java 不是封闭类,在范围内没有封闭类型的实例

I investigate java inner classes.

I wrote example:

public class Outer {

public Outer(int a){}

public class Inner {

public Inner(String str, Boolean b){}

}

public static class Nested extends Inner{

public static void m(){

System.out.println("hello");

}

public Nested(String str, Boolean b , Number nm) { super("2",true); }

}

public class InnerTest extends Nested{

public InnerTest(){ super("str",true,12); }

}

}

I invoke it from main using following string:

new Outer(1).new Inner("",true);

I see compile error:

java: no enclosing instance of type testInheritancefromInner.Outer is in scope

Can you explain me this situation?

UPDATE

解决方案

Inner is an inner class. It can only be created when there is an enclosing instance of the class containing the Inner class definition.

However, you've created a static nested class, Nested, which extends from this class. When you try to invoke the super constructor

public Nested(String str, Boolean b , Number nm) { super("2",true); }

it will fail because the super constructor, for Inner, depends on an instance of Outer, which doesn't exist in the static context of the Nested class. Jon Skeet provides a solution.

An explanation of the solution appears in the JLS here.

Superclass constructor invocations may be subdivided:

Unqualified superclass constructor invocations begin with the keyword

super (possibly prefaced with explicit type arguments).

Qualified superclass constructor invocations begin with a Primary

expression.

They allow a subclass constructor to explicitly specify the newly

created object's immediately enclosing instance with respect to the

direct superclass (§8.1.3). This may be necessary when the superclass

is an inner class.