1、简介
字符集是一套符号和编码的规则,不论是在oracle数据库还是在mysql数据库,都存在字符集的选择问题,而且如果在数据库创建阶段没有正确选择字符集,那么可能在后期需要更换字符集,而字符集的更换是代价比较高的操作,也存在一定的风险,所以,我们推荐在应用开始阶段,就按照需求正确的选择合适的字符集,避免后期不必要的调整。
2、乱码演示
mysql> show variables like 'character_set%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into test.table10 values (1,'云中鹤');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test.table10;
+------+-----------+
| id | names |
+------+-----------+
| 1 | 云中鹤 |
+------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set names latin1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test.table10;
+------+-------+
| id | names |
+------+-------+
| 1 | ??? |
+------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'character_set%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Var