python数值和计算教程_python 数据挖掘中的数值计算

一、环境安装

环境配置：

OS：Red Hat 4.4.7-11

查看命令：uname -a             ： 电脑以及操作系统的相关信息

cat /proc/version   ： 正在运行的内核版本

cat /etc/issue        ： 发行版本信息

安装numpy插件：yum install numpy

获得的安装包信息如下：

================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================================================

Installing:

numpy x86_64 1.4.1-9.el6 base 2.3 M

Installing for dependencies:

atlas x86_64 3.8.4-2.el6 base 2.8 M

libgfortran x86_64 4.4.7-16.el6 base 267 k

python-nose noarch 0.10.4-3.1.el6 base 220 k

python-setuptools noarch 0.6.10-3.el6 base 336 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================================================

Install 5 Package(s)

Total download size: 6.0 M

Installed size: 24 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

二、数值操作

1、计算两个向量之间的欧氏距离

vector_one = array([0,1,1,0,0,0])

vector_two = array([1,0,0,1,0,0])

dist = linalg.norm(vector_one-vector_two)    ###result = 2.0

2、创建矩阵

martix = array([[1,0,0,0,0,0],[0,1,0,0,0,0],[0,0,1,0,0,0],[0,0,0,1,0,0],[0,0,0,0,1,0],[0,0,0,0,0,1],[1,1,1,1,1,1]])

获得矩阵的行数和列数：

行数：martix.shape[0]    列数：martix.shape[1]

三、数值可视化

1、linux 环境配置

yum install python-matplotlib

安装matplotlib(使用命令yum install python-matplotlib)后，在试图导入pyplot后--- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt   ---报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 78, in

new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, show = pylab_setup()

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/__init__.py", line 25, in pylab_setup

globals(),locals(),[backend_name])

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtkagg.py", line 10, in

from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk import gtk, FigureManagerGTK, FigureCanvasGTK,\

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk.py", line 11, in

raise ImportError("Gtk* backend requires pygtk to be installed.")

ImportError: Gtk* backend requires pygtk to be installed.

解决方案：

import matplotlib

matplotlib.use('Agg')

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

2、windows 64位环境配置

python版本：2.6.6

numpy和Scipy 没有64位windows可执行的exe,

如何安装whl文件：

.whl 文件的安装需要pip

pip安装：

安装easy_install

下载ez_setup.py

from urllib import urlopen

data = urlopen('http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py')

with open('ez_setup.py', 'wb') as f:

f.write(data.read())

在命令行中运行ez.setup.py(两遍)

3. 配置环境变量

计算机---属性---高级系统设置---高级---环境变量---用户变量

PATH中添加C:\Python26\Scripts

安装pip

easy_install pip

安装whl文件

pip install numpy-1.10.0b1+mkl-cp26-none-win_amd64.whl

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/DMandAlgorithm/p/4809584.html