java 超出 xmx 设置,JVM超出了使用-Xmx定义的最大内存

We have a Java webapp that we upgraded from Java 1.5.0.19 to Java 1.6.0.21

/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_21/bin/java -server -Xms2000m -Xmx3000m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dwg.environment=production -Djava.io.tmpdir=/var/cache/jetty -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=31377 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=true -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=/tmp/webapp -Dprogram.name=run.sh -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/opt/3p/jboss/lib/endorsed -classpath /opt/3p/jboss/bin/run.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_21/lib/tools.jar org.jboss.Main -c default

As you can see it should preallocate 2GB of heap and max out at 3GB (why we preallocate so much is because this app is ancient and poorly designed so has a ton of things to load up). The issue we have seen recently after upgrading to the 1.6 is that on occasion memory goes through the roof. While memory usage is likely an app issue the JVM is exceeding the 3GB max setup for heap. Using top I see:

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND

8449 apache 18 0 19.6g 6.9g 5648 S 4.0 84.8 80:42.27 java

So how could a JVM with 3GB heap, 256MB permgen, and even some overhead consume 6.9GB? Bug in the JVM that would be fixed by upgrading to build #35? Something missing on what in java could be using the extra memory? Just trying to see if anyone has seen this before.

解决方案

So how could a JVM with 3GB heap, 256MB permgen, and even some overhead consume 6.9GB?

Possible explanations include:

lots and lots of thread stacks,

memory-mapped files that are not being closed when they should be,

some native code library using (possibly leaking) out-of-heap memory.

I would be inclined to blame the application before blaming the JVM.