sd, &eset);
i = select(sd + 1, &rset, &wset, &eset, &timeout);
if (i < 0) {
perror("select");
close(sd);
return 2;
}
if (++j == 5) {
(void)write(2, "P", 1);
j = 0;
}
} while (i == 0);
sl = sizeof i;
if (0 != getsockopt(sd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &i, &sl)) {
perror("getsockopt");
close(sd);
return 2;
}
if (i != 0) {
if (i == ECONNRESET) {
(void)write(2, "R", 1);
close(sd);
return -3;
}
fprintf(stderr, "connect-SO_ERROR: %sn", strerror(i));
close(sd);
return 2;
}
}
close(sd);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char**argv) {
int i;
(void)argc;
(void)argv;
while ((i = work()) <= 0) (void)write(2, ".", 1);
return i;
}