组件skype服务器,Skype for Business Server 中的中介服务器组件

Skype for Business Server 中的中介服务器组件Mediation Server component in Skype for Business Server

2021/3/24

本文内容

了解 Skype for Business Server 中的中介服务器，包括其支持的拓扑及其与 M：N 中继、媒体旁路和呼叫允许控制的关系。Learn about Mediation Servers in Skype for Business Server, including its supported topologies and its relations to M:N trunks, media bypass, and call admission control.

若要部署企业语音，必须部署一个或多个中介服务器。To deploy Enterprise Voice, you must deploy one or more Mediation Servers.

中介服务器转换内部 企业语音 基础结构与公用电话交换网 (PSTN) 网关或会话初始协议 (SIP) 中继之间的信号。The Mediation Server translates signaling between your internal Enterprise Voice infrastructure and a public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway or a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) trunk. 在某些部署中，它还在这些点之间转换媒体本身。In some deployments, it also translates the media itself between these points.

在 Skype for Business Server 端，中介服务器侦听单个相互 TLS (MTLS) 地址。On the Skype for Business Server side, Mediation Server listens on a single mutual TLS (MTLS) transport address. 在网关端，中介服务器侦听与中继关联的所有关联的侦听端口。On the gateway side, Mediation Server listens on all associated listening ports associated with trunks. 所有合格网关必须支持 TLS，但也可以启用 TCP。All qualified gateways must support TLS, but can enable TCP as well. 不支持 TLS 的网关将支持 TCP。TCP is supported for gateways that do not support TLS.

如果环境中还有现有的公用交换机 (PBX) ，中介服务器将处理 企业语音 用户与 PBX 之间的呼叫。If you also have an existing Public Branch Exchange (PBX) in your environment, Mediation Server handles calls between Enterprise Voice users and the PBX. 如果您的 PBX 是 IP-PBX，您可以在 PBX 和中介服务器之间创建直接 SIP 连接。If your PBX is an IP-PBX, you can create a direct SIP connection between the PBX and Mediation Server. 如果您的 PBX 是 TDM 的时分多路 (PBX) ，则还必须在中介服务器和 PBX 之间部署 PSTN 网关。If your PBX is a Time Division Multiplex (TDM) PBX, you must also deploy a PSTN gateway between Mediation Server and the PBX.

默认情况下，中介服务器与前端服务器并排。The Mediation Server is collocated with the Front End Server by default. 中介服务器还可以部署在独立池中。The Mediation Server can also be deployed in a stand-alone pool.

中介服务器执行哪些操作What Mediation Server Does

中介服务器的主要功能如下：The main functions of the Mediation Server are as follows:

加密和解密 Skype for Business Server 端上的 SRTP。Encrypting and decrypting SRTP on the Skype for Business Server side.

将不支持 TLS (TCP 上的 SIP 转换) 通过相互 TLS 转换为 SIP。Translating SIP over TCP (for gateways that do not support TLS) to SIP over mutual TLS.

转换 Skype for Business Server 与中介服务器的对等网关之间的媒体流。Translating media streams between Skype for Business Server and the gateway peer of the Mediation Server.

将网络外部的客户端连接到内部 ICE 组件，使媒体可以遍历 NAT 和防火墙。Connecting clients that are outside the network to internal ICE components, which enable media traversal of NAT and firewalls.

充当网关不支持的呼叫流的中介，例如来自远程工作者的呼叫企业语音 clien.tActing as an intermediary for call flows that a gateway does not support, such as calls from remote workers on an Enterprise Voice clien.t

在包含 SIP 中继的部署中，与 SIP 中继服务提供商合作以提供 PSTN 支持，这样就无需 PSTN 网关。In deployments that include SIP trunking, working with the SIP trunking service provider to provide PSTN support, which eliminates the need for a PSTN gateway.

下图显示了中介服务器在与基本 PSTN 网关和基础结构通信时所使用的信号和媒体企业语音协议。The following figure shows the signaling and media protocols that are used by the Mediation Server when communicating with a basic PSTN gateway and the Enterprise Voice infrastructure.

中介服务器使用的信号和媒体协议Signaling and media protocols used by the Mediation Server

备注

如果在 PSTN 网关和中介服务器之间的网络上使用 TCP 或 RTP/RTCP (而不是 SRTP 或 SRTCP) ，我们建议您采取措施来帮助确保网络的安全性和隐私性。If you are using TCP or RTP/RTCP (instead of SRTP or SRTCP) on the network between the PSTN gateway and the Mediation Server, we recommend that you take measures to help ensure the security and privacy of the network.

M:N 中继M:N trunk

Skype for Business Server 支持灵活定义中继以便进行呼叫路由。Skype for Business Server supports flexibility in the definition of a trunk for call routing purposes. 中继是中介服务器和侦听端口号之间的逻辑关联，具有网关和侦听端口号。A trunk is a logical association between a Mediation Server and listening port number, with a gateway and a listening port number. 这意味着有几个方面：中介服务器可以有多个中继到同一网关;中介服务器可以有多个到不同网关的中继;相反，网关可以有多个到不同中介服务器的中继。This implies several things: A Mediation Server can have multiple trunks to the same gateway; a Mediation Server can have multiple trunks to different gateways; conversely a gateway can have multiple trunks to different Mediation Servers.

使用拓扑生成器将网关添加到 Skype for Business 拓扑时，仍必须创建根中继。You must still create a root trunk when you add a gateway to your Skype for Business topology using Topology Builder. 给定中介服务器可以处理的网关数取决于服务器在高峰忙碌时段的处理能力。The number of gateways that a given Mediation Server can handle depends on the processing capacity of the server during peak busy hours. 如果在满足 Skype for Business Server 最低硬件要求的硬件上部署中介服务器(如 Server requirements for Skype for Business Server 2015中所述，则独立的中介服务器可以处理大约 1000 个呼叫。If you deploy a Mediation Server on hardware that meets the minimum hardware requirements for Skype for Business Server, as described in Server requirements for Skype for Business Server 2015, then a stand-alone Mediation Server can handle approximately 1000 calls. 中介服务器执行代码转换，但仍为多个网关路由呼叫，即使这些网关不支持媒体旁路。The Mediation Server is performs transcoding, but still route calls for multiple gateways even if the gateways do not support media bypass.

定义呼叫路由时，指定与该路由关联的中继，但不指定与该路由关联的中介服务器。When defining a call route, you specify the trunks associated with that route, but you do not specify which Mediation Servers are associated with that route. 而是使用拓扑生成器将中继与中介服务器关联。Instead, you use Topology Builder to associate trunks with Mediation Servers. 换句话说，路由确定用于呼叫的中继，随后会向与该中继关联的中介服务器发送该呼叫的信号。In other words, routing determines which trunk to use for a call, and, subsequently, the Mediation Server associated with that trunk is sent the signaling for that call.

中介服务器可以部署为池;此池可以与前端池并排，也可以部署为独立池。The Mediation Server can be deployed as a pool; this pool can be collocated with a Front End pool, or it can be deployed as a stand-alone pool. 当中介服务器与前端池并并时，池大小可能最多为 12 (注册器池大小限制) 。When a Mediation Server is collocated with a Front End pool, the pool size can be at most 12 (the limit of the Registrar pool size). 综合起来，这些功能提高了中介服务器的可靠性和部署灵活性，但它们需要以下类似功能：Taken together, these capabilities increase the reliability and deployment flexibility for Mediation Servers, but they require similar capabilities in the following:

PSTN 网关。PSTN gateway. Skype for Business Server 合格网关必须实现 DNS 负载平衡，这使合格的公用电话交换网 (PSTN) 网关可以充当中介服务器池的负载平衡器，从而在池中对呼叫进行负载平衡。A Skype for Business Server qualified gateway must implement DNS load balancing, which enables a qualified public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway to act as a load balancer for one pool of Mediation Servers, and thereby to load-balance calls across the pool.

会话边界控制器。Session Border Controller. 对于 SIP 中继，对等实体是 Internet 电话服务提供商 (SBC) 会话边界控制器。For a SIP trunk, the peer entity is a Session Border Controller (SBC) at an Internet telephony service provider. 在从中介服务器池到 SBC 的方向中，SBC 可以从该池中的任何中介服务器接收连接。In the direction from the Mediation Server pool to the SBC, the SBC can receive connections from any Mediation Server in the pool. 在从 SBC 到池的方向中，可以将流量发送到池中的任何中介服务器。In the direction from the SBC to the pool, traffic can be sent to any Mediation Server in the pool. 实现此目的的一个方法是通过 DNS 负载平衡(如果服务提供商和 SBC 支持)。One method of achieving this is through DNS load balancing, if supported by the service provider and SBC. 另一种选择是向服务提供商提供池中所有中介服务器的 IP 地址，服务提供商会在每个中介服务器的 SBC 中将 IP 地址作为单独的 SIP 中继进行设置。An alternative is to give the service provider the IP addresses of all Mediation Servers in the pool, and the service provider will provision these in their SBC as a separate SIP trunk for each Mediation Server. 然后，服务提供商将处理其自己的服务器的负载平衡。The service provider will then handle the load balancing for its own servers. 并非所有服务提供商或 SDC 都支持这些功能。Not all service providers or SBCs may support these capabilities. 此外，服务提供商可能需要为此功能收取额外的费用。Furthermore, the service provider may charge extra for this capability. 通常，每个到 SBC 的 SIP 中继都产生每月费用。Typically, each SIP trunk to the SBC incurs a monthly fee.

IP-PBX。IP-PBX. 在从中介服务器池到 IP-PBX SIP 终止的方向中，IP-PBX 可以接收来自池中任何中介服务器的连接。In the direction from the Mediation Server pool to the IP-PBX SIP termination, the IP-PBX can receive connections from any Mediation Server in the pool. 在从 IP-PBX 到池的方向中，可以将流量发送到池中的任何中介服务器。In the direction from the IP-PBX to the pool, traffic can be sent to any Mediation Server in the pool. 由于大多数IP-PBXs都不支持 DNS 负载平衡，因此建议将单个直接 SIP 连接从 IP-PBX 定义到池中的每个中介服务器。Because most IP-PBXs do not support DNS load balancing, we recommend that individual direct SIP connections be defined from the IP-PBX to each Mediation Server in the pool. 然后，IP-PBX 会通过通过中继组分布流量来处理自己的负载平衡。The IP-PBX will then handle its own load balancing by distributing traffic over the trunk group. 假定中继组在 IP-PBX 上具有一组一致的路由规则。The assumption is that the trunk group has a consistent set of routing rules at the IP-PBX. 特定 IP-PBX 是否支持此中继组概念及其如何与 IP-PBX 自己的冗余和群集体系结构相交，需要先确定，然后才能决定中介服务器群集能否与 IP-PBX 正确交互。Whether a particular IP-PBX supports this trunk group concept and how it intersects with the IP-PBX's own redundancy and clustering architecture needs to be determined before you can decide whether a Mediation Server cluster can interact correctly with an IP-PBX.

中介服务器池必须具有与之交互的对等网关的统一视图。A Mediation Server pool must have a uniform view of the peer gateway with which it interacts. 这意味着，池的所有成员都从配置存储访问对等网关的相同定义，并同样有可能与对等网关进行交互进行传出呼叫。This means that all members of the pool access the same definition of the peer gateway from the configuration store and are equally likely to interact with it for outgoing calls. 因此，无法对池进行分段，以便某些中介服务器仅与某些网关对等方进行通信进行传出呼叫。Therefore, there is no way to segment the pool so that some Mediation Servers communicate with only certain gateway peers for outgoing calls. 如果需要这种分段，则必须使用单独的中介服务器池。If such segmentation is necessary, a separate pool of Mediation Servers must be used. 例如，如果 PSTN 网关、SIP 中继或 IP-PBXs 中不存在本主题前面详述的与池交互的关联功能，则就是这种情况。This would be the case, for example, if the associated capabilities in PSTN gateways, SIP trunks, or IP-PBXs to interact with a pool as detailed earlier in this topic are not present.

特定的 PSTN 网关、IP-PBX 或 SIP 中继对等方可以路由到多个中介服务器或中继。A particular PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, or SIP trunk peer can route to multiple Mediation Servers or trunks. 特定中介服务器池可以控制的网关数取决于使用媒体旁路的呼叫数。The number of gateways that a particular pool of Mediation Servers can control depends on the number of calls that use media bypass. 如果大量呼叫使用媒体旁路，则池中的中介服务器可以处理更多的呼叫，因为只需处理信号层。If a large number of calls use media bypass, a Mediation Server in the pool can handle many more calls, because only signaling layer processing is necessary.

呼叫允许控制和中介服务器Call Admission Control and Mediation Server

呼叫允许控制 (CAC) ，根据可用带宽管理实时会话建立，以帮助防止出现占用网络的用户的用户体验质量差 (QoE) 。Call admission control (CAC), manages real-time session establishment, based on available bandwidth, to help prevent poor Quality of Experience (QoE) for users on congested networks. 为了支持这一点，中介服务器负责对 Skype for Business Server 端和网关端上的两次交互进行带宽管理。To support this, the Mediation Server is responsible for bandwidth management for its two interactions on the Skype for Business Server side and on the gateway side. 在呼叫允许控制中，呼叫的端接实体处理带宽预留。In call admission control, the terminating entity for a call handles the bandwidth reservation. 中介服务器 (PSTN 网关、IP-PBX、SBC) 的对等网关不支持 Skype for Business Server 呼叫允许控制。The gateway peers (PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, SBC) that the Mediation Server interacts with on the gateway side do not support Skype for Business Server call admission control. 因此，中介服务器必须代表其对等网关处理带宽交互。Thus, the Mediation Server has to handle bandwidth interactions on behalf of its gateway peer. 如果可能，中介服务器将提前预留带宽。Whenever possible, the Mediation Server will reserve bandwidth in advance. 如果不可能(例如，如果网关端的最终媒体终结点位置对于发往对等网关的传出呼叫是未知的)，则会在发出呼叫时预留带宽。If that is not possible (for example, if the locality of the ultimate media endpoint on the gateway side is unknown for an outgoing call to the gateway peer), bandwidth is reserved when the call is placed. 此行为可能导致带宽订阅过度，但这是防止错误响铃的唯一方法。This behavior can result in oversubscription of bandwidth, but it is the only way to prevent false rings.

媒体旁路和带宽预留相互排斥。Media bypass and bandwidth reservation are mutually exclusive. 如果对呼叫使用媒体旁路，则不针对该呼叫执行呼叫允许控制。If media bypass is employed for a call, call admission control is not performed for that call. 此处假定前提是此次呼叫不涉及具有限定带宽的链接。The assumption here is that there are no links with constrained bandwidth involved in the call. 如果呼叫允许控制用于涉及中介服务器的特定呼叫，则该呼叫不能使用媒体旁路。If call admission control is used for a particular call that involves the Mediation Server, that call cannot employ media bypass.

增强型 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) 和中介服务器Enhanced 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) and Mediation Server

中介服务器扩展了某些功能，从而可以正确地与增强型 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) 服务提供商进行交互。The Mediation Server has extended capabilities so that it can correctly interact with Enhanced 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) service providers. 中介服务器上不需要任何特殊配置。No special configuration is needed on the Mediation Server. 默认情况下，E9-1-1 交互所需的 SIP 扩展包括在中介服务器的 SIP 协议中，用于与对等网关 (PSTN 网关、IP-PBX 或 Internet 电话服务提供商的 SBC(包括 E9-1-1 服务提供商))The SIP extensions required for E9-1-1 interaction are, by default, included in the Mediation Server's SIP protocol for its interactions with a gateway peer (PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, or the SBC of an Internet Telephony Service Provider, including E9-1-1 Service Providers)

到 E9-1-1 服务提供商的 SIP 中继是可以在现有中介服务器池上终止，还是需要独立的中介服务器将取决于 E9-1-1 SBC 能否与中介服务器池进行交互。Whether the SIP trunk to an E9-1-1 Service Provider can be terminated on an existing Mediation Server pool or will require stand-alone Mediation Servers will depend on whether the E9-1-1 SBC can interact with a pool of Mediation Servers.

媒体旁路和中介服务器Media bypass and Mediation Server

媒体旁路是 Skype for Business Server 的一项功能，它使管理员能够将呼叫路由配置为直接在用户终结点与公用电话交换网 (PSTN) 网关之间流动，而无需遍历中介服务器。Media bypass is a Skype for Business Server capability that enables an administrator to configure call routing to flow directly between the user endpoint and the public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway without traversing the Mediation Server. 媒体旁路功能通过减少延迟、不必要的转换、可能的数据包丢失和潜在的故障点数来改进呼叫质量。Media bypass improves call quality by reducing latency, unnecessary translation, possibility of packet loss, and the number of potential points of failure. 在没有中介服务器的远程站点通过具有限定带宽的一个或多个 WAN 链路连接到中央站点的情况下，媒体旁路功能通过使来自远程站点的客户端的媒体直接流动到其本地网关来降低带宽要求，而不必首先通过 WAN 链路流至中央站点上的中介服务器并流回。媒体处理的减少还补充了中介服务器控制多个网关的能力。Where a remote site without a Mediation Server is connected to a central site by one or more WAN links with constrained bandwidth, media bypass lowers the bandwidth requirement by enabling media from a client at a remote site to flow directly to its local gateway without first having to flow across the WAN link to a Mediation Server at the central site and back.This reduction in media processing also complements the Mediation Server's ability to control multiple gateways.

媒体旁路功能和呼叫允许控制 (CAC) 相互排斥。如果某次呼叫使用媒体旁路功能，则不会为此次呼叫执行 CAC。假定前提是此次呼叫不涉及具有限定带宽的链接。Media bypass and call admission control (CAC) are mutually exclusive. If media bypass is employed for a call, CAC is not performed for that call. The assumption is that there are no links with constrained bandwidth involved in the call.

中介服务器的拓扑Topologies for Mediation Server

默认情况下，Skype for Business Server、中介服务器与 Standard Edition Server、前端池或 Survivable Branch Appliance 并并。The Skype for Business Server, Mediation Server is by default collocated with Standard Edition server, a Front End pool, or Survivable Branch Appliance. 前端池中的所有中介服务器必须配置相同。All Mediation Servers in a Front End pool must be configured identically.

如果性能问题，最好在专用独立池中部署一台或多台中介服务器。Where performance is an issue, it may be preferable to deploy one or more Mediation Servers in a dedicated stand-alone pool. 如果要部署 SIP 中继，我们强烈建议使用独立的池。We definitely recommend a stand-alone pool if you are deploying SIP trunking.

如果将直接 SIP 连接部署到支持媒体旁路和 DNS 负载平衡的合格 PSTN 网关，则不需要独立的中介服务器池。If you deploy Direct SIP connections to a qualified PSTN gateway that supports media bypass and DNS load balancing, a stand-alone Mediation Server pool is not necessary. 这是因为合格的网关能够将 DNS 负载平衡到中介服务器池，并且它们可以接收来自池中任何中介服务器的流量。This is because qualified gateways are capable of DNS load balancing to a pool of Mediation Servers and they can receive traffic from any Mediation Server in a pool.

我们还建议您在部署 IP-PBXs 或连接到 Internet 电话服务提供商的会话边界控制器 (SBC) (只要满足以下任一条件)时，就将中介服务器并排在前端池上：We also recommend that you collocate the Mediation Server on a Front End pool when you have deployed IP-PBXs or connect to an Internet Telephony Server Provider's Session Border Controller (SBC), as long as any of the following conditions are met:

IP-PBX 或 SBC 已配置为接收来自池中的任何中介服务器的通信，并且可将通信统一路由到池中的所有中介服务器。The IP-PBX or SBC is configured to receive traffic from any Mediation Server in the pool and can route traffic uniformly to all Mediation Servers in the pool.

IP-PBX 不支持媒体旁路，但承载中介服务器的前端池可以处理不适用媒体旁路的呼叫的语音转码。The IP-PBX does not support media bypass, but the Front End pool that is hosting the Mediation Server can handle voice transcoding for calls to which media bypass does not apply.

可以使用 Microsoft Lync Server 2013 规划工具评估要并并中介服务器的前端池是否可以处理负载。You can use the Microsoft Lync Server 2013, Planning Tool to evaluate whether the Front End pool where you want to collocate the Mediation Server can handle the load. 如果您的环境不能满足这些要求，则必须部署独立的中介服务器池。If your environment cannot meet these requirements, then you must deploy a stand-alone Mediation Server pool.

下图显示了由通过 WAN 链路连接的两个站点组成的简单拓扑。The following figure shows a simple topology consisting of two sites connected by a WAN link. 中介服务器并位于站点 1 的前端池上。Mediation Server is collocated on a Front End pool at Site 1. 站点 1 的中介服务器控制站点 1 的 PSTN 网关和站点 2 的网关。The Mediation Servers at Site 1 controls both the PSTN gateway at Site 1 and the gateway at Site 2. 在此拓扑中，已在全局范围内启用媒体旁路以使用站点和区域信息，并且到每个 PSTN 网关(GW1 和 GW2)的中继都已启用旁路。In this topology, media bypass is enabled globally to use site and region information, and the trunks to each PSTN gateway (GW1 and GW2) have bypass enabled.

通过 WAN 链路与站点 1 的中介服务器和站点 2 的 PSTN 网关相连接的站点示例Example of sites connected by a WAN link with a Mediation Server at Site 1 and a PSTN gateway at Site 2

下图显示了一个简单的拓扑，其中中介服务器并位于站点 1 的前端池上，并且具有与站点 1 的 IP-PBX 的直接 SIP 连接。The next figure shows a simple topology where Mediation Server is collocated on Front End pool at Site 1 and has a Direct SIP connection to the IP-PBX at Site 1. 在此图中，中介服务器还控制站点 2 的 PSTN 网关。In this figure, the Mediation Server also controls a PSTN gateway at Site 2. 假设 Skype for Business 用户同时存在于站点 1 和站点 2 中。Assume that Skype for Business users exist at both Sites 1 and 2. 还假定 IP-PBX 具有一个关联的媒体处理器，在发送到由 IP-PBX 控制的媒体终结点之前，来自 Skype for Business 终结点的所有媒体必须遍历该处理器。Also assume that the IP-PBX has an associated media processor that must be traversed by all media originating from Skype for Business endpoints before being sent to media endpoints controlled by the IP-PBX. 在此拓扑中，已在全局范围内启用媒体旁路以使用站点和区域信息，并且到 PBX 和 PSTN 网关的中继已启用媒体旁路。In this topology, media bypass is enabled globally to use site and region information, and the trunks to the PBX and PSTN gateway have media bypass enabled.

通过 WAN 链路与站点 1 的中介服务器和站点 2 的 PBX 相连接的站点的示例Example of sites connected by a WAN link with a Mediation Server at Site 1 and a PBX at Site 2

本主题中的最后一个图显示了中介服务器连接到 Internet 电话服务提供商的 SBC 的拓扑。The last figure in this topic shows a topology where the Mediation Server is connected to the SBC of an Internet Telephony Service Provider.

规划中介服务器的决策Planning decisions for Mediation Server

本主题介绍为中介服务器部署需要做出的计划决策，This topic describes planning decisions you need to make for your Mediation Server deployment,

并站中介服务器还是独立中介服务器？Collocated or Stand-alone Mediation Server?

默认情况下，在中央站点上的 Standard Edition Server 或前端池中的前端服务器上并置中介服务器。Mediation Server is by default collocated on the Standard Edition server or Front End Server in a Front End pool at central sites. 可处理的公用电话交换网 (PSTN) 呼叫数，池中所需的计算机数取决于以下各项：The number of public switched telephone network (PSTN) calls that can be handled and the number of machines required in the pool will depend on the following:

中介服务器池控制对等网关的数量The number of gateway peers that the Mediation Server pool controls

通过这些网关的高流量时段The high-volume traffic periods through those gateways

媒体绕过中介服务器的呼叫所占的百分比The percentage of calls that are calls whose media bypass the Mediation Server

规划时，请务必考虑未针对媒体旁路配置的 PSTN 呼叫和 A/V 会议的媒体处理要求，以及处理需要支持的忙时呼叫数的信号交互所需的处理。When planning, be sure to take into account the media processing requirements for PSTN calls and A/V conferences that are not configured for media bypass, as well as the processing needed to handle signaling interactions for the number of busy-hour calls that need to be supported. 如果没有足够的 CPU，则必须部署独立的中介服务器池;PSTN 网关、IP-PBX 和 SDC 需要拆分为子集，这些子集由一个池中的并站中介服务器和一个或多个独立池中独立的中介服务器控制。If there is not enough CPU, then you must deploy a stand-alone pool of Mediation Servers; and PSTN gateways, IP-PBXs, and SBCs will need to be split into subsets that are controlled by the collocated Mediation Servers in one pool and the stand-alone Mediation Servers in one or more stand-alone pools.

如果部署的 PSTN 网关、IP-PBX 或会话边界控制器 (SDC) 不支持与中介服务器池交互的正确功能，包括以下这些，则需要将其与由单个中介服务器组成的独立池关联：If you deployed PSTN gateways, IP-PBXs, or Session Border Controllers (SBCs) that do not support the correct capabilities to interact with a pool of Mediation Servers, including the following, then they will need to be associated with a stand-alone pool consisting of a single Mediation Server:

在池 (中的中介服务器之间执行域名系统 (DNS) 负载平衡，或者将流量统一路由到池中所有中介服务器)Perform network layer Domain Name System (DNS) load balancing across Mediation Servers in a pool (or otherwise route traffic uniformly to all Mediation Servers in a pool)

接受来自池中任意中介服务器的流量Accept traffic from any Mediation Server in a pool

可以使用 Microsoft Lync Server 2013 规划工具评估将中介服务器与前端池并排是否可以处理负载。You can use the Microsoft Lync Server 2013, Planning Tool to evaluate whether collocating the Mediation Server with your Front End pool can handle the load. 如果您的环境不能满足这些要求，则必须部署独立的中介服务器池。If your environment cannot meet these requirements, then you must deploy a stand-alone Mediation Server pool.

中央站点和分支站点注意事项Central Site and Branch Site Considerations

中央站点的中介服务器可用于为分支站点的 IP-PBX 或 PSTN 网关路由呼叫。Mediation Servers at the central site can be used to route calls for IP-PBXs or PSTN gateways at branch sites. 但是，如果部署 SIP 中继，则必须在每个中继终止的站点上部署一台中介服务器。If you deploy SIP trunks, however, you must deploy a Mediation Server at the site where each trunk terminates. 使用中央站点的中介服务器为分支站点的 IP-PBX 或 PSTN 网关路由呼叫时，不需要使用媒体绕过。Having a Mediation Server at the central site route calls for an IP-PBX or PSTN gateway at a branch site does not require the use of media bypass. 但是，如果可以启用媒体旁路，这样做将减少媒体路径延迟并提高媒体质量，因为媒体路径不再需要遵循信号路径。However, if you can enable media bypass, doing so will reduce media path latency and improve the media quality because the media path is no longer required to follow the signaling path. 媒体旁路还可以降低池上的处理负载。Media bypass also decreases the processing load on the pool.

备注

媒体绕过将不会与每个 PSTN 网关、IP-PBX 和 SBC 进行交互操作。Media bypass will not interoperate with every PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, and SBC. Microsoft 已经与认证合作伙伴一起测试了一组 PSTN 网关和 SDC，并且已经使用 Cisco IP-PBX 进行了一些测试。Microsoft has tested a set of PSTN gateways and SBCs with certified partners and has done some testing with Cisco IP-PBXs. 只有统一通信开放式互操作性计划 - Lync Server 中列出的产品和版本才支持 媒体旁路。Media bypass is supported only with products and versions listed at Unified Communications Open Interoperability Program - Lync Server.

如果要求具有分支站点恢复能力，则必须在分支站点部署 Survivable Branch Appliance 或部署前端服务器、中介服务器和网关的组合。If branch site resiliency is required, a Survivable Branch Appliance or combination of a Front End Server, a Mediation Server, and a gateway must be deployed at the branch site. (分支站点恢复能力的假设是，状态和会议在站点中无法恢复。) 有关分支站点语音规划的指导，请参阅 Plan for 企业语音 resiliency in Skype for Business Server。(The assumption with branch site resiliency is that presence and conferencing are not resilient at the site.) For guidance on branch site planning for voice, see Plan for Enterprise Voice resiliency in Skype for Business Server.

对于与 IP-PBX 的交互，如果 IP-PBX 无法正确支持与多个早期对话的早期媒体交互和 RFC 3960 交互，则对于从 IP-PBX 到 Skype for Business 终结点的传入呼叫，可能会截断问候语的前几个单词。For interactions with an IP-PBX, if the IP-PBX does not correctly support early media interactions with multiple early dialogs and RFC 3960 interactions, there can be clipping of the first few words of the greeting for incoming calls from the IP-PBX to Skype for Business endpoints. 如果中央站点上的中介服务器为 IP-PBX 路由呼叫，其中路由终止于分支站点，则此问题可能更严重，因为完成信号需要更多时间。This issue can be more severe if a Mediation Server at a central site is routing calls for an IP-PBX where the route terminates at a branch site, because more time is needed for signaling to complete. 如果遇到此行为，在分支站点部署中介服务器是减少截断前几个单词的唯一方法。If you experience this behavior, deploying a Mediation Server at the branch site is the only way to reduce clipping of the first few words.

最后，如果中央站点具有 TDM PBX，或者 IP-PBX 仍然需要 PSTN 网关，则必须在连接中介服务器和 PBX 的呼叫路由上部署网关。Finally, if your central site has a TDM PBX, or if your IP-PBX does not eliminate the need for a PSTN gateway, then you must deploy a gateway on the call route connecting Mediation Server and the PBX.

备注

若要提高独立中介服务器的媒体性能，您应在这些服务器上网络适配器 (RSS) 启用接收端缩放。To improve the media performance of standalone Mediation Server, you should enable receive-side scaling (RSS) on the network adapters on these servers. 通过启用 RSS，服务器上的多个处理器能够以并行方式处理传入数据包。RSS enables incoming packets to be handled in parallel by multiple processors on the server. 若要详细了解如何启用 RSS，请参阅网络适配器文档。For details about how to enable RSS, see your network adapter documentation.