java xml 管理系统_Java语言制作基于XML和Xpath的简易数据管理系统

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一、目标

用xml和Xapth做一个简单的数据管理系统，对数据的进行简单的增、删、改、查询操作。如做一个简单的班级学生信息管理系统：

二、环境及开发工具

环境：Java

工具：EcliPSe

开发包：如图

三、原理

dom4j是一个Java的XML API，类似于jdom，用来读写XML文件的。dom4j是一个非常非常优秀的Java XML API，具有性能优异、功能强大和极端易用使用的特点，同时它也是一个开放源代码的软件，可以在SourceForge上找到它。

XPath 是一门在 XML 文档中查找信息的语言。XPath 用于在 XML 文档中通过元素和属性进行导航。XPath 使用路径表达式在 XML 文档中选取节点。节点是通过沿着路径或者 step 来选取的。

用Xpath定位到相应节点，用dom4j进行增、删、改。

四，类分析，如下图：

addframe：执行添加操作时显示的界面。

allfunction：对xml操作各功能的实现。

alterframe：执行修改操作时显示的界面。

deleteframe：执行删除操作时显示的界面。

mainframe：主界面

queryframe：执行查询操作时显示的界面。

五、主要实现如下：import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.FileWriter;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.xpath.*;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import javax.xml.xpath.*;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;

import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

/**

* @author ncw

* create the function

*/

public class allfunction

{

/*

* 获取全部信息

*/

public String getall(){

String allinformation="";

try

{

SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();

//saxReader.setEncoding("UTF-8");

Document document = saxReader.read(new java.io.File("manage.xml"));

List academylist = document.selectNodes("/school/academy" );

for(int i=0;i

{

Element academyElement = (Element)academylist.get(i);

allinformation=allinformation+academyElement.attribute("aid").getValue();

allinformation+=" 学院: "+"\n";

Iterator classiterator = academyElement.elementIterator("class");

while(classiterator.hasNext())

{

Element classElement = (Element)classiterator.next();

allinformation+=classElement.attribute("cid").getValue();

allinformation+=" 班级: "+"\n";

Iterator studentiterator = classElement.elementIterator("student");

while(studentiterator.hasNext())

{

Element studentElement=(Element)studentiterator.next();

allinformation+="姓名：";

allinformation+=studentElement.elementText("name");

allinformation+=" 性别：";

allinformation+=studentElement.elementText("sex");

allinformation+=" 年龄：";

allinformation+=studentElement.elementText("age");

allinformation+=" 成绩：";

allinformation+=studentElement.elementText("grade");

allinformation+="\n";

}

}

}

}catch(Exception ex)

{

ex.printStackTrace();

}

return allinformation;

}

/*

* 获得一个学生的信息

*/

public String getperson(String name)

{

String person="";

try

{

SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();

Document document = saxReader.read(new java.io.File("manage.xml"));

List classlist = document.selectNodes("/school/academy/class" );

Iterator classiterator = classlist.iterator();

while(classiterator.hasNext())

{

Element classElement = (Element)classiterator.next();

Iterator studentiterator = classElement.elementIterator("student");

while(studentiterator.hasNext())

{

Element studentElement=(Element)studentiterator.next();

if(studentElement.elementText("name").equals(name))

{

person+="学院："+classElement.getParent().attributeValue("aid")+"\n";

person+="班级:"+classElement.attributeValue("cid")+"\n";

person+="姓名："+studentElement.elementText("name");

person+=" 性别："+studentElement.elementText("sex");

person+=" 年龄："+studentElement.elementText("age");

person+=" 成绩："+studentElement.elementText("grade");

}

}

}

}catch(Exception ex)

{

ex.printStackTrace();

}

return person;

}

/*

* 删除一个学生的信息

*/

public boolean delete(String name)

{

boolean deleted=false;

try

{

SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();

Document document = saxReader.read(new java.io.File("manage.xml"));

List classlist = document.selectNodes("/school/academy/class");

Iterator classiterator = classlist.iterator();

while(classiterator.hasNext())

{

Element classElement = (Element)classiterator.next();

Iterator studentiterator = classElement.elementIterator("student");

while(studentiterator.hasNext())

{

Element studentElement=(Element)studentiterator.next();

if(studentElement.elementText("name").equals(name))

{

classElement.remove(studentElement);

deleted=true;

}

}

}

try{

/** 格式化输出,类型IE浏览一样 */

OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();

/** 指定XML编码 */

format.setEncoding("GBK");

/** 将document中的内容写入文件中 */

// XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File(newfilename)),format);

//保证编码为UTF-8，支持中文写入

XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(new File("manage.xml")),format);

writer.write(document);

writer.close();

}catch(Exception ex){

ex.printStackTrace();

}

}catch(Exception ex)

{

ex.printStackTrace();

}

return deleted;

}

/*

* 修改一个学生的信息

*/

public boolean alter(String aid,String cid,String name,String sex,String age,String grade)

{

boolean altered=false;

try{

/*

aid=new String(aid.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

cid=new String(cid.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

name=new String(name.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

sex=new String(sex.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

age=new String(age.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

grade=new String(grade.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

*/

SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();

Document document = saxReader.read(new java.io.File("manage.xml"));

List academylist = document.selectNodes("/school/academy" );

Iterator academyiterator = academylist.iterator();

while(academyiterator.hasNext())

{

Element academyElement = (Element) academyiterator.next();

if(academyElement.attribute("aid").getValue().equals(aid));

Iterator classiterator = academyElement.elementIterator("class");

while(classiterator.hasNext())

{

Element classElement = (Element)classiterator.next();

if(classElement.attribute("cid").getValue().equals(cid));

Iterator studentiterator = classElement.elementIterator("student");

while(studentiterator.hasNext())

{

Element studentElement=(Element)studentiterator.next();

if(studentElement.elementText("name").equals(name))

{

Element sexElement=studentElement.element("sex");

sexElement.setText(sex);

Element ageElement=studentElement.element("age");

ageElement.setText(age);

Element gradeElement=studentElement.element("grade");

gradeElement.setText(grade);

altered=true;

}

}

}

}

try{

/** 格式化输出,类型IE浏览一样 */

OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();

/** 指定XML编码 */

format.setEncoding("GBK");

/** 将document中的内容写入文件中 */

// XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File(newfilename)),format);

//保证编码为UTF-8，支持中文写入

XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(new File("manage.xml")),format);

writer.write(document);

writer.close();

}catch(Exception ex){

ex.printStackTrace();

}

}catch(Exception ex)

{

ex.printStackTrace();

}

return altered;

}

/*

* 添加一个学生的信息

*/

public boolean add(String aid,String cid,String name,String sex,String age,String grade)

{

boolean add = false;

try {

/*

aid=new String(aid.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

cid=new String(cid.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

name=new String(name.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

sex=new String(sex.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

age=new String(age.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

grade=new String(grade.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

*/

SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();

Document document = saxReader.read(new java.io.File("manage.xml"));

List academylist = document.selectNodes("/school/academy");

Iterator academyiterator = academylist.iterator();

while (academyiterator.hasNext())

{

Element academyElement = (Element) academyiterator.next();

if (academyElement.attribute("aid").getValue().equals(aid))

{

Iterator classiterator = academyElement.elementIterator("class");

while (classiterator.hasNext())

{

Element classElement = (Element) classiterator.next();

if (classElement.attribute("cid").getValue().equals(cid))

{

Element studentElement = classElement.addElement("student");

Element nameElement = studentElement.addElement("name");

nameElement.setText(name);

Element sexElement = studentElement.addElement("sex");

sexElement.setText(sex);

Element ageElement = studentElement.addElement("age");

ageElement.setText(age);

Element gradeElement = studentElement.addElement("grade");

gradeElement.setText(grade);

add = true;

}

}

}

}

try{

/** 格式化输出,类型IE浏览一样 */

OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();

/** 指定XML编码 */

format.setEncoding("GBK");

/** 将document中的内容写入文件中 */

// XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File(newfilename)),format);

//保证编码为UTF-8，支持中文写入

XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(new File("manage.xml")),format);

writer.write(document);

writer.close();

}catch(Exception ex){

ex.printStackTrace();

}

}catch(Exception ex)

{

ex.printStackTrace();

}

return add;

}

}

alterframe   deleteframe  mainframe   queryframe等类则实现相应的界面显示。

相应xml结构如下：

六：总结：

1 功能简单，操作不够灵活

2 在对数据的读入与存储上有待改进。