centos mysql 5.6.20_centos6.5安装mysql-5.6.20

一.   准备工作

1.yum安装各个依赖包

[root@WebServer ~]# yum –y install gcc gcc-devel gcc-c++ gcc-c++-devel  zlib*  ncurses-devel ncurses openssl openssl-devel bison bison-devel libaio

[root@WebServer ~]# yum –y install cmake

[root@WebServer user]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.20.tar.gz

2.新建mysql组和用户

[root@WebServer ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@WebServer ~]# useradd –g mysql –s /sbin/nologin mysql

3.目录准备

[root@WebServer ~]# mkdir –p /hywl/mysql/etc

[root@WebServer ~]# mkdir –p / hywl/mysql/data

[root@WebServer ~]# mkdir –p / hywl/mysql/tmp

[root@WebServer ~]# chown –R mysql.mysql /hywl/mysql

4.解压MySQL并进入安装目录

拷贝mysql-5.6.20.tar.gz到/home/mysql目录下

[root@WebServer ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.20.tar.gz

[root@WebServer ~]# cd mysql-5.6.20

二.   编译并安装

1 .下载gmock-1.6.0.zip到/home/mysql/mysql-5.6.20/source_downloads目录下并编译安装：

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cd source_downloads/

[root@WebServer source_downloads]# unzip gmock-1.6.0.zip

root@WebServer source_downloads]# cd gmock-1.6.0

[root@WebServer gmock-1.6.0]# ./configure

[root@WebServer gmock-1.6.0]# make

[root@WebServer gmock-1.6.0]# cd ..

2.编译MySQL

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake –DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/hywl/mysql

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DSYSCONFDIR=/hywl/mysql/etc

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/hywl/mysql/data

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/hywl/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DWITH_READLINE=1

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DWITH_SSL=system

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cmake-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1

*如果出现错误，删除mysql-5.6.20目录下的CmakeCache.txt重新使用cmake进行编译安装

3.安装

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# make && make install

#时间有点长。

三.MySQL配置

1.客户端库文件的链接(未执行此步骤的话，在PHP编译时会提示找不到MySQL文件)

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# ln –s /hywl/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.18

ps：我使用的是64位CentOS,如果使用的是32位请使用ln –s / hywl /mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

2.MySQL启动文件的配置

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

//修改以下这2行的路径即可

basedir=/hywl/mysql

datadir=/hywl/mysql/data

3.设置MySQL配置文件

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf / hywl /mysql/etc/my.cnf

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# rm –rf /etc/my.cnf

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# ln –s / hywl /mysql/etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf

4.初始化数据库

[root@WebServer mysql-5.6.20]# cd / hywl /mysql

[root@WebServer mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql –basedir=/hywl/mysql –datadir=/ hywl /mysql/data

5.链接MySQL命令(这一步可以让我们方便很多，可以不用写出命令的路径，也可以写入/etc/profile的PATH中)

可以修改环境变量：

[root@WebServer mysql]#vi /etc/profile

//增加一行：

export PATH=/hywl/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@WebServer mysql]# source /etc/profile

//这时再查看系统环境变量，就能看见刚才加的东西已经生效了

[root@WebServer mysql]# echo $PATH

也可以：

[[root@WebServer mysql]#cd /usr/sbin

[root@WebServer sbin]# ln –s / hywl /mysql/bin/*

6.启动MySQL并设置为开机启动

[root@WebServer sbin]# service mysqld start ;chkconfig mysqld on

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

7.设置MySQL root用户的密码

[root@WebServer ~]# mysqladmin –u root password mysql

//强烈不建议将数据库的密码设的简单

8.删除用户密码为空的用户

[root@WebServer ~]# mysql –u root –p

Enter password:

mysql> use mysql;

mysql> select Host,User,Password from user;

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host      | User | Password                                  |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| webserver | root |                                          |

| 127.0.0.1 | root |                                          |

| ::1      | root |                                          |

| localhost |      |                                          |

| webserver |      |                                          |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from user where password=””;

Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select Host,User,Password from user;

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host      | User | Password                                  |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;

9.如何知道你的数据目录在哪里。如果你运行多个服务器，你应该知道所有数据目录在哪里，但是如果你不知道确切的位置，由多种方法找到它：

9.1使用mysqladmin variables从你的服务器直接获得数据目录路径名。查找datadir变量的值，在Unix上，其输出类似于：

%mysqladmin -u username -p variables

+----------------------+----------------------+

| variable_name        | Value                |

+----------------------+----------------------+

| back_log             | 5                    |

| connect_timeout      | 5                    |

| basedir              | /var/local/          |

| datadir              | /usr/local/var/      |

....

9.2查找mysql运行的路径

%ps -ef | grep mysqld