出现的原因是我升级了mysql的版本.
只要root用户执行以下语句即可.
# mysql_upgrade -u root -p --force
# systemctl restart mysqld 或 service mysql restart
附上my.cnf配置文件
[client]
port= 3306
socket= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld_safe]
pid-file= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice= 0
[mysqld]
user= mysql
pid-file= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port= 3306
basedir= /usr
datadir= /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir= /tmp
lc-messages-dir= /usr/share/mysql
character-set-server = utf8
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
bind-address= 127.0.0.1
log-error= /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
# The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/