在监控方面，两周的心得与大家共勉。
首先说说在线上跑的监控(cacti),两周下来没有出现问题，日志也没有出现报错的迹象，绘图，获取数据都是正常的。如下图所示：
至于监控，对于cacti来说，绘图是很直观的，一目了然，学会使用cacti，更重要的是要学会看坐标，还有坐标下面更详细的数值。
因为更多的模拟环境搭建是在vmware workstation上安装的，由于虚拟机的特殊性，快照，会使物理主机与vmware的主机时间
照成不一致，因此都采用ntpdate保持时间一致。[[email protected] ~]# crontab -e
*/1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate -u asia.pool.ntp.org
[[email protected] ~]# service crond start
监控的信息: 硬盘(本地硬盘和挂在硬盘)、内存、cpu的负载、终端用户的登陆个数、主机当前的进程数
接下来就来看看cacti在监控应用层服务方面的功能！
cacti监控nginx
cacti监控mysql
一、添加监控nginx监控模板
1、启动nginx的状态监控
编译安装nginx，更多模块功能的启用可以使用
然后，在编译nginx的时候加入参数--with-http_stub_status_module
2、编辑配置文件nginx.conf，添加如下
3、重启nginx服务
4、访问nginx的状态监控页面
5、下载cacti监控nginx的模板
6、模板拷贝、模板导入
注:把模板中以.pl的两文件拷贝到你的cacti目录下的scripts/目录下，然后把以.xml的文件导入到cacti中，导入方法
导入成功后如下所示：
7、测试模板是否能够正常使用
二、安装nginx监控
1、安装net-snmp服务[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs
2、配置snmpd配置文件并测试服务[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/snmp/
[[email protected] snmp]# cp snmpd.conf snmpd.conf.bak
[[email protected] snmp]# vim snmpd.conf
#修改
view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1
[[email protected] snmp]# service snmpd start
正在启动 snmpd： [确定]
[[email protected] snmp]# snmpnetstat -v 2c -c public -Can -Cp tcp localhost
Active Internet (tcp) Connections (including servers)
Proto Local Address Remote Address (state)
tcp *.22 *.* LISTEN
tcp *.80 *.* LISTEN
tcp *.3306 *.* LISTEN
tcp 127.0.0.1.199 *.* LISTEN
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34893 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34894 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34895 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34899 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34900 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34901 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34907 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34908 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.3306 127.0.0.1.34909 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.9000 *.* LISTEN
tcp 172.16.3.164.22 172.16.3.127.51102 ESTABLISHED
tcp 172.16.3.164.22 172.16.3.127.51230 ESTABLISHED
3、添加远程监控主机
4、添加nginx的监控模板
5、启用监控主机模板，如nginx
6、创建graphs组为Remote Host，并将nginx加入到这个组中。
6、监控nginx状态如下，等一会看看是否能绘图
三、apache自带的ab压力测试工具，来测试队绘图是否有影响
1、ab测试1000的并发量[[email protected] ~]# ab -c 1000 -n 1000 #反复的多测试几次
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking 172.16.3.164 (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
^[[ACompleted 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests
Server Software: nginx
Server Hostname: 172.16.3.164
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /index.html
Document Length: 186 bytes
Concurrency Level: 1000
Time taken for tests: 1.307 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 265
(Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 265, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors: 0
Non-2xx responses: 735
Total transferred: 41371480 bytes
HTML transferred: 41190245 bytes
Requests per second: 765.32 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 1306.640 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.307 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 30920.40 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 114 123 6.2 122 135
Processing: 134 368 312.1 158 1079
Waiting: 101 227 143.7 157 570
Total: 259 492 316.0 273 1200
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 273
66% 613
75% 769
80% 866
90% 1033
95% 1113
98% 1188
99% 1196
100% 1200 (longest request)
[[email protected] ~]# ab -c 1000 -n 1000 http://172.16.3.164/index.html
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking 172.16.3.164 (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests
Server Software: nginx
Server Hostname: 172.16.3.164
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /index.html
Document Length: 186 bytes
Concurrency Level: 1000
Time taken for tests: 1.329 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 205
(Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 205, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors: 0
Non-2xx responses: 795
Total transferred: 32081560 bytes
HTML transferred: 31906265 bytes
Requests per second: 752.26 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 1329.324 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.329 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 23568.11 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 116 123 6.1 121 144
Processing: 120 348 306.9 159 1079
Waiting: 91 255 181.6 158 670
Total: 251 471 305.9 277 1203
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 277
66% 392
75% 704
80% 790
90% 1016
95% 1101
98% 1141
99% 1192
100% 1203 (longest request)
2、查看状态监控页面
又反复的多次压力测试的结果
3、cacti状态监控图
cacti监控mysql
1、下载cacti监控mysql的模板
下载地址：http://code.google.com/p/mysql-cacti-templates/
软件：better-cacti-templates-1.1.8.tar.gz
2、解压模板[[email protected] ~]# ll better-cacti-templates-1.1.8.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 275805 7月 2 13:25 better-cacti-templates-1.1.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~]# tar xf better-cacti-templates-1.1.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~]# cd better-cacti-templates-1.1.8
[[email protected] better-cacti-templates-1.1.8]# ll scripts/
总用量 108
-rw-rw-r--. 1 cactiuser cactiuser 52856 1月 23 2011 ss_get_by_ssh.php
-rw-rw-r--. 1 cactiuser cactiuser 53624 1月 23 2011 ss_get_mysql_stats.php
[[email protected] scripts]# cd /var/www/html/cacti0.88/scripts/
[[email protected] scripts]# chmod 755 ss_get_
ss_get_by_ssh.php ss_get_mysql_stats.php
[[email protected] scripts]# chmod 755 ss_get_*
3、修改监控mysql响应的php脚本[[email protected] ~]# cd better-cacti-templates-1.1.8/scripts/
[[email protected] scripts]# vim ss_get_mysql_stats.php
$mysql_user = ‘cactiuser‘; #被监控mysql的账户
$mysql_pass = ‘cactiuser‘; #被监控mysql账户的密码
$mysql_port = 3306;
$mysql_ssl = FALSE; # Whether to use SSL to connect to MySQL.
$heartbeat = ‘‘; # db.tbl in case you use mk-heartbeat from Maatkit.
$cache_dir = ‘/tmp‘; # If set, this uses caching to avoid multiple calls.
$poll_time = 300; # Adjust to match your polling interval.
4、导入监控mysql的模板，如下图
选择导入mysql监控模板
导入成功如下：
5、添加mysql监控模板到被监控主机
6、被监控的mysql服务器需要创建监控用户
注：让cacti所在机器能够访问MySQL服务器的状态信息，必须拥有”process”权限。如果要监控InnoDB状态，还必须有”SUPER”权限。[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 29
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]"%" identified by "cactiuser";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]"localhost" identified by "cactiuser";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -ucactiuser -pcactiuser
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 30
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| live |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| psp |
| test |
| vms2_1 |
| zqcms |
| zqvms |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
7、监控主机测试是否能够远程登陆mysql[[email protected] scripts]# mysql -ucactiuser -pcactiuser -h 172.16.3.164
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 33
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| live |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| psp |
| test |
| vms2_1 |
| zqcms |
| zqvms |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
7、查看监控绘图
稍等一下，看是否能获取到mysql的数据
原文：http://467754239.blog.51cto.com/4878013/1433409
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