本文介绍了多种使用Java实现网络探测的方法，包括：1) 使用纯Java实现ICMP的ping命令；2) 调用外部exe执行ping；3) 利用JDK 1.5及以上版本的`InetAddress.isReachable`进行ICMP Ping；4) 直接调用CMD执行ping；5) 模拟ping操作；6) 模拟telnet连接。通过这些示例，开发者可以在Java中实现网络可达性的检测。
一、纯Java实现ICMP的ping命令
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class Ping {
static int
DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
static int
port = DAYTIME_PORT;
static class
Target {
InetSocketAddress address;
SocketChannel channel;
Exception failure;
long connectStart;
long connectFinish = 0;
boolean shown = false;
Target(String host) {
try {
address = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host),
port);
} catch (IOException x) {
failure = x;
}
}
void show() {
String result;
if (connectFinish != 0)
result = Long.toString(connectFinish - connectStart) + "ms";
else if (failure != null)
result = failure.toString();
else
result = "Timed out";
System.out.println(address + " : " + result);
shown = true;
}
}
static class
Printer extends Thread {
LinkedList pending = new LinkedList();
Printer() {
setName("Printer");
setDaemon(true);
}
void add(Target t) {
synchronized (pending) {
pending.add(t);
pending.notify();
}
}
public void run() {
try {
for (;;) {
Target t = null;
synchronized (pending) {
while (pending.size() == 0)
pending.wait();
t = (Target) pending.removeFirst();
}
t.show();
}
} catch (InterruptedException x) {
return;
}
}
}
static class
Connector extends Thread {
Selector sel;
Printer printer;
LinkedList pending = new LinkedList();
Connector(Printer pr) throws IOException {
printer = pr;
sel = Selector.open();
setName("Connector");
}
void add(Target t) {
SocketChannel sc = null;
try {
sc = SocketChannel.open();
sc.configureBlocking(false);
boolean connected = sc.connect(t.address);
t.channel = sc;
t.connectStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (connected) {
t.connectFinish = t.connectStart;
sc.close();
printer.add(t);
} else {
synchronized (pending) {
pending.add(t);
}
sel.wakeup();
}
} catch (IOException x) {
if (sc != null) {
try {
sc.close();
} catch (IOException xx) {
}
}
t.failure = x;
printer.add(t);
}
}
void processPendingTargets() throws IOException {
synchronized (pending) {
while (pending.size() > 0) {
Target t = (Target) pending.removeFirst();
try {
t.channel.register(sel, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT, t);
} catch (IOException x) {
t.channel.close();
t.failure = x;
printer.add(t);
}
}
}
}
void processSelectedKeys() throws IOException {
for (Iterator i = sel.selectedKeys().iterator(); i.hasNext();)
{
SelectionKey sk = (SelectionKey) i.next();
i.remove();
Target t = (Target) sk.attachment();
SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) sk.channel();
try {
if (sc.finishConnect()) {
sk.cancel();
t.connectFinish = System.currentTimeMillis();
sc.close();
printer.add(t);
}
} catch (IOException x) {
sc.close();
t.failure = x;
printer.add(t);
}
}
}
volatile boolean shutdown = false;
void shutdown() {
shutdown = true;
sel.wakeup();
}
public void run() {
for (;;) {
try {
int n = sel.select();
if (n > 0)
processSelectedKeys();
processPendingTargets();
if (shutdown) {
sel.close();
return;
}
} catch (IOException x) {
x.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public
static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,
IOException {
args = new String[] { "8888", "192.168.10.193" };
if (args.length < 1) {
System.err.println("Usage: java Ping [port] host...");
return;
}
int firstArg = 0;
if (Pattern.matches("[0-9]+", args[0])) {
port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
firstArg = 1;
}
Printer printer = new Printer();
printer.start();
Connector connector = new Connector(printer);
connector.start();
LinkedList targets = new LinkedList();
for (int i = firstArg; i < args.length; i++) {
Target t = new Target(args[i]);
targets.add(t);
connector.add(t);
}
Thread.sleep(2000);
connector.shutdown();
connector.join();
for (Iterator i = targets.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
Target t = (Target) i.next();
if (!t.shown)
t.show();
}
}
}
二、JAVA调用外部EXE实现PING功能
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;
public class Ping {
public
Ping() {
}
public
static void main(String args[])
{
if (args.length < 1)
{
System.out.println("syntax Error!");
}
else
{
String line = null;
try
{
Process pro = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ping " + args[0]);
BufferedReader buf = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream()));
while((line = buf.readLine()) != null)
System.out.println(line);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
三、ICMP Ping in Java(JDK 1.5 and
above)
Programatically using ICMP Ping is a great way to establish that a
server is up and running. Previously you couldn't do ICMP ping
(what ping command does in Linux/Unix & Windows) in
java without using JNI or exec calls. Here is a simple and reliable
method to do ICMP pings in Java without using JNI or
NIO.
String host = "172.16.0.2"
int timeOut = 3000; // I recommend 3 seconds at least
boolean status =
InetAddress.getByName(host).isReachable(timeOut)
status is true if the machine is reachable by ping; false
otherwise. Best effort is made to try to reach the host, but
firewalls and server configuration may block requests resulting in
a unreachable status while some specific ports may be accessible. A
typical implementation will use ICMP ECHO REQUESTs if the privilege
can be obtained, otherwise it will try to establish a TCP
connection on port 7 (Echo) of the destination host.
In Linux/Unix you may have to suid the java
executable to get ICMP Ping working, ECHO REQUESTs will be fine
even without suid. However on Windows you can get ICMP Ping without
any issues whatsoever.
四、最简单的办法，直接调用CMD
try
{
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c start ping 127.0.0.1");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
}
ping的过程可以显示在本地的办法
import java.io.*;
public class Ping
{
public
static void main(String args[])
{
String line = null;
try
{
Process pro = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ping 127.0.0.1 ");
BufferedReader buf = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream()));
while ((line = buf.readLine()) != null)
System.out.println(line);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
}
}
}
五、模拟PING
利用InetAddress的isReachable方法可以实现ping的功能，里面参数设定超时时间，返回结果表示是否连上
try {
InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.0.113");
System.out.println(address.isReachable(5000));
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
六、模拟TELNET
利用Socket的connect(SocketAddress endpoint, int
timeout)方法可以实现telnet的功能，如果catch到异常说明telnet失败
try {
Socket server = new Socket();
InetSocketAddress address = new
InetSocketAddress("192.168.0.113",
8080);
server.connect(address, 5000);
server.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e){
System.out.println("telnet失败");
} catch (IOException e){
System.out.println("telnet失败");
}
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