python 随机数组_用random函数(Numpy)构建随机数组

importnumpyasnp

np.random.***

1. 浮点数(数组)

1.1 rand(d0, d1, ..., dn)

生成一个(d0, d1, ..., dn)维的数组，数组的元素取自[0, 1)上的均分布(UniformDistribution)，

若没有参数输入，则生成一个数(下面的是用了 from numpy import *)

>>> random.rand()

0.4378166124207712

>>>random.rand(1)

array([0.69845956])

>>>random.rand(3,2)

array([[0.15725424,0.45786148],

[0.63133098,0.81789056],

[0.40032941,0.19108526]])

>>>random.rand(3,2,1)

array([[[0.00404447],

[0.3837963 ]],

[[0.32518355],

[0.82482599]],

[[0.79603205],

[0.19087375]]])

(这里是 import numpy as np)np.random.rand(4,2)array([[ 0.02173903, 0.44376568],

[ 0.25309942, 0.85259262],

[ 0.56465709, 0.95135013],

[ 0.14145746, 0.55389458]])np.random.rand(4,3,2) # shape: 4*3*2, 按照从外到内的顺序确定(定位)array([[[ 0.08256277, 0.11408276],

[ 0.11182496, 0.51452019],

[ 0.09731856, 0.18279204]], [[ 0.74637005, 0.76065562],

[ 0.32060311, 0.69410458],

[ 0.28890543, 0.68532579]], [[ 0.72110169, 0.52517524],

[ 0.32876607, 0.66632414],

[ 0.45762399, 0.49176764]], [[ 0.73886671, 0.81877121],

[ 0.03984658, 0.99454548],

[ 0.18205926, 0.99637823]]])

1.2 random(size=None)

产生[0.0, 1.0)之间的浮点数。括号内参数可改为确定生成数组大小的一个元组。

1.3以下三者用法同上(1.2)：

random_sample()  (抽取不重复)

ranf()

sample()print('-----------rand