3.8.1. 目的
构建一个清晰的业务规则规范,其中每条规则都能被针对性地检查。每个规范类中都有一个称为isSatisfiedBy的方法,方法判断给定的规则是否满足规范从而返回 true 或 false。
3.8.2. 例子
3.8.3. UML Diagram
3.8.4. Code
你可以在 GitHub 中找到这段代码。
Item.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification;
class Item
{
/**
* @var float
*/
private $price;
public function __construct(float $price)
{
$this->price = $price;
}
public function getPrice(): float
{
return $this->price;
}
}
SpecificationInterface.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification;
interface SpecificationInterface
{
public function isSatisfiedBy(Item $item): bool;
}
OrSpecification.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification;
class OrSpecification implements SpecificationInterface
{
/**
* @var SpecificationInterface[]
*/
private $specifications;
/**
* @param SpecificationInterface[] ...$specifications
*/
public function __construct(SpecificationInterface ...$specifications)
{
$this->specifications = $specifications;
}
/**
* 如果有一条规则符合条件,返回 true,否则返回 false
*/
public function isSatisfiedBy(Item $item): bool
{
foreach ($this->specifications as $specification) {
if ($specification->isSatisfiedBy($item)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
PriceSpecification.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification;
class PriceSpecification implements SpecificationInterface
{
/**
* @var float|null
*/
private $maxPrice;
/**
* @var float|null
*/
private $minPrice;
/**
* @param float $minPrice
* @param float $maxPrice
*/
public function __construct($minPrice, $maxPrice)
{
$this->minPrice = $minPrice;
$this->maxPrice = $maxPrice;
}
public function isSatisfiedBy(Item $item): bool
{
if ($this->maxPrice !== null && $item->getPrice() > $this->maxPrice) {
return false;
}
if ($this->minPrice !== null && $item->getPrice() < $this->minPrice) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
AndSpecification.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification;
class AndSpecification implements SpecificationInterface
{
/**
* @var SpecificationInterface[]
*/
private $specifications;
/**
* @param SpecificationInterface[] ...$specifications
*/
public function __construct(SpecificationInterface ...$specifications)
{
$this->specifications = $specifications;
}
/**
* 如果有一条规则不符合条件,返回 false,否则返回 true
*/
public function isSatisfiedBy(Item $item): bool
{
foreach ($this->specifications as $specification) {
if (!$specification->isSatisfiedBy($item)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
NotSpecification.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification;
class NotSpecification implements SpecificationInterface
{
/**
* @var SpecificationInterface
*/
private $specification;
public function __construct(SpecificationInterface $specification)
{
$this->specification = $specification;
}
public function isSatisfiedBy(Item $item): bool
{
return !$this->specification->isSatisfiedBy($item);
}
}
3.8.5. Test
Tests/SpecificationTest.php
namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification\Tests;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification\Item;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification\NotSpecification;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification\OrSpecification;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification\AndSpecification;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Specification\PriceSpecification;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
class SpecificationTest extends TestCase
{
public function testCanOr()
{
$spec1 = new PriceSpecification(50, 99);
$spec2 = new PriceSpecification(101, 200);
$orSpec = new OrSpecification($spec1, $spec2);
$this->assertFalse($orSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(100)));
$this->assertTrue($orSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(51)));
$this->assertTrue($orSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(150)));
}
public function testCanAnd()
{
$spec1 = new PriceSpecification(50, 100);
$spec2 = new PriceSpecification(80, 200);
$andSpec = new AndSpecification($spec1, $spec2);
$this->assertFalse($andSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(150)));
$this->assertFalse($andSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(1)));
$this->assertFalse($andSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(51)));
$this->assertTrue($andSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(100)));
}
public function testCanNot()
{
$spec1 = new PriceSpecification(50, 100);
$notSpec = new NotSpecification($spec1);
$this->assertTrue($notSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(150)));
$this->assertFalse($notSpec->isSatisfiedBy(new Item(50)));
}
}