oracle enq: tm,enq: TM - contention TM 等待事件的原因及模拟

近一个客户反映数据库在执行远程INSERT的时候应用反映很慢，在做AWR后发现enq: TM - contention等待事件很高，应该是外键约束上没有建立索引的问题。下面我来做个实验还原一下当时的现象。

CREATE TABLE supplier    (     supplier_id     number(10)     not null,        supplier_name     varchar2(50)     not null,        contact_name     varchar2(50),            CONSTRAINT supplier_pk PRIMARY KEY (supplier_id)    );

INSERT INTO supplier VALUES (1, 'Supplier 1', 'Contact 1');INSERT INTO supplier VALUES (2, 'Supplier 2', 'Contact 2');COMMIT;

CREATE TABLE product    (     product_id     number(10)     not null,        product_name    varchar2(50)    not null,        supplier_id     number(10)     not null,        CONSTRAINT fk_supplier          FOREIGN KEY (supplier_id)         REFERENCES supplier(supplier_id)         ON DELETE CASCADE    );

INSERT INTO product VALUES (1, 'Product 1', 1);INSERT INTO product VALUES (2, 'Product 2', 1);INSERT INTO product VALUES (3, 'Product 3', 2);COMMIT;

然后去执行几条相关的语句User 1: DELETE supplier WHERE supplier_id = 1;User 2: DELETE supplier WHERE supplier_id = 2;(现象HANG住)User 3: INSERT INTO supplier VALUES (5, 'Supplier 5', 'Contact 5');(现象HANG住)

现在检查锁的情况

col event format a20col type format a10col object_name a15col object_type a15SELECT l.sid, s.blocking_session blocker, s.event, l.type, l.lmode, l.request, o.object_name, o.object_typeFROM v$lock l, dba_objects o, v$session sWHERE UPPER(s.username) = UPPER('&User')AND   l.id1        = o.object_id (+)AND   l.sid        = s.sidORDER BY sid, type;输入 user 的值:  test原值    3: WHERE UPPER(s.username) = UPPER('&User')新值    3: WHERE UPPER(s.username) = UPPER('test')

SID    BLOCKER EVENT                TYPE            LMODE    REQUEST---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------OBJECT_NAME     OBJECT_TYPE--------------- ---------------       144        158 enq: TM - contention TM                  3          0SUPPLIER        TABLE

144        158 enq: TM - contention TM                  0          2PRODUCT         TABLE

153            SQL*Net message from TM                  3          0                       clientSUPPLIER        TABLE

SID    BLOCKER EVENT                TYPE            LMODE    REQUEST---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------OBJECT_NAME     OBJECT_TYPE--------------- ---------------

153            SQL*Net message from TM                  3          0                       clientPRODUCT         TABLE

153            SQL*Net message from TX                  6          0                       client

SID    BLOCKER EVENT                TYPE            LMODE    REQUEST---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------OBJECT_NAME     OBJECT_TYPE--------------- ---------------       158        153 enq: TM - contention TM                  0          5PRODUCT         TABLE

158        153 enq: TM - contention TM                  3          0SUPPLIER        TABLE

已选择7行。

SQL>

能看到enq: TM - contention TM  等待事件

检查没有索引的外键

SELECT * FROM (   SELECT c.table_name, cc.column_name, cc.position column_position   FROM   user_constraints c, user_cons_columns cc   WHERE  c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name   AND    c.constraint_type = 'R'   MINUS   SELECT i.table_name, ic.column_name, ic.column_position   FROM   user_indexes i, user_ind_columns ic   WHERE  i.index_name = ic.index_name   )ORDER BY table_name, column_position;TABLE_NAME------------------------------COLUMN_NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COLUMN_POSITION---------------PRODUCTSUPPLIER_ID              1

建立索引后：

CREATE INDEX fk_supplier ON product (supplier_id);

INSERT INTO supplier VALUES (6, 'Supplier 6', 'Contact 6');

INSERT INTO supplier VALUES (7, 'Supplier 7', 'Contact 7');

User 1: DELETE supplier WHERE supplier_id = 6;User 2: DELETE supplier WHERE supplier_id = 7;User 3: INSERT INTO supplier VALUES (8, 'Supplier 8', 'Contact 8');

相关的等待事件消失。