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a: PID  --  Process Id

The task's unique process ID, which periodically wraps, though never restarting at zero.

b: PPID  --  Parent Process Pid

The process ID of a task's parent.

c: RUSER  --  Real User Name

The real user name of the task's owner.

d: UID  --  User Id

The effective user ID of the task's owner.

e: USER  --  User Name

The effective user name of the task's owner.

f: GROUP  --  Group Name

The effective group name of the task's owner.

g: TTY  --  Controlling Tty

The name of the controlling terminal.  This is usually the device (serial port, pty, etc.) from which the process was started, and which it uses for input or output.  However, a

task need not be associated with a terminal, in which case you'll see '?' displayed.

h: PR  --  Priority

The priority of the task.

i: NI  --  Nice value

The nice value of the task.  A negative nice value means higher priority, whereas a positive nice value means lower priority.  Zero in this field simply means priority will  not

be adjusted in determining a task's dispatchability.

j: P  --  Last used CPU (SMP)

A  number  representing the last used processor.  In a true SMP environment this will likely change frequently since the kernel intentionally uses weak affinity.  Also, the very

act of running top may break this weak affinity and cause more processes to change CPUs more often (because of the extra demand for cpu time).

k: %CPU  --  CPU usage

The task's share of the elapsed CPU time since the last screen update, expressed as a percentage of total CPU time.  In a true SMP environment, if 'Irix mode' is Off,  top  will

operate in 'Solaris mode' where a task's cpu usage will be divided by the total number of CPUs.  You toggle 'Irix/Solaris' modes with the 'I' interactive command.

l: TIME  --  CPU Time

Total  CPU  time  the task has used since it started.  When 'Cumulative mode' is On, each process is listed with the cpu time that it and its dead children has used.  You toggle

'Cumulative mode' with 'S', which is a command-line option and an interactive command.  See the 'S' interactive command for additional information regarding this mode.

m: TIME+  --  CPU Time, hundredths

The same as 'TIME', but reflecting more granularity through hundredths of a second.

n: %MEM  --  Memory usage (RES)

A task's currently used share of available physical memory.

o: VIRT  --  Virtual Image (kb)

The total amount of virtual memory used by the task.  It includes all code, data and shared libraries plus pages that have been swapped out.

VIRT = SWAP + RES.

p: SWAP  --  Swapped size (kb)

The swapped out portion of a task's total virtual memory image.

q: RES  --  Resident size (kb)

The non-swapped physical memory a task has used.

RES = CODE + DATA.

r: CODE  --  Code size (kb)

The amount of physical memory devoted to executable code, also known as the 'text resident set' size or TRS.

s: DATA  --  Data+Stack size (kb)

The amount of physical memory devoted to other than executable code, also known as the 'data resident set' size or DRS.

t: SHR  --  Shared Mem size (kb)

The amount of shared memory used by a task.  It simply reflects memory that could be potentially shared with other processes.

u: nFLT  --  Page Fault count

The number of major page faults that have occurred for a task.  A page fault occurs when a process attempts to read from or write to a virtual page that is not currently present

in its address space.  A major page fault is when backing storage access (such as a disk) is involved in making that page available.

v: nDRT  --  Dirty Pages count

The  number  of pages that have been modified since they were last written to disk.  Dirty pages must be written to disk before the corresponding physical memory location can be

used for some other virtual page.

w: S  --  Process Status

The status of the task which can be one of:

'D' = uninterruptible sleep

'R' = running

'S' = sleeping

'T' = traced or stopped

'Z' = zombie