c语言计算机二级考试工程导入,08年计算机二级C语言：c#中高效的excel导入oracle的方法...

如何高效的将excel导入到oracle?SqlBulkCopy 导入到sqlserver对应,oracle也有自身的方法,只是稍微复杂些.

那就是使用oracle的sql*loader功能，而sqlldr只支持类似csv格式的数据，所以要自己把excel转换一下。

实现步骤：

用com组件读取excel-保存为csv格式-处理最后一个字段为null的情况和表头-根据excel结构建表-生成sqlldr的控制文件-用sqlldr命令导入数据

这个性能虽然没有sql的bcp快，但还是相当可观的，在我机器上1万多数据不到4秒，而且导入过程代码比较简单，也同样没有循环拼接sql插入那么难以维护。

这里也提个问题:处理csv文件的表头和最后一个字段为null的情况是否可以优化？

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using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

using System.Data.OleDb;

//引用-com-microsoft excel objects 11.0

namespace WindowsApplication5

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

///

/// excel导入到oracle

///

/// 文件名

/// sheet名

/// oracle命令sqlplus连接串

public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string sqlplusString)

{

string strTempDir = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(excelFile);

string strFileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(excelFile);

string strCsvPath = strTempDir +"\\"+strFileName + ".csv";

string strCtlPath = strTempDir + "\\" + strFileName + ".Ctl";

string strSqlPath = strTempDir + "\\" + strFileName + ".Sql";

if (System.IO.File.Exists(strCsvPath))

System.IO.File.Delete(strCsvPath);

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//获取excel对象

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application ObjExcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook ObjWorkBook;

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet ObjWorkSheet = null;

ObjWorkBook = ObjExcel.Workbooks.Open(excelFile, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

foreach (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet sheet in ObjWorkBook.Sheets)

{

if (sheet.Name.ToLower() == sheetName.ToLower())

{

ObjWorkSheet = sheet;

break;

}

}

if (ObjWorkSheet == null) throw new Exception(string.Format("{0} not found!!", sheetName));

//保存为csv临时文件

ObjWorkSheet.SaveAs(strCsvPath, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlFileFormat.xlCSV, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, false, false, false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, false);

ObjWorkBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

ObjExcel.Quit();

//读取csv文件，需要将表头去掉，并且将最后一列为null的字段处理为显示的null，否则oracle不会识别，这个步骤有没有好的替换方法?

System.IO.StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(strCsvPath,Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));

string strAll = reader.ReadToEnd();

reader.Close();

string strData = strAll.Substring(strAll.IndexOf("\r\n") + 2).Replace(",\r\n",",Null");

byte[] bytes = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strData);

System.IO.Stream ms = System.IO.File.Create(strCsvPath);

ms.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

ms.Close();

//获取excel表结构

string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";

OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);

conn.Open();

System.Data.DataTable table = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(System.Data.OleDb.OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns,

new object[] { null, null, sheetName+"$", null });

//生成sqlldr用到的控制文件,文件结构参考sql*loader功能，本示例已逗号分隔csv，数据带逗号的用引号括起来。

string strControl ="load data\r\ninfile '{0}' \r\nappend into table {1}\r\n"+

"FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '\"'\r\n(";

strControl = string.Format(strControl, strCsvPath,sheetName);

foreach (System.Data.DataRow drowColumns in table.Select("1=1", "Ordinal_Position"))

{

strControl += drowColumns["Column_Name"].ToString() + ",";

}

strControl = strControl.Substring(0, strControl.Length - 1) + ")";

bytes=System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strControl);

ms= System.IO.File.Create(strCtlPath);

ms.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

ms.Close();

[NextPage]

//生成初始化oracle表结构的文件

string strSql = @"drop table {0};

create table {0}

(";

strSql = string.Format(strSql, sheetName);

foreach (System.Data.DataRow drowColumns in table.Select("1=1", "Ordinal_Position"))

{

strSql += drowColumns["Column_Name"].ToString() + " varchar2(255),";

}

strSql = strSql.Substring(0, strSql.Length - 1) + ");\r\nexit;";

bytes = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strSql);

ms = System.IO.File.Create(strSqlPath);

ms.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

ms.Close();

//运行sqlplus，初始化表

System.Diagnostics.Process p = new System.Diagnostics.Process();

p.StartInfo = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo();

p.StartInfo.FileName = "sqlplus";

p.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format("{0} @{1}", sqlplusString, strSqlPath);

p.StartInfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;

p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

p.Start();

p.WaitForExit();

//运行sqlldr，导入数据

p = new System.Diagnostics.Process();

p.StartInfo = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo();

p.StartInfo.FileName = "sqlldr";

p.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format("{0} {1}", sqlplusString, strCtlPath);

p.StartInfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;

p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;

p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

p.Start();

System.IO.StreamReader r = p.StandardOutput;//截取输出流

string line = r.ReadLine();//每次读取一行

textBox3.Text += line + "\r\n";

while (!r.EndOfStream)

{

line = r.ReadLine();

textBox3.Text += line + "\r\n";

textBox3.Update();

}

p.WaitForExit();

//可以自行解决掉临时文件csv，ctl和sql，代码略去

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

TransferData(@"D:\test.xls", "Sheet1", "username/password@servicename");

}

}

}