android usb 开个电灯,一步一步教你简单完成 Android USB开发

项目中有一个新的需求，要求可以连接一个USB体温枪，APP可以从体温枪中读取到体温数据，一番搜寻之后发现一个封装很棒的USB通信库。

github地址：usb-serial-for-android

准备工作

从 github 上 clone 这个库的源文件

在Android Studio中引入模块

在build.gradle中添加依赖compile project(path: ':usbSerialForAndroid')

复制 device_filter.xml 到项目的 res/xml/ 文件夹下

配置 AndroidManifest.xml 文件

android:name="..."

...>

android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"

android:resource="@xml/device_filter" />

使用

示例代码解析：

// 获取系统服务得到UsbManager实例

UsbManager manager = (UsbManager) getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);

//查找所有插入的设备

List availableDrivers = UsbSerialProber.getDefaultProber().findAllDrivers(manager);

if (availableDrivers.isEmpty()) {

return;

}

// 打开设备，建立通信连接

UsbSerialDriver driver = availableDrivers.get(0);

UsbDeviceConnection connection = manager.openDevice(driver.getDevice());

if (connection == null) {

// You probably need to call UsbManager.requestPermission(driver.getDevice(), ..)

return;

}

//打开端口，设置端口参数，读取数据

UsbSerialPort port = driver.getPorts().get(0);

try {

port.open(connection);

//四个参数分别是：波特率，数据位，停止位，校验位

port.setParameters(115200, 8, UsbSerialPort.STOPBITS_1, UsbSerialPort.PARITY_NONE);

byte buffer[] = new byte[16];

int numBytesRead = port.read(buffer, 1000);

Log.d(TAG, "Read " + numBytesRead + " bytes.");

} catch (IOException e) {

// Deal with error.

} finally {

port.close();

}

上述代码是库作者写的一段示例代码，可以看出使用上非常简单，下面的代码演示了如何将USB操作都封装到一个类里。

public class TemperatureUsbControl {

private static final String TAG = TemperatureUsbControl.class.getSimpleName();

private static final String TEMPERATURE_USB_VENDOR_ID = "067B"; //供应商id

private static final String TEMPERATURE_USB_PRODUCT_ID = "2303"; //产品id

private Context mContext;

private UsbManager mUsbManager; //USB管理器

private UsbSerialPort sTemperatureUsbPort = null; //接体温枪的usb端口

private SerialInputOutputManager mSerialIoManager; //输入输出管理器(本质是一个Runnable)

private final ExecutorService mExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(); //用于不断从端口读取数据

//数据输入输出监听器

private final SerialInputOutputManager.Listener mListener =

new SerialInputOutputManager.Listener() {

@Override

public void onRunError(Exception e) {

Log.d(TAG, "Runner stopped.");

}

@Override

public void onNewData(final byte[] data) {

Log.d(TAG, "new data.");

}

};

public TemperatureUsbControl(Context context) {

mContext = context;

}

public void initUsbControl() {

mUsbManager = (UsbManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);

//全部设备

List usbSerialDrivers = UsbSerialProber.getDefaultProber().findAllDrivers(mUsbManager);

//全部端口

List usbSerialPorts = new ArrayList();

for (UsbSerialDriver driver : usbSerialDrivers) {

List ports = driver.getPorts();

Log.d(TAG, String.format("+ %s: %s port%s",

driver, Integer.valueOf(ports.size()), ports.size() == 1 ? "" : "s"));

usbSerialPorts.addAll(ports);

}

String vendorId;

String productId;

//校验设备，设备是 2303设备

for (UsbSerialPort port : usbSerialPorts) {

UsbSerialDriver driver = port.getDriver();

UsbDevice device = driver.getDevice();

vendorId = HexDump.toHexString((short) device.getVendorId());

productId = HexDump.toHexString((short) device.getProductId());

if (vendorId.equals(TEMPERATURE_USB_VENDOR_ID) && productId.equals(TEMPERATURE_USB_PRODUCT_ID)) {

sTemperatureUsbPort = port;

}

}

if (sTemperatureUsbPort != null) {

//成功获取端口，打开连接

UsbDeviceConnection connection = mUsbManager.openDevice(sTemperatureUsbPort.getDriver().getDevice());

if (connection == null) {

Log.e(TAG, "Opening device failed");

return;

}

try {

sTemperatureUsbPort.open(connection);

//设置波特率

sTemperatureUsbPort.setParameters(4800, 8, UsbSerialPort.STOPBITS_1, UsbSerialPort.PARITY_NONE);

} catch (IOException e) {

//打开端口失败，关闭！

Log.e(TAG, "Error setting up device: " + e.getMessage(), e);

try {

sTemperatureUsbPort.close();

} catch (IOException e2) {

// Ignore.

}

sTemperatureUsbPort = null;

return;

}

} else {

//提示未检测到设备

}

}

public void onDeviceStateChange() {

//重新开启USB管理器

stopIoManager();

startIoManager();

}

private void startIoManager() {

if (sTemperatureUsbPort != null) {

Log.i(TAG, "Starting io manager ..");

mSerialIoManager = new SerialInputOutputManager(sTemperatureUsbPort, mListener);

mExecutor.submit(mSerialIoManager); //实质是用一个线程不断读取USB端口

}

}

private void stopIoManager() {

if (mSerialIoManager != null) {

Log.i(TAG, "Stopping io manager ..");

mSerialIoManager.stop();

mSerialIoManager = null;

}

}

public void onPause() {

stopIoManager();

if (sTemperatureUsbPort != null) {

try {

sTemperatureUsbPort.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

// Ignore.

}

sTemperatureUsbPort = null;

}

}

}

在Activity中使用：

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_punch);

initUsbControl(); //初始化USB控制器

}

/**

* 初始化USB

*/

private void initUsbControl() {

mTemperatureUsbControl = new TemperatureUsbControl(mContext);

mTemperatureUsbControl.initUsbControl();

}

@Override

protected void onResume() {

super.onResume();

IntentFilter usbFilter = new IntentFilter();

usbFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED);

usbFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED);

registerReceiver(mUsbReceiver, usbFilter);

mTemperatureUsbControl.onDeviceStateChange();

}

@Override

protected void onPause() {

super.onPause();

mTemperatureUsbControl.onPause();

unregisterReceiver(mUsbReceiver);

}

/**

* 用于检测usb插入状态的BroadcasReceiver

*/

private final BroadcastReceiver mUsbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

String action = intent.getAction();

if (UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED.equals(action)) {

//设备插入

mTemperatureUsbControl.initUsbControl();

mTemperatureUsbControl.onDeviceStateChange();

Log.e(TAG, "ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED");

} else if (UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED.equals(action)) {

//设备移除

mTemperatureUsbControl.onPause();

Log.e(TAG, "ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED");

}

}

};

读到的数据如果需要在Activity中使用，可以使用EventBus来完成~