您必须调用cfmakeraw一个tty从获得tcgetattr。你不能零了struct
termios,配置它,然后将tty用tcsetattr。如果使用归零方法,则会遇到无法解释的间歇性故障,尤其是在BSD和OS
X上。“无法解释的间歇性故障”包括挂起read(3)。
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int
set_interface_attribs (int fd, int speed, int parity)
{
struct termios tty;
if (tcgetattr (fd, &tty) != 0)
{
error_message ("error %d from tcgetattr", errno);
return -1;
}
cfsetospeed (&tty, speed);
cfsetispeed (&tty, speed);
tty.c_cflag = (tty.c_cflag & ~CSIZE) | CS8; // 8-bit chars
// disable IGNBRK for mismatched speed tests; otherwise receive break
// as \000 chars
tty.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK; // disable break processing
tty.c_lflag = 0; // no signaling chars, no echo,
// no canonical processing
tty.c_oflag = 0; // no remapping, no delays
tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 0; // read doesn't block
tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 5; // 0.5 seconds read timeout
tty.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY); // shut off xon/xoff ctrl
tty.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);// ignore modem controls,
// enable reading
tty.c_cflag &= ~(PARENB | PARODD); // shut off parity
tty.c_cflag |= parity;
tty.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
tty.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
if (tcsetattr (fd, TCSANOW, &tty) != 0)
{
error_message ("error %d from tcsetattr", errno);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
void
set_blocking (int fd, int should_block)
{
struct termios tty;
memset (&tty, 0, sizeof tty);
if (tcgetattr (fd, &tty) != 0)
{
error_message ("error %d from tggetattr", errno);
return;
}
tty.c_cc[VMIN] = should_block ? 1 : 0;
tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 5; // 0.5 seconds read timeout
if (tcsetattr (fd, TCSANOW, &tty) != 0)
error_message ("error %d setting term attributes", errno);
}
...
char *portname = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
...
int fd = open (portname, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_SYNC);
if (fd < 0)
{
error_message ("error %d opening %s: %s", errno, portname, strerror (errno));
return;
}
set_interface_attribs (fd, B115200, 0); // set speed to 115,200 bps, 8n1 (no parity)
set_blocking (fd, 0); // set no blocking
write (fd, "hello!\n", 7); // send 7 character greeting
usleep ((7 + 25) * 100); // sleep enough to transmit the 7 plus
// receive 25: approx 100 uS per char transmit
char buf [100];
int n = read (fd, buf, sizeof buf); // read up to 100 characters if ready to read
对速度的值是B115200,B230400,B9600,B19200,B38400,B57600,B1200,B2400,B4800,等。用于奇偶校验的值0(意味着没有奇偶校验),
PARENB|PARODD(启用奇偶并使用奇数), PARENB(启用奇偶校验并使用偶数),
PARENB|PARODD|CMSPAR(标记奇偶校验),和PARENB|CMSPAR(空间平价)。
“阻止”设置read()端口上的a是否等待指定数量的字符到达。设置 无阻塞
意味着无论read()返回多少字符都可用,而无需等待更多字符,直到缓冲区限制。
附录:
CMSPAR仅在选择标记和空间奇偶校验时才需要,这是罕见的。对于大多数应用程序,可以将其省略。我的头文件仅在/usr/include/bits/termios.h定义CMSPAR了预处理器符号的__USE_MISC情况下才启用定义。该定义发生时(在features.h)与
#if defined _BSD_SOURCE || defined _SVID_SOURCE
#define __USE_MISC 1
#endif
的介绍性评论说:
/* These are defined by the user (or the compiler)
to specify the desired environment:
...
_BSD_SOURCE ISO C, POSIX, and 4.3BSD things.
_SVID_SOURCE ISO C, POSIX, and SVID things.
...
*/