swift枚举

1、枚举的使用

//枚举
enum Direction {
    case sorth
    case north
    case west,east
}

var direction = Direction.east
print(direction)

switch direction {
case .sorth:
    print("sorth")
default:
    print("other")
}

//MemoryLayout  stride分配占用空间大小, size实际占用的空间大小, alignment对齐参数
print("Direction内存",MemoryLayout<Direction>.stride,MemoryLayout<Direction>.size,MemoryLayout<Direction>.alignment)
//打印结果 Direction内存 1 1 1  

2、关联值

将枚举的成员值和其他类型的值关联在一起

enum DateEnum {
    case digist(year: Int, month: Int, day: Int)
    case string(String)
    case num(Int,Int,Int)
}
var date = DateEnum.digist(year: 2020, month: 1, day: 1)
date = .string("2020-1-1")

switch date {
    //关联值可以为 let 也可以为 var
case let .digist(year: year, month: month, day: day):
    print(year,month,day)
case .string(var str):
    str += "12"
    print(str)
case .num(let year,let month,let day):
    print(year,month,day)
}

3、原始值

枚举成员可以使用相同类型的默认值设置预先对应，这个默认值叫做原始值。

//原始值
enum CharacterEnum : Character {
    case chara1 = "A"
    case chara2 = "@"
    case chara3 = "$"
}
//隐式原始值:当枚举为 Int,String时,swift会自动分配原始值
enum Week : Int {
    case mon,thu,thir,fri
}
//上下两个等价
//enum Week : Int {
//    case mon = 0
//    case thu = 1
//    case thir = 2
//    case fri = 3
//}

enum Season : String {
    case spring,winter,summer,autumn
}
//上下两个等价
//enum Season : String {
//    case spring = "spring"
//    case winter = "winter"
//    case summer = "summer"
//    case autumn = "autumn"
//}

enum Week : Int {
    case mon,thu,thir,fri
}

enum TestEnum {
    case test1(Int,Int,Int)
    case test2(Int,Int)
    case test3(Int)
    case test4(Bool)
    case test5
}

//原始值不占用枚举的内存空间
var thu = Week.thu
print("thu内存地址",Mems.ptr(ofVal: &thu)) //内存地址0x000000010000fba1  存放数据0x01
print("Week内存",MemoryLayout<Week>.stride,MemoryLayout<Week>.size,MemoryLayout<Week>.alignment)
//Week内存 1 1 1
var test1 = TestEnum.test1(1, 2, 3)
print("test1内存地址",Mems.ptr(ofVal: &test1)) //0x000000010000fba8  存放数据0x0000000000000001 0x0000000000000002 0x0000000000000003
print("TestEnum内存",MemoryLayout<TestEnum>.stride,MemoryLayout<TestEnum>.size,MemoryLayout<TestEnum>.alignment)
//TestEnum内存 32 25 8

注：原始值不占用枚举的内存空间