针对目录类型的管理命令:
pwd 打印当前工作目录
常用选项
-P 打印真实路径dsaasdsadasd
-L 打印逻辑路径 默认即为-L
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/bin
[root@localhost bin]# pwd -P
/usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]# pwd -L
/bin
[root@localhost bin]#
cd 改变工作目录路径
常用选项
-P 打印真实路径
[root@localhost ~]# cd /bin
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/bin
[root@localhost bin]# cd -P /bin
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]#
小技巧 回到自己的家目录 cd 回车 / cd ~asdasd 去某用户的家目录 cd ~$SOMEONE
回到上次目录 cd -
ls 列出目录内容
常用选项
-l 显示额外信息
-a 显示包含隐藏文件
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -a
. gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068 pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze
.. keyring-hFZUU3 test
.ICE-unix keyring-wiHnzv test123
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l
total 16
srwxrwxr-x. 1 maoyanit maoyanit 0 Jan 11 2017 gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Nov 3 2017 keyring-hFZUU3
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Dec 4 2017 keyring-wiHnzv
drwx------ 2 gdm gdm 4096 Jun 11 2018 pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:50 test
---------- 1 root root 0 Sep 2 16:09 test123
[root@localhost tmp]#
-R 目录递归通过
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -R
.:
gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068 keyring-wiHnzv test
keyring-hFZUU3 pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze test123
./keyring-hFZUU3:
socket socket.pkcs11 socket.ssh
./keyring-wiHnzv:
socket socket.pkcs11 socket.ssh
./pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze:
native
./test:
[root@localhost tmp]#
-lD 目录和符号信息
-1 文件分行显示
-S 按文件从大到小排序
-t 按mtime 排序
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -ld /etc
drwxr-xr-x. 127 root root 12288 Oct 8 03:39 /etc
[root@localhost tmp]#
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -1
gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068
keyring-hFZUU3
keyring-wiHnzv
pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze
test
test123
[root@localhost tmp]#
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -Sl
total 16
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Nov 3 2017 keyring-hFZUU3
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Dec 4 2017 keyring-wiHnzv
drwx------ 2 gdm gdm 4096 Jun 11 2018 pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:50 test
srwxrwxr-x. 1 maoyanit maoyanit 0 Jan 11 2017 gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068
---------- 1 root root 0 Sep 2 16:09 test123
[root@localhost tmp]#
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -Slr
total 16
---------- 1 root root 0 Sep 2 16:09 test123
srwxrwxr-x. 1 maoyanit maoyanit 0 Jan 11 2017 gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:50 test
drwx------ 2 gdm gdm 4096 Jun 11 2018 pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Dec 4 2017 keyring-wiHnzv
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Nov 3 2017 keyring-hFZUU3
[root@localhost tmp]#
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -tl
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:50 test
---------- 1 root root 0 Sep 2 16:09 test123
drwx------ 2 gdm gdm 4096 Jun 11 2018 pulse-Voq7HMaaxrze
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Dec 4 2017 keyring-wiHnzv
drwx------ 2 maoyanit maoyanit 4096 Nov 3 2017 keyring-hFZUU3
srwxrwxr-x. 1 maoyanit maoyanit 0 Jan 11 2017 gnome-system-monitor.maoyanit.2498802068
[root@localhost tmp]#
-u 配合-t选项,显示并按atime从新到旧排序
[root@localhost ~]# ls -ul
total 41152
-rw-------. 1 root root 2420 Sep 7 11:21 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 12 14:19 dockerKernel
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 68509 Jan 16 2018 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11949 Jan 10 2017 install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34279307 Aug 16 2017 kernel-ml-aufs-3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64.rpm.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7734471 Aug 16 2017 kernel-ml-aufs-devel-3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64.rpm.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 12 14:19 logs
-rw------- 1 root root 2160 Jan 16 2018 nohup.out
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1278 Jun 20 2018 start.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1764 Sep 28 2018 start2.sh
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 10:11 test
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3035 Jan 12 2019 update.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3646 Nov 8 2017 wget-log
[root@localhost ~]#
-U 按目录存放顺序显示
[root@localhost ~]# ls -Ul
total 41152
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 29 10:27 test
-rw-------. 1 root root 2420 Jan 10 2017 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1764 Apr 11 2018 start2.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7734471 Aug 16 2017 kernel-ml-aufs-devel-3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64.rpm.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 10 11:33 logs
-rw------- 1 root root 2160 Mar 6 2018 nohup.out
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34279307 Aug 16 2017 kernel-ml-aufs-3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64.rpm.gz
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3035 Apr 11 2018 update.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11949 Jan 10 2017 install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3646 Nov 8 2017 wget-log
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 16 2017 dockerKernel
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 68509 Jan 10 2017 install.log
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1278 Nov 13 2017 start.sh
[root@localhost ~]#
-X 按文件后缀排序
[root@localhost ~]# ls -Xl
total 41152
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 16 2017 dockerKernel
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 10 11:33 logs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 29 10:27 test
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3646 Nov 8 2017 wget-log
-rw-------. 1 root root 2420 Jan 10 2017 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34279307 Aug 16 2017 kernel-ml-aufs-3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64.rpm.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7734471 Aug 16 2017 kernel-ml-aufs-devel-3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64.rpm.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 68509 Jan 10 2017 install.log
-rw------- 1 root root 2160 Mar 6 2018 nohup.out
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1278 Nov 13 2017 start.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1764 Apr 11 2018 start2.sh
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3035 Apr 11 2018 update.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11949 Jan 10 2017 install.log.syslog
[root@localhost ~]#