matlab noholes,[转载]MATLAB图像处理(1)

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%测量交角(线性拟合的思想)

%Step 1: Load image %Step 2: Extract the region of

interest %Step 3: Threshold the image %Step 4: Find initial point on each

boundary %Step 5: Trace the boundaries %Step 6: Fit lines to the boundaries %Step 7: Find the angle of

intersection %Step 8: Find the point of

intersection %Step 9: Plot the results.

clc;clear;close all;

%Step 1: Load image RGB = imread('gantrycrane.png');

imshow(RGB);

%Step 2: Extract the region of interest

% pixel information displayed by imview

start_row = 34;

start_col = 208;

cropRGB = RGB(start_row:163, start_col:400, :);

figure, imshow(cropRGB)

% Store (X,Y) offsets for later use; subtract 1 so that each offset

will

% correspond to the last pixel before the region of interest

offsetX = start_col-1;

offsetY = start_row-1;

%Step 3: Threshold the image

I = rgb2gray(cropRGB);

threshold = graythresh(I);

BW = im2bw(I,threshold);

BW = ~BW; %

complement the image (objects of interest must be white)

figure, imshow(BW)

%Step 4: Find initial point on each

boundary dim = size(BW);

% horizontal beam

col1 = 4;

row1 = min(find(BW(:,col1)));

% angled beam

row2 = 12;

col2 = min(find(BW(row2,:)));

%Step 5: Trace the boundaries boundary1 = bwtraceboundary(BW, [row1, col1], 'N', 8, 70);

% set the search direction to counterclockwise, in order to trace

downward.

boundary2 = bwtraceboundary(BW, [row2, col2], 'E', 8,

90,'counter');

figure, imshow(RGB); hold on;

% apply offsets in order to draw in the original image

plot(offsetX+boundary1(:,2),offsetY+boundary1(:,1),'g','LineWidth',2);

plot(offsetX+boundary2(:,2),offsetY+boundary2(:,1),'g','LineWidth',2);

%Step 6: Fit lines to the boundaries ab1 = polyfit(boundary1(:,2), boundary1(:,1), 1);

ab2 = polyfit(boundary2(:,2), boundary2(:,1), 1);

%Step 7: Find the angle of

intersection vect1 = [1 ab1(1)]; % create a vector based on the line

equation

vect2 = [1 ab2(1)];

dp = dot(vect1, vect2);

% compute vector lengths

length1 = sqrt(sum(vect1.^2));

length2 = sqrt(sum(vect2.^2));

% obtain the larger angle of intersection in degrees

angle = 180-acos(dp/(length1*length2))*180/pi

%Step 8: Find the point of

intersection intersection = [1 ,-ab1(1); 1, -ab2(1)] [ab1(2); ab2(2)];

% apply offsets in order to compute the location in the

original,

% i.e. not cropped, image.

intersection = intersection + [offsetY; offsetX]

%Step 9: Plot the results.

inter_x = intersection(2);

inter_y = intersection(1);

% draw an "X" at the point of intersection

plot(inter_x,inter_y,'yx','LineWidth',2);

text(inter_x-60, inter_y-30,

[sprintf('%1.3f',angle),'{circ}'],...

'Color','y','FontSize',14,'FontWeight','bold');

interString = sprintf('(%2.1f,%2.1f)', inter_x, inter_y);

text(inter_x-10, inter_y+20, interString,...

'Color','y','FontSize',14,'FontWeight','bold');

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%检测一段圆弧的半径(圆形拟合)

%Step 1: Read image %Step 2: Threshold the image %Step 3: Extract initial boundary point

location %Step 4: Trace the boundaries %Step 5: Fit a circle to the boundary

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06.6.23基于特征的与运算

>> load imdemos dots box

>> imshow(dots)

>> figure,imshow(box)

>>

logical_and=box&dots;

>> imshow(logical_and);

>> [r,c]=find(logical_and);

>>

feature_and=bwselect(dots,c,r);

>> figure,imshow(feature_and);

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%利用逻辑运算，提取含有细胞核的细胞

load imdemos bacteria;

imshow(bacteria);

bact_bw=(bacteria>=100);

%figure,imshow(bact_bw);

bact_bw=~bact_bw;

figure,imshow(bact_bw); %直接二值取反

figure,imshow(bact_bw)

%细胞和细胞核重叠在一起，无法区分

%进行Laplace算子滤波，突出核与胞的区别

filtered=filter2(fspecial('laplacian'),bacteria);

>>

figure,imshow(filtered) %先拉氏滤波

>>

bact_granules=(filtered>-4);

figure,imshow(bact_granules); %“－4”运算

bact_granules=bact_granules&bact_bw; %特征与运算

figure,imshow(bact_granules);

erode_bw=erode(bact_bw); %

%figure,imshow(erode_bw);

nobord=imclearborder(erode_bw); %

fill_bw=imfill(nobord,'holes');

figure,imshow(fill_bw);

%fill_bw=bwfill(erode_bw,'holes');

%figure,imshow(fill_bw);

bact_granules_0=(bact_granules==0); %判0运算的结果,等价与

figure,imshow(bact_granules_0); %下边的取反运算！

�ct_granules_anti=~bact_granules;

%figure,imshow(bact_granules_anti);

>>

granules=fill_bw&bact_granules_0;

%尽可能多地把“核”提取出来

>> figure,imshow(granules)

>> [r,c]=find(granules);

>>

result=bwselect(bact_bw,c,r);

>> figure,imshow(bacteria);

>> figure,imshow(result)

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06.7.15

%按顺序标记每一个连通区域

clc;clear;close all;

%Step 1: Read image %Step 2: Threshold the image %Step 3: Remove the noise %Step 4: Find the boundaries %Step 5: Determine which objects are round

>> RGB =

imread('pillsetc.png');

>> imshow(RGB)

>> I = rgb2gray(RGB);

>> threshold = graythresh(I);

>> bw = im2bw(I,threshold);

>> bw = bwareaopen(bw,30);

>> se = strel('disk',2);

>> bw = imclose(bw,se);

>> bw = imfill(bw,'holes');

>> [B,L] =

bwboundaries(bw,'noholes');

>> figure,imshow(label2rgb(L, @jet,

[.5 .5 .5]))

>> hold on

>> data=regionprops(L,'all');

>> centr=[data.Centroid]; %标记在重心上

>>

nums=1:length(B); %需要标记的物体个数

for k = 1:length(B)

boundary =

B{k};

plot(boundary(:,2), boundary(:,1), 'w', 'LineWidth', 2)

signal=num2str(nums(k));

text(centr(2*k-1),centr(2*k),signal) %按序标记物体

end

for k=1:length(B) %画出每个区域的最小凸边形

plot(data(k).ConvexHull(:,1),data(k).ConvexHull(:,2),'b','LineWidth',2)

end

>> stats =

regionprops(L,'Area','Centroid');

>> stats =

regionprops(L,'Area','Centroid');

threshold = 0.94;

for k = 1:length(B)

boundary =

B{k};

delta_sq =

diff(boundary).^2; perimeter =

sum(sqrt(sum(delta_sq,2)));

area =

stats(k).Area;

metric =

4*pi*area/perimeter^2;

metric_string =

sprintf('%2.2f',metric);

if metric

> threshold

centroid = stats(k).Centroid;

plot(centroid(1),centroid(2),'ko');

end

text(boundary(1,2)-35,boundary(1,1)+13,metric_string,'Color','y',...

'FontSize',14,'FontWeight','bold');

end

>> title(['Metrics closer to 1

indicate that ',...

'the object is approximately round']);

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06.7.17

%果穗梗、花椒籽分离

%d:matlab7toolboximagesimagestruesize.m*(308行)

clear;close all;clc

>>

i=imread('huaj_600_rgb.tif');

>> figure,imshow(i);

>> ig=rgb2gray(i);

>> imed=medfilt2(ig);

>>

imedcanny=edge(imed,'canny');

>> se90=strel('line',2,90);

se0=strel('line',2,0);

bwsdil=imdilate(imedcanny,[se90 se0]);

%>> figure,imshow(bwsdil)

>>

ifill=imfill(bwsdil,'holes');

>> bwero=imerode(ifill,[se90

se0]);

>> nosmall=bwareaopen(bwero,3000,4);

>>

nobord=imclearborder(nosmall,4);

figure,imshow(nobord);

>>

[labeled,numobjects]=bwlabel(nobord,4);

rgb_label=label2rgb(labeled,@spring,'c','shuffle');

figure,imshow(rgb_label);

mexdata=regionprops(labeled,'all');

hold on;

centr=[mexdata.Centroid]; %寻找重心位置

nums=1:numobjects;

for k = 1:numobjects

soli=mexdata(k).Solidity;

soli_string=sprintf('%2.2f',soli); %等价于转字符串

% signal=num2str(nums(k));

signal=sprintf('%d',k); %直接使用打印语句打印序号

text(centr(2*k-1),centr(2*k),signal) %按序标记物体

text(centr(2*k-1)-30,centr(2*k)-30,soli_string)

%标注每个Solidity值

end

%画最小凸多边形

>> for k=1:numobjects

plot(mexdata(k).ConvexHull(:,1),mexdata(k).ConvexHull(:,2),...

'b','Linewidth',2)

end

hold off;

%作出Solidity值的分布图，以之选定阈值

>>

figure,hist([mexdata.Solidity],255)

%只显示Solidity>0.92的物体的图像

>> idx = find([mexdata.Solidity]

> 0.95);

>> nut = ismember(labeled,idx);

>> figure,imshow(nut)

>>

[labnut,numnut]=bwlabel(nut,4);

>> numnut %数出花椒籽的粒数

>>

%只显示Solidity<0.92的物体的图像

idx = find([mexdata.Solidity] < 0.75);

peduncle = ismember(labeled,idx);

figure,imshow(peduncle)

>>

[labped,numped]=bwlabel(peduncle,4);

>> numped %数出含果穗梗的花椒数

>> %只显示无果穗梗的花椒图像

idx =

find([mexdata.Solidity]>=0.75&[mexdata.Solidity]<=0.95);

pure = ismember(labeled,idx);

figure,imshow(pure)

>>

[labpure,numpure]=bwlabel(pure,4);

>> numpure %纯净花椒的粒数

%分别对籽，皮，梗使用regionprops函数

>>

nutdata=regionprops(labnut,'all');

>>

peddata=regionprops(labped,'all');

>>

puredata=regionprops(labpure,'all');

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%封装成一个函数

function huaj();

%对花椒图像进行处理

imname=input('input an image name:','s');

i=imread(imname);

figure,imshow(i);

ig=rgb2gray(i);

imed=medfilt2(ig);

imedcanny=edge(imed,'canny');

se90=strel('line',2,90);

se0=strel('line',2,0);

bwsdil=imdilate(imedcanny,[se90 se0]);

%figure,imshow(bwsdil)

ifill=imfill(bwsdil,'holes');

bwero=imerode(ifill,[se90 se0]);

nosmall=bwareaopen(bwero,3000,4);

nobord=imclearborder(nosmall,4);

figure,imshow(nobord);

[labeled,numobjects]=bwlabel(nobord,4);

rgb_label=label2rgb(labeled,@spring,'c','shuffle');

figure,imshow(rgb_label);

mexdata=regionprops(labeled,'all');

hold on;

centr=[mexdata.Centroid]; %寻找重心位置

nums=1:numobjects;

for k = 1:numobjects

soli=mexdata(k).Solidity;

soli_string=sprintf('%2.2f',soli); %等价于转字符串

% signal=num2str(nums(k));

signal=sprintf('%d',k); %直接使用打印语句打印序号

text(centr(2*k-1),centr(2*k),signal) %按序标记物体

text(centr(2*k-1)-30,centr(2*k)-30,soli_string)

%标注每个Solidity值

end

%画最小凸多边形

for k=1:numobjects

plot(mexdata(k).ConvexHull(:,1),mexdata(k).ConvexHull(:,2),...

'b','Linewidth',2)

end

hold off;

%作出Solidity值的分布图，以之选定阈值

figure,hist([mexdata.Solidity],255)

%只显示Solidity>0.92的物体的图像

idx = find([mexdata.Solidity] > 0.92);

nut = ismember(labeled,idx);

figure,imshow(nut)

[labnut,numnut]=bwlabel(nut,4);

numnut %数出花椒籽的粒数

%只显示Solidity<0.75的果穗梗图像

idx = find([mexdata.Solidity] < 0.75);

peduncle = ismember(labeled,idx);

figure,imshow(peduncle)

[labped,numped]=bwlabel(peduncle,4);

numped %数出含果穗梗的花椒数

%只显示无果穗梗的花椒果皮图像

idx =

find([mexdata.Solidity]>=0.75&[mexdata.Solidity]<=0.92);

pure = ismember(labeled,idx);

figure,imshow(pure)

[labpure,numpure]=bwlabel(pure,4);

numpure %纯净花椒的粒数

%分别对籽，皮，梗使用regionprops函数

nutdata=regionprops(labnut,'all');

peddata=regionprops(labped,'all');

puredata=regionprops(labpure,'all');

%封装成一个函数

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06.7.18

%命令文件

%rice_1.m

>> i=imread('rice.png');

>> imshow(i);

>>

background=imopen(i,strel('disk',15));

>> i2=imsubtract(i,background);

>> figure,imshow(i2);

>> i3=imadjust(i2,stretchlim(i2),[0

1]);

>> figure,imshow(i3);

>> level=graythresh(i3);

>> bw=im2bw(i3,level);

>> figure,imshow(bw);

>>

[labeled,numobjects]=bwlabel(bw,4);

%函数文件

%rice.m

function y=rice;

str=input('enter a image name:','s');

i=imread(str);

imshow(i);

background=imopen(i,strel('disk',15));

i2=imsubtract(i,background);

figure,imshow(i2);

i3=imadjust(i2,stretchlim(i2),[0 1]);

figure,imshow(i3);

level=graythresh(i3);

bw=im2bw(i3,level);

figure,imshow(bw);

[labeled,numobjects]=bwlabel(bw,4);

label_rgb=label2rgb(labeled,@spring,'c','shuffle');

y=label_rgb;

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%用if-else-end结构来控制循环，使之跳出或中断for或while循环

a(1)=1;a(2)=2;

for i=2:50

a(i+1)=a(i-1)+a(i);

i=i+1;

if

a(i)>10000 %查找第一个大于10000的元素

break %用if语句控制for循环

end

end

i,a(i)

%用递归调用形式计算n!

%(1)编写递归调用函数文件factor.m

function f=factor(n);

�ctor.m 计算n!

if n==1

f=1;

return;

else

f=n*factor(n-1);

return;

end

%(2)运行函数文件

factor(6)

%函数参数传递

function sa=circle(r,s);

%CIRCLE PLOT A CIRCLE OF RADIUS R IN THE LINE SPECIFIED BY S.

%r

%s

%sa

%

%circle(r)

%circle(r,s)

%sa=circle(r)

%sa=circle(r,s)

if nargin==1

%若输入参数数目为1，则该输入参数是指定的半径数值，

%默认的圆周线颜色是蓝色

s='b';

end;

clf;

t=0:pi/100:2*pi;

x=r*exp(i*t);

if nargout==0

plot(x,s);

else

sa=pi*r*r;

fill(real(x),imag(x),s)

end

axis('square')