python import ssl失败_python安装过程中_ssl、依赖包缺失，导致pip失败的问题

环境：

python：3.6.9

ubuntu：16.04.5

新拿到远程服务器，配置环境需要用到pipenv，在 pip install pipenv的时候，出现了以下错误：

Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None,

redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by

'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL

module is not available.",)': /simple/pipenv/

...

...

Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a

problem confirming the ssl certificate:

HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max

retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by

SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)) - skipping

原因

系统缺少python的_ssl依赖包，在输入编译命令make test 后，发现有报错：

No module named ：

'_ssl'、'_tkinter'、'_lzma'等

启动python，导入ssl模块发现也报错

$ python

Python 3.6.9 (default, Oct 21 2020, 08:00:24)

[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import ssl

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 101, in

import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagate

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ssl'

解决：

安装openssl，等python依赖包

sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev

按照以下命令依次执行

./configure

sudo make

sudo make install

pip3 install package_name

相关链接：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41328451/ssl-module-in-python-is-not-available-when-installing-package-with-pip3