android v4包框架详解,老司机带你轻松入门架构师----如何重构Android的v4包的部分源码...

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 14:36:30 发布

靳晓楠

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 14:36:30 发布

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文章标签： android v4包框架详解

【前言】过年回家忙着干活，忙着给亲戚的孩子发红包，好累，忙里偷闲打开studio看了一下v4包，之前看过几个类，这次是每个类都看了一下，原来Android的v4包的源码也有一些是写的不是那么友好的，还有很多改善空间。

下面就拿其中的android.support.v4.text这个包里面的 TextUtilsCompat 和 TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1 这两个类来做一个具体讲解。一、首先看一下Androidv4包下面的 TextUtilsCompat 和 TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1 源码：(一)TextUtilsCompat 源码：public final class TextUtilsCompat { private static class TextUtilsCompatImpl {

TextUtilsCompatImpl() {

} @NonNull

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); char c; for (int i = 0; i

c = s.charAt(i); switch (c) { case '

sb.append("<"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '>':

sb.append(">"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '&':

sb.append("&"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '\'': //http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1

// The named character reference ' (the apostrophe, U+0027) was

// introduced in XML 1.0 but does not appear in HTML. Authors should

// therefore use ' instead of ' to work as expected in HTML 4

// user agents.

sb.append("'"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '"':

sb.append("""); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; default:

sb.append(c);

}

} return sb.toString();

} public int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { if (locale != null && !locale.equals(ROOT)) { final String scriptSubtag = ICUCompat.maximizeAndGetScript(locale); if (scriptSubtag == null) return getLayoutDirectionFromFirstChar(locale); // This is intentionally limited to Arabic and Hebrew scripts, since older

// versions of Android platform only considered those scripts to be right-to-left.

if (scriptSubtag.equalsIgnoreCase(ARAB_SCRIPT_SUBTAG) ||

scriptSubtag.equalsIgnoreCase(HEBR_SCRIPT_SUBTAG)) { return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL;

}

} return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR;

} /**

* Fallback algorithm to detect the locale direction. Rely on the first char of the

* localized locale name. This will not work if the localized locale name is in English

* (this is the case for ICU 4.4 and "Urdu" script)

* @param locale

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

private static int getLayoutDirectionFromFirstChar(@NonNull Locale locale) { switch(Character.getDirectionality(locale.getDisplayName(locale).charAt(0))) { case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT: case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABIC: return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL; case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT: default: return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR;

}

} private static class TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl extends TextUtilsCompatImpl {

TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl() {

} @Override

@NonNull

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1.htmlEncode(s);

} @Override

public int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

}

} private static final TextUtilsCompatImpl IMPL; static { final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT; if (version >= 17) { // JellyBean MR1

IMPL = new TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl();

} else {

IMPL = new TextUtilsCompatImpl();

}

} /**

* Html-encode the string.

* @param s the string to be encoded

* @return the encoded string

@NonNull

public static String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return IMPL.htmlEncode(s);

} /**

* Return the layout direction for a given Locale

* @param locale the Locale for which we want the layout direction. Can be null.

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

public static int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return IMPL.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

} public static final Locale ROOT = new Locale("", ""); static String ARAB_SCRIPT_SUBTAG = "Arab"; static String HEBR_SCRIPT_SUBTAG = "Hebr"; private TextUtilsCompat() {}

}(二)TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1 源码：/**

* Jellybean MR1 - specific TextUtils API access.

*/@RequiresApi(17)@TargetApi(17)class TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1 { @NonNull

public static String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return TextUtils.htmlEncode(s);

} public static int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return TextUtils.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

}

}二、分析一下以上源码的一些需要改进的问题(仅个人理解，如有不同意见，欢迎提出)：

通过以上源码来看，看起来确实有点不是很舒服。(一)排列顺序有点乱，我格式化了一下，如下，看的稍微清楚了一些：/**

* 格式化之后的TextUtilsCompat类

*/public class TextUtilsCompat { private static final TextUtilsCompatImpl IMPL; public static final Locale ROOT = new Locale("", ""); static String ARAB_SCRIPT_SUBTAG = "Arab"; static String HEBR_SCRIPT_SUBTAG = "Hebr"; private TextUtilsCompat() {} static { final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT; if (version >= 17) { // JellyBean MR1

IMPL = new TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl();

} else {

IMPL = new TextUtilsCompatImpl();

}

} /**

* Html-encode the string.

* @param s the string to be encoded

* @return the encoded string

@NonNull

public static String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return IMPL.htmlEncode(s);

} /**

* Return the layout direction for a given Locale

* @param locale the Locale for which we want the layout direction. Can be null.

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

public static int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return IMPL.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

}private static class TextUtilsCompatImpl {

TextUtilsCompatImpl() {} @NonNull

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); char c; for (int i = 0; i

c = s.charAt(i); switch (c) { case '

sb.append("<"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '>':

sb.append(">"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '&':

sb.append("&"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '\'': //http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1

// The named character reference ' (the apostrophe, U+0027) was

// introduced in XML 1.0 but does not appear in HTML. Authors should

// therefore use ' instead of ' to work as expected in HTML 4

// user agents.

sb.append("'"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '"':

sb.append("""); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; default:

sb.append(c);

}

} return sb.toString();

} // This is intentionally limited to Arabic and Hebrew scripts, since older

// versions of Android platform only considered those scripts to be right-to-left.

if (scriptSubtag.equalsIgnoreCase(ARAB_SCRIPT_SUBTAG) ||

scriptSubtag.equalsIgnoreCase(HEBR_SCRIPT_SUBTAG)) { return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL;

}

} return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR;

} /**

* Fallback algorithm to detect the locale direction. Rely on the first char of the

* localized locale name. This will not work if the localized locale name is in English

* (this is the case for ICU 4.4 and "Urdu" script)

* @param locale

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

}

} private static class TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl extends TextUtilsCompatImpl {

TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl() {

} @Override

@NonNull

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1.htmlEncode(s);

} @Override

public int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

}

}(二)TextUtilsCompat 这个类里面有两个内部类，一个是TextUtilsCompatImpl，一个是TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl,TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl是继承自TextUtilsCompatImpl的。(三)从静态代码块看出，api 大于17 使用 new TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl(); api小于17 使用TextUtilsCompatImpl。TextUtilsCompat，TextUtilsCompatImpl和TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl里面都有 htmlEncode 方法和 getLayoutDirectionFromLocale 方法。

静态代码块里面通过TextUtilsCompatImpl IMPL这个常量来判断，当api大于17用TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl，否则用TextUtilsCompatImpl，然后htmlEncode方法调用了对应内部类里面的htmlEncode方法，getLayoutDirectionFromLocale调用了对应内部类里面的getLayoutDirectionFromLocale方法。(四)TextUtilsCompatImpl和TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl里面都有 htmlEncode 方法和 getLayoutDirectionFromLocale 方法，看看它们的区别。

(1)TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1Impl这个内部类的方法解析：htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) 方法返回的是：TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1.htmlEncode(s); ==> 调用了TextUtils.htmlEncode(s);getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) 方法返回的是：TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale); ==> 调用了TextUtils.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

(2)TextUtilsCompatImpl这个内部类的方法解析：htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) 方法返回的是：在这个方法内部写了一遍，跟TextUtils.htmlEncode(s);方法里面的一模一样。getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) 方法返回的是：重新写了一遍，这个方法是真正有所区别的地方。三、根据我做过项目用到的MVP的开发模式，我把共同的htmlEncode方法和getLayoutDirectionFromLocale方法抽取出一个接口，然后分别用两个实现类去实现接口，然后用TextUtilsCompat这个类去判断调用哪个实现类的方法，这样看起来更直观一些。具体步骤如下：(一)抽取公共接口ITextUtilsCompat/**

* 抽取公用的接口

*/public interface ITextUtilsCompat { /**

* Html-encode the string.

* @param s the string to be encoded

* @return the encoded string

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s); /**

* Return the layout direction for a given Locale

* @param locale the Locale for which we want the layout direction. Can be null.

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

public int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale);

}(二)写一个TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1实现ITextUtilsCompat 接口，然后把之前TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1类里面的复制过来，具体如下：/**

* 兼容Android 17+ 版本

* Jellybean MR1 - specific TextUtils API access.

*/@RequiresApi(17)@TargetApi(17)class TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1 implements ITextUtilsCompat{ @Override

@NonNull

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return TextUtils.htmlEncode(s);

} @Override

public int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return TextUtils.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

}

}(三)写一个类TextUtilsCompatImpl实现ITextUtilsCompat 接口，然后把之前TextUtilsCompat类里面的有关代码复制过来，具体如下：/**

* Android 17以下版本使用这个类

*/class TextUtilsCompatImpl implements ITextUtilsCompat{ public static final Locale ROOT = new Locale("", ""); static String ARAB_SCRIPT_SUBTAG = "Arab"; static String HEBR_SCRIPT_SUBTAG = "Hebr";@Override

@NonNull

public String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); char c; for (int i = 0; i

c = s.charAt(i); switch (c) { case '

sb.append("<"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '>':

sb.append(">"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '&':

sb.append("&"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '\'': //http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1

// The named character reference ' (the apostrophe, U+0027) was

// introduced in XML 1.0 but does not appear in HTML. Authors should

// therefore use ' instead of ' to work as expected in HTML 4

// user agents.

sb.append("'"); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; case '"':

sb.append("""); //$NON-NLS-1$

break; default:

sb.append(c);

}

} return sb.toString();

}@Override

public int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { if (locale != null && !locale.equals(ROOT)) { final String scriptSubtag = ICUCompat.maximizeAndGetScript(locale); if (scriptSubtag == null) { return getLayoutDirectionFromFirstChar(locale);

} // This is intentionally limited to Arabic and Hebrew scripts, since older

// versions of Android platform only considered those scripts to be right-to-left.

if (scriptSubtag.equalsIgnoreCase(ARAB_SCRIPT_SUBTAG) ||

scriptSubtag.equalsIgnoreCase(HEBR_SCRIPT_SUBTAG)) { return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL;

}

} return ViewCompat.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR;

} /**

* Fallback algorithm to detect the locale direction. Rely on the first char of the

* localized locale name. This will not work if the localized locale name is in English

* (this is the case for ICU 4.4 and "Urdu" script)

* @param locale

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

}

}(四)封装TextUtilsCompat给调用者使用，具体如下：/**

* v4包下面的TextUtilsCompat的简单优化

* 这里使用的是策略模式，根据不同api版本调用不同的接口实现类

* 这样写更好维护。

*/public final class TextUtilsCompat { private static final ITextUtilsCompat IMPL; private TextUtilsCompat() {} static { final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT; // JellyBean MR1 大于等于17

if (version >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {

IMPL = new TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1();

} else {

IMPL = new TextUtilsCompatImpl();

}

} /**

* Html-encode the string.

* @param s the string to be encoded

* @return the encoded string

@NonNull

public static String htmlEncode(@NonNull String s) { return IMPL.htmlEncode(s);

} /**

* Return the layout direction for a given Locale

* @param locale the Locale for which we want the layout direction. Can be null.

* @return the layout direction. This may be one of:

* {@link android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or

* {@link android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.

* Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported

public static int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(@Nullable Locale locale) { return IMPL.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);

}

到此，TextUtilsCompat 这个类就封装完了。看完之后是不是很清爽？其实还有很多类似的类都可以根据类似的方式做一下改进的。源码不是完美的，只要掌握以上示例代码的思想还是很容易的让代码更好理解，更简洁清晰的。

靳晓楠

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android v4包框架详解,老司机带你轻松入门架构师----如何重构Android的v4包的部分源码...

【前言】过年回家忙着干活，忙着给亲戚的孩子发红包，好累，忙里偷闲打开studio看了一下v4包，之前看过几个类，这次是每个类都看了一下，原来Android的v4包的源码也有一些是写的不是那么友好的，还有很多改善空间。下面就拿其中的android.support.v4.text这个包里面的TextUtilsCompat和TextUtilsCompatJellybeanMr1这两个类来做一个具...
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