mysql登陆方式_盘点Mysql的登陆方式

前置知识

我们想登陆到MysqL中前提是肯定需要一个用户名和密码：比如 root root

在MysqL中用户的信息会存放在 MysqL数据库下的 user表中

可以 select * from user\G;查看到系统上的所用的用户信息；

其中有一列叫做HOST，HOST的不同值决定了用户拥有不同的登陆方式：比如：

标识符

含义

%

任意ip均等登陆

localhost

只允许本地登陆

127.0.0.1

只允许本地登陆

sv1

主机名为sv1的机器可登录，主机名可以在 /etc/hostname中查看

::1

本机可登录

所以在登陆前，请确定你的使用的登陆用户的HOST列中有相应的配置

骚气的登陆

在mac上登陆华为云的服务器

MacBook-Pro% ssh 'root'@'139.9.92.123'

root@139.9.92.123's password:

Last Failed login: Fri May 29 11:03:42 CST 2020 from 202.85.208.14 on ssh:notty

There was 1 Failed login attempt since the last successful login.

Last login: Thu May 28 16:36:32 2020 from 202.85.208.7

Welcome to Huawei Cloud Service

-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (UTF-8): No such file or directory

[root@139 ~]#

在mac上远程登陆服务器上的MysqL

MacBook-Pro% ./MysqL -h139.9.92.123 -uroot -reqw123.. -P3306

MysqL: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MysqL connection id is 2174

Server version: 5.7.29 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,2020,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

mac登陆本地的MysqL

如果你有配置环境变量，在任何目录下系统都识别MysqL命令

你可以直接像下面这样登陆：

MacBook-Pro% MysqL -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MysqL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.7.30 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL>

如果你没有配置环境变量，系统就不能直接识别MysqL命令，需要你进入到MysqL安装目录下的bin文件下，找到MysqL命令，然后执行登陆的动作

MacBook-Pro% /usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqL -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MysqL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.30 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL>

也可以用远程登陆的方式登陆本地MysqL

MacBook-Pro% MysqL -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot -P3306

MysqL: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MysqL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.30 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| assignment |

| cal |

本地登陆

我们可以借助MysqL.sock实现本地登陆。

那这个MysqL.sock是什么？

很直观的我们得知道这个MysqL.sock的作用，通过它我们可以实现MysqL的本地登陆。

MysqL.sock应该是MysqL的主机和客户机在同一host(物理服务器)上的时候，使用unix domain socket做为通讯协议的载体，它比tcp快。

通过命令可以查看到MysqL.sock的位置。

MacBook-Pro% netstat -ln | grep MysqL

64e3f4c55eb824d7 stream 0 0 64e3f4c5614859a7 0 0 0 /tmp/MysqL.sock

记下这个 MysqL.sock的地址。接下来我们会创建一个配置文件，你找个看着比较顺眼的目录放置这个配置文件。

我实在这样创建的：

MacBook-Pro% sudo mkdir etc

MacBook-Pro% ls -l

total 552

-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 275235 Mar 24 01:35 LICENSE

-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 587 Mar 24 01:35 README

drwxr-xr-x 40 root wheel 1280 Mar 24 02:45 bin

drwxr-x--- 27 _MysqL _MysqL 864 May 28 20:44 data

drwxr-xr-x 5 root wheel 160 Mar 24 02:44 docs

drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 64 May 29 11:39 etc

drwxr-xr-x 53 root wheel 1696 Mar 24 02:44 include

drwxr-x--- 3 _MysqL _MysqL 96 May 28 20:44 keyring

drwxr-xr-x 11 root wheel 352 May 13 09:16 lib

drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 128 Mar 24 02:44 man

drwxr-xr-x 39 root wheel 1248 Mar 24 02:44 share

drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 192 May 28 19:20 support-files

MacBook-Pro% cd etc

MacBook-Pro% sudo touch user.root.cnf

MacBook-Pro% sudo vim user.root.cnf

然后在 user.root.cnf 中添加如下的配置：

[client]

user=root

password=root

socket=/tmp/MysqL.sock

好了，现在可以这样实现本地登陆

MacBook-Pro% ../bin/MysqL --defaults-extra-file=./user.root.cnf

Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MysqL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.7.30 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL>

花里胡哨的本地登陆

有时候，你可能会看到其他大佬登陆MysqL时使用： MysqL.local 骚气十足的本地登陆MysqL

他是怎么做到的呢？可以借助alias+MysqL.sock实现：

为我们的登陆MysqL的命令添加别名，像下面这样：

MacBook-Pro% alias MysqL.local='/usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqL --defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/MysqL/etc/user.root.cnf'

MacBook-Pro% MysqL.local

Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MysqL connection id is 7

Server version: 5.7.30 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL>

从此，你也可以骚气登陆MysqL

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