java面向对象程序设计实验_20145308刘昊阳 《Java程序设计》实验二 Java面向对象程序设计 实验报告...

20145308刘昊阳 《Java程序设计》实验二 Java面向对象程序设计 实验报告

实验名称

Java面向对象程序设计

实验内容

初步掌握单元测试和TDD

理解并掌握面相对象三要素：封装、继承、多态

初步掌握UML建模

掌握S.O.L.I.D原则

了解设计模式

统计的PSP(Personal Software Process)时间

步骤

耗时(min)

百分比

需求分析

20~30

12.5%

设计

20~30

12.5%

代码实现

50~60

25%

测试

50~60

25%

分析总结

50~60

25%

实验步骤

(一)单元测试

用实验示例代码进行试验

写完了第一代代码，建立MyUtilTest类，并书写Test代码，通过编译

输入负分检测，出现bug

修改程序，使之能够处理负分情况

测试边界情况，出现bug

修改程序，使之能处理边界情况

使用TDD的方式设计实现复数类Complex

首先建立test类，建立java文件，并将java文件go to到建立的test中

根据所想功能书写test

import org.junit.Test;

public class ComplexNumberTest {

@Test

public void ComplexNumber(){

//ComplexNumber()方法

ComplexNumber num1 = new ComplexNumber();

assert num1.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault1:ComplexNumber()函数有错误";

assert num1.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault2:ComplexNumber()函数有错误";

//ComplexNumber(double r,double I)方法

ComplexNumber num2 = new ComplexNumber(0, 0);

assert num2.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault3:ComplexNumber(double r,double I)函数有错误";

assert num2.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault4:ComplexNumber(double r,double I)函数有错误";

//GetRealPart()方法

assert num2.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault5:GetRealPart()函数有错误";

//GetImaginaryPart()方法

assert num2.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault6:GetImaginaryPart()函数有错误";

//SetRealPart(double d)方法

ComplexNumber num3 = new ComplexNumber();

num3.SetRealPart(0);

assert num3.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault7:SetRealPart(double d)函数有错误";

//SetImaginaryPart(double d)方法

num3.SetImaginaryPart(0);

assert num3.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault8:SetImaginaryPart(double d)函数有错误";

//ComplexAdd(ComplexNumber c)方法

ComplexNumber num4 = new ComplexNumber();

ComplexNumber num5 = new ComplexNumber(-1, -1);

ComplexNumber num6 = new ComplexNumber();

num4 = num1.ComplexAdd(num1);//自身相加，结果为0

assert num4.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault9:ComplexAdd(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num4.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault10:ComplexAdd(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

num6 = num1.ComplexAdd(num5);//结果为负数

assert num6.m_dRealPart == -1 : "fault11:ComplexAdd(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num6.m_dImaginPart == -1 : "fault12:ComplexAdd(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

//ComplexMinus(ComplexNumber c)方法

ComplexNumber num7 = new ComplexNumber();

ComplexNumber num8 = new ComplexNumber(1, 1);

ComplexNumber num9 = new ComplexNumber();

num7 = num1.ComplexMinus(num1);//自身相减，结果为0

assert num7.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault13:ComplexMinus(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num7.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault14:ComplexMinus(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

num9 = num1.ComplexMinus(num8);//结果为负数

assert num9.m_dRealPart == -1 : "fault13:ComplexMinus(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num9.m_dImaginPart == -1 : "fault14:ComplexMinus(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

//ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)方法

ComplexNumber num10 = new ComplexNumber();

ComplexNumber num11 = new ComplexNumber(-1, -1);

ComplexNumber num12 = new ComplexNumber();

ComplexNumber num13 = new ComplexNumber();

ComplexNumber num14 = new ComplexNumber(1, 1);

num10 = num1.ComplexMulti(num1);//自身相乘，结果为0

assert num10.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault15:ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num10.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault16:ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

num12 = num1.ComplexMulti(num11);//0与复数相乘，结果为0

assert num12.m_dRealPart == 0 : "fault17:ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num12.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "fault18:ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

num13 = num11.ComplexMulti(num14);//正数与复数相乘，结果为负数

assert num13.m_dRealPart == -1 : "fault19:ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

assert num13.m_dImaginPart == -1 : "fault20:ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c)函数有错误";

//toString(double a,double b)方法

ComplexNumber num15 = new ComplexNumber(-1, -1);

ComplexNumber num16 = new ComplexNumber(0, 0);

assert num15.toString(num15.m_dRealPart, num15.m_dImaginPart).equals( -1-1+"i") : "fault21:toString(double a,double b)函数有错误";//实部虚部全部为复数

assert num16.toString(num16.m_dRealPart, num16.m_dImaginPart).equals(0) : "fault22e:toString(double a,double b)函数有错误";//实部虚部全部为0

//成功

// System.out.println("没有发现程序错误");

}

}

根据test文件写java文件,开始进行测试，发生错误

发现是test文件把ComplexMulti()错写成ComplexAdd()，修改代码

运行成功，出现fault21

修改fault21

没有解决错误

Complex类代码

import java.util.Scanner;

import java.lang.String;

public class ComplexNumber {

public double m_dRealPart;//实部

public double m_dImaginPart;//虚部

public ComplexNumber(){//构造函数，将实部虚部置0

double m_dRealPart = 0;

double m_dImaginPart = 0;

}

public ComplexNumber(double r,double I){//构造函数，创建复数对象的同时完成负数的实部虚部的初始化

this.m_dRealPart = r;

this.m_dImaginPart = I;

}

public double GetRealPart(){//获取实部

return this.m_dRealPart;

}

public double GetImaginaryPart(){//获取虚部

return this.m_dImaginPart;

}

public double SetRealPart(double d){//设置实部

m_dRealPart = d;

return m_dRealPart;

}

public double SetImaginaryPart(double d){//设置虚部

m_dImaginPart = d;

return m_dImaginPart;

}

ComplexNumber ComplexAdd(ComplexNumber c){//复数相加

double real = c.GetRealPart();

double image = c.GetImaginaryPart();

double newReal = real + m_dRealPart;

double newImage = image + m_dImaginPart;

ComplexNumber Result = new ComplexNumber(newReal,newImage);

return Result;

}

/*ComplexNumber ComplexAdd(double c){//复数相加

double real = c;

double newReal = real + m_dRealPart;

ComplexNumber Result = new ComplexNumber(newReal,0);

return Result;

}*/

ComplexNumber ComplexMinus(ComplexNumber c){//复数相减

double real = c.GetRealPart();

double image = c.GetImaginaryPart();

double newReal = m_dRealPart - real ;

double newImage = m_dImaginPart - image;

ComplexNumber Result = new ComplexNumber(newReal,newImage);

return Result;

}

/* ComplexNumber ComplexMinus(double c){//复数相减

double real = c;

double newReal = real - m_dRealPart;

ComplexNumber Result = new ComplexNumber(newReal,0);

return Result;

}*/

ComplexNumber ComplexMulti(ComplexNumber c){//复数相乘

double real = c.GetRealPart();

double image = c.GetImaginaryPart();

double newReal = real * m_dRealPart;

double newImage = image * m_dImaginPart;

ComplexNumber Result = new ComplexNumber(newReal,newImage);

return Result;

}

/*ComplexNumber ComplexMulti(double c){//复数相乘

double real = c;

double newReal = real * m_dRealPart;

ComplexNumber Result = new ComplexNumber(newReal,0);

return Result;

}*/

public String toString(double a,double b){//把当前复数对象的实部虚部组合成a+bi的字符串形式

String c;

if(b == 0) {c =""+a;}//将double型变量转为String类型

else if(b < 0){c = a+b+"i";}

else {c = a+"+"+b +"i";}

return c;

}

}

使用StarUML建模

我的程序没有继承和操作接口，所以用实验示例来做

建立两个类，设定权限和类里面的方法

建立测试类AnimalTest，将测试类依赖这两个类

建立Animal，并设定为父类，将两个子类设定继承该父类，有继承和操作接口的完整图

问题及解决过程

问题：toString类的test出错，经过查询代码，应该没有错误，感觉是test文件不对

解决过程：修改代码还是运行不出来，有待解决

问题：建模时建立了父类Animal子类无法继承

解决过程：对照示例发现Animal没有变成斜体字，无法继承，就勾选了Properties工具栏中的IsAbstract选项，成功

实验体会

这次实验内容很多，学习了单元测试，还接触了一个全新的软件StarUML,并用软件进行建模，感觉实验时间虽然紧张，但是还是学习到了很多，当然也有很多没解决的问题

单元测试真的很方便，在写程序前就可以设计好程序再进行书写，避免有bug，还可以对书写好的类进行全面的测试，体会到了三种代码的区别与用处

建模将Java中类的抽象的封装继承关系具体到图形上，让人更直观的感受到了他们之间的关系