使用mysql查询数据库命令_MySQL 数据库常用命令

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1.  查看当前用户      mysql> select user();    # 查询当前用户命令语句

+----------------+

| user()         |

+----------------+

| dbdh@localhost |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2. 查看所有用户信息操作

mysql> select user,password,host from mysql.user;

+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

| user | password                                  | host      |

+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

| root | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | localhost |

| root | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | 127.0.0.1 |

| root | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | ::1       |

| dbdh | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | 127.0.0.1 |

| dbdh | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | localhost |

+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3. 查询当前的数据库版本信息

mysql> select @@version;

+------------+

| @@version  |

+------------+

| 5.6.22-log |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4. 查询数据库是否启动log_bin

mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';

+---------------------------------+-------+

| Variable_name                   | Value |

+---------------------------------+-------+

| log_bin                         | OFF   |

| log_bin_basename                |       |

| log_bin_index                   |       |

| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF   |

| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF   |

| sql_log_bin                     | ON    |

+---------------------------------+-------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5.  查询当前支持的字符集

mysql> show character set;

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

| Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen |

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 |

| dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 |

| cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |      1 |

| hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |      1 |

| koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 |

| latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 |

| latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |      1 |

| swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 |

| ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |      1 |

| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 |

| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 |

| hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 |

| tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 |

| euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 |

| koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 |

| gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 |

| greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |      1 |

| cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 |

| gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 |

| latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 |

| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |      1 |

| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |      3 |

| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 |

| cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |      1 |

| keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |      1 |

| macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |      1 |

| macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |      1 |

| cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |      1 |

| latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |      1 |

| utf8mb4  | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8mb4_general_ci  |      4 |

| cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 |

| utf16    | UTF-16 Unicode              | utf16_general_ci    |      4 |

| utf16le  | UTF-16LE Unicode            | utf16le_general_ci  |      4 |

| cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 |

| cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 |

| utf32    | UTF-32 Unicode              | utf32_general_ci    |      4 |

| binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |      1 |

| geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |      1 |

| cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 |

| eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

40 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| Variable_name            | Value

|

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| character_set_client     | gbk

|

| character_set_connection | gbk

|

| character_set_database   | utf8

|

| character_set_filesystem | binary

|

| character_set_results    | gbk

|

| character_set_server     | utf8

|

| character_set_system     | utf8

|

| character_sets_dir       | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\share\chars

ets\ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6.  查询一个数据库字符集及库中某一个表字符集

mysql> show create database test;  #库的字符集

+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

| Database | Create Database                                               |

+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

| test     | CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |

+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table test.t1\G;  #test库中t1表中的字符集

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Table: t1

Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t1` (

`id` int(3) DEFAULT '0',

`age` int(3) DEFAULT NULL,

`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,

`school` varchar(30) DEFAULT 'null'

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

7. 查找日志文件文件:

mysql> show variables like '%dir%';

8. 修改字符集操作

mysql> alter database test character set utf8;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

9. 连接mysql 数据库命令语句如下

mysql -h localhost | hostIP -u username -ppassword -D

10. 查询当前所有的数据库

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| qfclear            |

| sakila             |

| test               |

| train              |

| world              |

+--------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

11. 如果想使用某一个数据可以使用命令如下:

mysql>use databasename;