java class extends_Java中类的继承

Java中的继承为单继承，即一个子类只能继承一个超类，但可以实现多个接口。超类是所有子类的公共属性及方法的集合，子类是超类的特殊化。其语法为：

[ClassModifire] class ClassName extends SuperClassName{

//类体

}

从外部来看，子类对象应该包括和超类相同的接口，但可以具有更多的方法；从内部来看，子类对象应该包含超类的所有变量和方法。

例：经理类(Manager)继承雇员类(Employee)，雇员类继承Person类

public class Person{

public String Name;

public String getName(){

return Name;

}

}

public class Employee extends Person{

public int employeeNumber;

public int getEmployeeNumber(){

return employeeNumber;

}

}

public class Manager extends Employee{

public String responsibilities;

public String getResponsibilities(){

return responsibilities;

}

}

public class Exam4_2Test{

public static void main(String[] args){

Employee li = new Employee();

li.Name = "Li Ming";

li.employeeNumber = 123456;

System.out.println(li.getName());

System.out.println(li.getEmployeeNumber());

Manager he = new Manager();

he.Name = "He Xia";

he.employeeNumber = 543469;

he.responsibilities = "Internet Project";

System.out.println(he.getName());

System.out.println(he.getEmployeeNumber());

System.out.println(he.getResponsibilites());

}

}

//运行结果

Li Ming

123456

He Xia

543469

Interner Project

子类不能直接访问从超类继承的私有属性及方法，但可以使用公有及保护方法进行访问。

public class B{

public int a = 10;

private int b = 20;

protected int c = 30;

public int getB(){

return b;

}

}

public class A extends B{

public int d;

public void tryVariables(){

System.out.println(a); //ok

System.out.println(b); //fail

System.out.println(getB());//ok

System.out.println(c); //ok

}

}