以下是SQL面试必备的经典的50道题目,每道题都有博主本人的解题思路和对应的SQL语句。
每道题的思路与答案均为博主本人主观理解,仅供参考。
环境:MySQL8.0
可视化工具:Navicat
1、查询课程编号为01的课程比02的课程高的所有学生的学号和成绩
解题思路:
(1) 先把课程为01的学号和成绩找出来 as 表a
(2) 再把课程为02的学号和成绩找出来 as 表b
(3) 用inner join将表a和表b按照s_id连接起来
(4) 最后用where筛选表a成绩大于表b成绩的学生编号
select a.s_id
from
(select s_id,s_score from score where c_id='01') as a
inner join
(select s_id,s_score from score where c_id='02') as b on a.s_id=b.s_id
where a.s_score>b.s_score;
2、查询平均成绩大于60分的学生的学号和平均成绩
解题思路:
(1) 先用group by对s_id进行分组
(2) 再用having过滤平均分大于60
tips:group by里的东西必须是select里的东西,除非是统计函数(avg,max等)
select s_id,avg(s_score)
from score
group by s_id
having avg(s_score)>60;
3、查询所有学生的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩
解题思路:
(1) 姓名在student表,成绩在score表,因此需要连接两表;student表左连接score表,这样才能保证保留所有学生的信息
(2) 按s_id和s_score进行分组
(3) 选课数使用count(),总成绩使用sum(if(...))
select
a.s_id,
a.s_name,
count(b.c_id),
sum(if(b.s_score is null,0,b.s_score))
from student as a
left join score as b on a.s_id=b.s_id
group by a.s_id,a.s_name;
4、查询姓“猴”的老师的人数
解题思路:
(1) 使用like和%进行模糊查询
(2) 人数使用count()函数
select count(t_id)
from teacher
where t_name like '猴%';
5、查询没学过“张三”老师课的学生的学号、姓名
解题思路:
(1) 先找出学过"张三"老师可的学生,这些学生以外的学生就是没学过"张三"老师课的
(2) 在teacher表中获取"张三"的t_id,在course表中获取所有老师t_id和课程c_id,在score表中获取学生S_id和课程c_id
(3) teacher表与course表按t_id内连接,course表与score表按s_id内连接,然后选出学生s_id
(4) 最后从student表中中过滤不在上面的学生s_id
select s_id,s_name
from student
where s_id not in(
select c.s_id
from
(select t_id from teacher where t_name='张三') as a
inner join
(select t_id, c_id from course) as b on a.t_id=b.t_id
inner join
(select s_id, c_id from score) as c on b.c_id=c.c_id
);
6、查询学过“张三”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号和姓名
解题思路:
(1) 首先查找"张三"教的所有课程c_id:将teahcer表和course表按t_id内连接
(2) 接着查找学过以上课程的学生:将student表和score表按s_id内连接
(3) 最后对s_id进行group by,过滤所选课程数量等于"张三"所教课程数量
select a.s_id,a.s_name
from student as a
join score as b on a.s_id=b.s_id
where b.c_id in ( -- (2)接着查找学过以上课程的学生:将student表和score表按s_id内连接
-- (1)首先查找"张三"教的所有课程c_id:将teahcer表和course表按t_id内连接
select b.c_id
from teacher as a
join course as b on a.t_id=b.t_id
where a.t_name='张三'
)
-- (3)最后对s_id进行group by,过滤所选课程数量等于"张三"所教课程数量
group by a.s_id
having count(b.c_id)=(
select count(b.c_id)
from teacher as a
join course as b on a.t_id=b.t_id
where a.t_name='张三'
);
7、查询学过编号为“01”的课程并且也学过编号为“02”的课程的学生的学号和姓名
解题思路:
(1) 查出学过编号01课程学生s_id作为表a
(2) 查找学过编号02课程学生s_id作为表b
(3) 将表a和表b内连接,选出学生编号s_id
(4) 最后从stude