android怎么解决依赖关系,如何理清楚 Android 工程的依赖关系？

前言

讲的是如何在你的 GitHub README 文件里面展示 Android 项目的依赖关系图。

它其实就是写了一个 Gradle Task 脚本，源文件如下：projectDependencyGraph.gradle

代码：

// From https://github.com/JakeWharton/SdkSearch/blob/master/gradle/projectDependencyGraph.gradle

// The only difference here is the output directory.

task projectDependencyGraph {

doLast {

def dot = new File(rootProject.rootDir, 'gradle/dependency-graph/project.dot')

dot.parentFile.mkdirs()

dot.delete()

dot << 'digraph {\n'

dot << " graph [label=\"${rootProject.name}\\n \",labelloc=t,fontsize=30,ranksep=1.4];\n"

dot << ' node [style=filled, fillcolor="#bbbbbb"];\n'

dot << ' rankdir=TB;\n'

def rootProjects = []

def queue = [rootProject]

while (!queue.isEmpty()) {

def project = queue.remove(0)

rootProjects.add(project)

queue.addAll(project.childProjects.values())

}

def projects = new LinkedHashSet()

def dependencies = new LinkedHashMap, List>()

def multiplatformProjects = []

def jsProjects = []

def androidProjects = []

def javaProjects = []

queue = [rootProject]

while (!queue.isEmpty()) {

def project = queue.remove(0)

queue.addAll(project.childProjects.values())

if (project.plugins.hasPlugin('org.jetbrains.kotlin.multiplatform')) {

multiplatformProjects.add(project)

}

if (project.plugins.hasPlugin('org.jetbrains.kotlin.js')) {

jsProjects.add(project)

}

if (project.plugins.hasPlugin('com.android.library') || project.plugins.hasPlugin('com.android.application')) {

androidProjects.add(project)

}

if (project.plugins.hasPlugin('java-library') || project.plugins.hasPlugin('java')) {

javaProjects.add(project)

}

project.configurations.all { config ->

config.dependencies

.withType(ProjectDependency)

.collect { it.dependencyProject }

.each { dependency ->

projects.add(project)

projects.add(dependency)

rootProjects.remove(dependency)

def graphKey = new Tuple2(project, dependency)

def traits = dependencies.computeIfAbsent(graphKey) { new ArrayList() }

if (config.name.toLowerCase().endsWith('implementation')) {

traits.add('style=dotted')

}

}

}

}

projects = projects.sort { it.path }

dot << '\n # Projects\n\n'

for (project in projects) {

def traits = []

if (rootProjects.contains(project)) {

traits.add('shape=box')

}

if (multiplatformProjects.contains(project)) {

traits.add('fillcolor="#ffd2b3"')

} else if (jsProjects.contains(project)) {

traits.add('fillcolor="#ffffba"')

} else if (androidProjects.contains(project)) {

traits.add('fillcolor="#baffc9"')

} else if (javaProjects.contains(project)) {

traits.add('fillcolor="#ffb3ba"')

} else {

traits.add('fillcolor="#eeeeee"')

}

dot << " \"${project.path}\" [${traits.join(", ")}];\n"

}

dot << '\n {rank = same;'

for (project in projects) {

if (rootProjects.contains(project)) {

dot << " \"${project.path}\";"

}

}

dot << '}\n'

dot << '\n # Dependencies\n\n'

dependencies.forEach { key, traits ->

dot << " \"${key.first.path}\" -> \"${key.second.path}\""

if (!traits.isEmpty()) {

dot << " [${traits.join(", ")}]"

}

dot << '\n'

}

dot << '}\n'

def p = 'dot -Tpng -O project.dot'.execute([], dot.parentFile)

p.waitFor()

if (p.exitValue() != 0) {

throw new RuntimeException(p.errorStream.text)

}

println("Project module dependency graph created at ${dot.absolutePath}.png")

}

}

脚本内容就是用 dot 生成一个 .dot 文件，这个 dot 是啥呢？

dot 是图形描述语言，简单来说就是用来描述一个图片的，详细见维基百科上的说明：DOT(graph description languang)

不过该脚本里面涉及到了把 dot 文件转 png 的操作，所以你的机器上需要安装 Graphviz。这玩意就是把 dot 转 png 的工具，为了方便你还需要安装一个 State Art(Android Studio Plugin 里面可以直接搜到)，然后你就可以直接运行这个 task 了：

./gradlew projectDependencyGraph

然后就会生成一个类似下面的图片：

project.png

不过呢，该文章还提到就是用 GitHub 的 Action 自动去生成这个图片，感兴趣的小伙伴可以去康康原文撒～

总结一下

其实知道有这个玩意就行，比如 dot ，到需要的时候再去好好看～