python的except函数_Python调用系统函数：pexcept模块

起步

举个栗子

#!/usr/bin/env python

# coding=utf-8

import pexpect

cmd = "sudo touch sudo_touch"

passwd = '***'

run = pexpect.spawn(cmd)

try:

run.sendline(passwd)

ouput = run.read()

print ouput

except:

print 'Error'

pexpect.spawn('sudo touch sudo_touch').sendline("***")

函数解释

run()函数

from pexpect import *

(command_output, exitstatus) = run ('ls -l /bin', withexitstatus=1)

spawn()类

class spawn:

def __init__(self,command,args=[],timeout=30,maxread=2000, searchwindowsize=None, logfile=None, cwd=None, env=None)

child = pexpect.spawn ('/usr/bin/ftp', [])

child = pexpect.spawn ('/usr/bin/ssh', ['user@example.com'])

child = pexpect.spawn ('ls', ['-latr', '/tmp'])

记录日志

child = pexpect.spawn('some_command')

fout = file('mylog.txt','w')

child.logfile = fout

# 如果不需要记录向子程序输入的日志，只记录子程序的输出

child = pexpect.spawn('some_command')

child.logfile = sys.stdout

expect()函数

异常

try:

index = pexpect (['good', 'bad'])

if index == 0:

do_something()

elif index == 1:

do_something_else()

except EOF:

do_some_other_thing()

except TIMEOUT:

do_something_completely_different()

index = p.expect (['good', 'bad', pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT])

if index == 0:

do_something()

elif index == 1:

do_something_else()

elif index == 2:

do_some_other_thing()

elif index == 3:

do_something_completely_different()

send()函数

child.send('a')

child.sendline('bb')

child.sendcontrol('c') # 发送ctrl+c

结尾

#!/usr/bin/env python

# coding=utf-8

import pexpect

import random

class FtpAddUser():

ROOT_PASS = 'admin123' #sudo 密码

CROOT_LIST = '/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list' # 允许跨越目录

USER_DIR = '/etc/vsftp_user_conf/' # 用户相关配置文件夹

@staticmethod

def runCmdRoot(cmd, params = None):

run = pexpect.spawn(cmd)

try:

for line in params:

#time.sleep(0.5) # 休眠，确保以下输出是有效的

run.expect(':|：')

run.sendline(line)

except:

print 'Error'

return run.read()

@staticmethod

def create_password(length = 6, prex = ''):

word=[x for x in 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789']

return prex + ''.join(random.sample(word, length))

def __init__(self, username = None, password = None):

if username == None:

username = FtpAddUser.create_password(8, 'ftpuser')

if password == None:

password = FtpAddUser.create_password(8)

# 确保添加的用户名可用

while True:

cmd = "/bin/grep '^{}' /etc/passwd".format(username)

if FtpAddUser.runCmdRoot(cmd, []) == '': # 如果该用户名不存在，说明可添加

break

username = FtpAddUser.create_password(8, 'ftpuser')

self.username = username

self.password = password

def addUser(self):

params = [FtpAddUser.ROOT_PASS, self.password, self.password, '', '', '', '','', 'y']

#cmd = 'sudo adduser -g ftp -s /sbin/nologin {}'.format(self.username)

cmd = 'sudo adduser {}'.format(self.username)

FtpAddUser.runCmdRoot(cmd, params)

# 设置用户禁止登陆shell

cmd = 'sudo usermod -s /sbin/nologin {}'.format(self.username)

FtpAddUser.runCmdRoot(cmd, [FtpAddUser.ROOT_PASS,])

cmd = 'sudo usermod -g ftp {}'.format(self.username)

FtpAddUser.runCmdRoot(cmd, [FtpAddUser.ROOT_PASS,])

self.addUserConf()

def addUserConf(self):

cmd = "sudo touch /home/{}/这是{}用户默认的ftp目录.txt".format(self.username, self.username)

FtpAddUser.runCmdRoot(cmd, [FtpAddUser.ROOT_PASS,])

# 设置用户配置，登陆目录设为/home/username

with open('{}{}'.format(FtpAddUser.USER_DIR, self.username), 'w') as f:

f.write('local_root=/home/{}'.format(self.username))

#设置文件归属为root用户

cmd = 'sudo chown root:root {}{}'.format(FtpAddUser.USER_DIR, self.username)

FtpAddUser.runCmdRoot(cmd, [FtpAddUser.ROOT_PASS,])

def show(self):

print 'username is {}'.format(self.username)

print 'password is {}'.format(self.password)

if __name__ == "__main__":

test = FtpAddUser()

test.addUser()

test.show()