java 网络字节序_Java整型数与网络字节序byte[]数组转换关系详解

本文实例讲述了Java整型数与网络字节序byte[]数组转换关系。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

工作项目需要在java和c/c++之间进行socket通信，socket通信是以字节流或者字节包进行的，socket发送方须将数据转换为字节流或者字节包，而接收方则将字节流和字节包再转换回相应的数据类型。如果发送方和接收方都是同种语言，则一般只涉及到字节序的调整。而对于java和c/c++的通信，则情况就要复杂一些，主要是因为java中没有unsigned类型，并且java和c在某些数据类型上的长度不一致。

针对这种情况，本文整理了java数据类型和网络字节流或字节包(相当于java的byte数组)之间转换方法。实际上网上这方面的资料不少，但往往不全，甚至有些有错误，于是就花了点时间对java整型数和网络字节序的byte[]之间转换的各种情况做了一些验证和整理。整理出来的函数如下：

public class ByteConvert {

// 以下 是整型数 和 网络字节序的 byte[] 数组之间的转换

public static byte[] longToBytes(long n) {

byte[] b = new byte[8];

b[7] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

b[6] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

b[5] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

b[4] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

b[3] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);

b[2] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);

b[1] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static void longToBytes( long n, byte[] array, int offset ){

array[7+offset] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

array[6+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

array[5+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

array[4+offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

array[3+offset] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);

array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);

array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);

array[0+offset] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);

}

public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array )

{

return ((((long) array[ 0] & 0xff) << 56)

| (((long) array[ 1] & 0xff) << 48)

| (((long) array[ 2] & 0xff) << 40)

| (((long) array[ 3] & 0xff) << 32)

| (((long) array[ 4] & 0xff) << 24)

| (((long) array[ 5] & 0xff) << 16)

| (((long) array[ 6] & 0xff) << 8)

| (((long) array[ 7] & 0xff) << 0));

}

public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array, int offset )

{

return ((((long) array[offset + 0] & 0xff) << 56)

| (((long) array[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 48)

| (((long) array[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 40)

| (((long) array[offset + 3] & 0xff) << 32)

| (((long) array[offset + 4] & 0xff) << 24)

| (((long) array[offset + 5] & 0xff) << 16)

| (((long) array[offset + 6] & 0xff) << 8)

| (((long) array[offset + 7] & 0xff) << 0));

}

public static byte[] intToBytes(int n) {

byte[] b = new byte[4];

b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static void intToBytes( int n, byte[] array, int offset ){

array[3+offset] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

array[offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

}

public static int bytesToInt(byte b[]) {

return b[3] & 0xff

| (b[2] & 0xff) << 8

| (b[1] & 0xff) << 16

| (b[0] & 0xff) << 24;

}

public static int bytesToInt(byte b[], int offset) {

return b[offset+3] & 0xff

| (b[offset+2] & 0xff) << 8

| (b[offset+1] & 0xff) << 16

| (b[offset] & 0xff) << 24;

}

public static byte[] uintToBytes( long n )

{

byte[] b = new byte[4];

b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static void uintToBytes( long n, byte[] array, int offset ){

array[3+offset] = (byte) (n );

array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

array[offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

}

public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array) {

return ((long) (array[3] & 0xff))

| ((long) (array[2] & 0xff)) << 8

| ((long) (array[1] & 0xff)) << 16

| ((long) (array[0] & 0xff)) << 24;

}

public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array, int offset) {

return ((long) (array[offset+3] & 0xff))

| ((long) (array[offset+2] & 0xff)) << 8

| ((long) (array[offset+1] & 0xff)) << 16

| ((long) (array[offset] & 0xff)) << 24;

}

public static byte[] shortToBytes(short n) {

byte[] b = new byte[2];

b[1] = (byte) ( n & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static void shortToBytes(short n, byte[] array, int offset ) {

array[offset+1] = (byte) ( n & 0xff);

array[offset] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);

}

public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b){

return (short)( b[1] & 0xff

|(b[0] & 0xff) << 8 );

}

public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b, int offset){

return (short)( b[offset+1] & 0xff

|(b[offset] & 0xff) << 8 );

}

public static byte[] ushortToBytes(int n) {

byte[] b = new byte[2];

b[1] = (byte) ( n & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static void ushortToBytes(int n, byte[] array, int offset ) {

array[offset+1] = (byte) ( n & 0xff);

array[offset] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);

}

public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[]) {

return b[1] & 0xff

| (b[0] & 0xff) << 8;

}

public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[], int offset) {

return b[offset+1] & 0xff

| (b[offset] & 0xff) << 8;

}

public static byte[] ubyteToBytes( int n ){

byte[] b = new byte[1];

b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static void ubyteToBytes( int n, byte[] array, int offset ){

array[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

}

public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array ){

return array[0] & 0xff;

}

public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array, int offset ){

return array[offset] & 0xff;

}

// char 类型、 float、double 类型和 byte[] 数组之间的转换关系还需继续研究实现。

}

测试程序如下：

public class ByteConvertTest {

public static String byte2Hex(byte[] buf)

{

StringBuffer strbuf = new StringBuffer();

strbuf.append("{");

for (byte b : buf)

{

if (b == 0)

{

strbuf.append("00");

}

else if (b == -1)

{

strbuf.append("FF");

}

else

{

String str = Integer.toHexString(b).toUpperCase();

// sb.append(a);

if (str.length() == 8)

{

str = str.substring(6, 8);

}

else if (str.length() < 2)

{

str = "0" + str;

}

strbuf.append(str);

}

strbuf.append(" ");

}

strbuf.append("}");

return strbuf.toString();

}

public static byte[] longToBytes(long n) {

byte[] b = new byte[8];

b[7] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

b[6] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

b[5] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

b[4] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

b[3] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);

b[2] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);

b[1] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array )

{

return ((((long) array[ 0] & 0xff) << 56)

| (((long) array[ 1] & 0xff) << 48)

| (((long) array[ 2] & 0xff) << 40)

| (((long) array[ 3] & 0xff) << 32)

| (((long) array[ 4] & 0xff) << 24)

| (((long) array[ 5] & 0xff) << 16)

| (((long) array[ 6] & 0xff) << 8)

| (((long) array[ 7] & 0xff) ));

}

public static int bytesToInt(byte b[]) {

return b[3] & 0xff

| (b[2] & 0xff) << 8

| (b[1] & 0xff) << 16

| (b[0] & 0xff) << 24;

}

public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array) {

return ((long) (array[3] & 0xff))

| ((long) (array[2] & 0xff)) << 8

| ((long) (array[1] & 0xff)) << 16

| ((long) (array[0] & 0xff)) << 24;

}

public static byte[] uintToBytes( long n )

{

byte[] b = new byte[4];

b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static byte[] shortToBytes(short n) {

byte[] b = new byte[2];

b[1] = (byte) ( n & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b){

return (short)( b[1] & 0xff

|(b[0] & 0xff) << 8 );

}

static void testShortConvert(){

System.out.println("=================== short convert =============");

System.out.println("byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2))"+byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)));

System.out.print("println 0x11f2:");

System.out.println((short)0x11f2);

System.out.println("byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2))"+byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)));

System.out.print("println 0xf1f2:");

System.out.println((short)0xf1f2);

System.out.print("println bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)):");

System.out.println((short)bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)));

System.out.print("println bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)):");

System.out.println((short)bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)));

}

public static byte[] ushortToBytes(int n) {

byte[] b = new byte[2];

b[1] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

b[0] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[]) {

return b[1] & 0xff

| (b[0] & 0xff) << 8;

}

static void testUshortConvert(){

System.out.println("=================== Ushort convert =============");

System.out.println("byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0x11f2))"+byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)));

System.out.print("println 0x11f2:");

System.out.println(0x11f2);

System.out.println("byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2))"+byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)));

System.out.print("println 0xf1f2:");

System.out.println(0xf1f2);

System.out.print("println bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)):");

System.out.println(bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)));

System.out.print("println bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)):");

System.out.println(bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)));

}

public static byte[] ubyteToBytes( int n ){

byte[] b = new byte[1];

b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);

return b;

}

public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array ){

return array[0] & 0xff;

}

static void testUbyteConvert(){

System.out.println("=================== Ubyte convert =============");

System.out.println("byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0x1112))"+byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)));

System.out.print("println 0x1112:");

System.out.println(0x1112);

System.out.println("byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0xf2))"+byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0xf2)));

System.out.print("println 0xf2:");

System.out.println(0xf2);

System.out.print("println bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)):");

System.out.println(bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)));

System.out.print("println bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0xf1f2)):");

System.out.println(bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0xf1f2)));

}

/**

* @param args

*/

public static void main(String[] args) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

byte[] array = new byte[4];

array[3] = (byte) 0xF4;

array[2] = 0x13;

array[1] = 0x12;

array[0] = 0x11;

System.out.println("=================== Integer bytes =============");

System.out.println("the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(array) );

System.out.print("println bytesToInt :");

System.out.println( bytesToInt(array));

System.out.printf("printf bytesToInt :%X\n", bytesToInt(array));

System.out.println("=================== long bytes =============");

byte[] longBytes = new byte[8];

longBytes[7] = (byte) 0xf7;

longBytes[6] = (byte) 0x16;

longBytes[5] = (byte) 0xf5;

longBytes[4] = (byte) 0x14;

longBytes[3] = (byte) 0xf3;

longBytes[2] = (byte) 0x12;

longBytes[1] = (byte) 0xf1;

longBytes[0] = (byte) 0x10;

System.out.println( "the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(longBytes) );

System.out.printf("printf bytesToLong:%X\n",bytesToLong(longBytes));

System.out.println("=================byte to long ================");

byte b = (byte)0xf1;

System.out.print("Println the byte:");

System.out.println(b);

System.out.printf("Printf the byte:%X\n",b);

long l = b;

System.out.print("Println byte to long:");

System.out.println(l);

System.out.printf("printf byte to long:%X\n",l);

System.out.println("================= uint Bytes ================");

byte[] uint = new byte[4];

uint[3] = (byte) 0xf3;

uint[2] = (byte) 0x12;

uint[1] = (byte) 0xf1;

uint[0] = (byte) 0xFF;

System.out.println( "the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(uint) );

System.out.printf("printf bytesToUint:%X\n",bytesToUint(uint));

System.out.print("Println bytesToUint:");

System.out.println(bytesToUint(uint));

System.out.println("byte2Hex(uintToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)):"+byte2Hex(uintToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));

System.out.println("===============Long Integer==============");

System.out.print("println 0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l:");

System.out.println(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l);

System.out.printf("Printf 0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l:%X\n",0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l);

System.out.println("println byte2Hex(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l))"+byte2Hex(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));

// 注意，下面的这行，并不能获得正确的uint。

System.out.printf("printf bytesToUint(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l):%X\n",bytesToUint(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));

System.out.println("===============bytesToLong(longToBytes())==============");

System.out.println(bytesToLong(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));

System.out.printf("%X\n",bytesToLong(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));

testShortConvert();

testUshortConvert();

testUbyteConvert();

}

}

希望本文所述对大家java程序设计有所帮助。