HTML+CSS的两栏、三栏布局以及垂直居中的实现方式。因为个人所学有限所以可能不会罗列出所有的实现方法。
1.两栏布局(左固定,右适应)
先写出初始样式和结构。
div {
height: 200px;
color: #fff;
}
复制代码float+margin实现方式.left {
float: left;
width: 300px;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
width: 100%;
margin-left: 300px;
background-color: #438;
}
复制代码position实现方式.left {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
width: 300px;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
width: 100%;
margin-left: 300px;
background-color: #438;
}
复制代码flex.container {
display: flex;
}
.left {
flex: 0 0 300px;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
flex: 1 1;
background-color: #438;
}
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右固定,左适应同理。
2.三栏布局float + margin方式
div {
height: 200px;
color: #fff;
}
.main {
width: 100%;
margin-left: 300px;
margin-right: 100px;
background-color: #554;
}
.left {
float: left;
width: 300px;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
float: right;
width: 100px;
background-color: #438;
}
复制代码position实现方式.main {
width: 100%;
margin-left: 300px;
margin-right: 100px;
background-color: #554;
}
.left {
position: absolute;
left: 0px;
width: 300px;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
position: absolute;
right: 0px;
width: 100px;
background-color: #438;
}
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以上这些实现方式,虽然实现了但还不够好。因为main是主要的显示区域,所以我们应该先加载它再加载其它的地方。grid实现方式.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 300px auto 100px;//列的宽度
}
.main {
grid-row: 1;//第几行
background-color: #554;
}
.left {
grid-row: 1;//第几行
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
grid-row: 1; //第几行
background-color: #438;
}
复制代码圣杯布局.container {
padding: 0 100px 0 300px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.main {
float: left;
width: 100%;
background-color: #554;
}
.left {
position: relative;
float: left;
width: 300px;
left: -300px;
margin-left: -100%;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
position: relative;
float: left;
right: -100px;
margin-left: -100px;
width: 100px;
background-color: #438;
}
复制代码双飞翼布局
div {
height: 200px;
color: #fff;
}
.wrap {
float: left;
width: 100%;
}
.main {
margin: 0 100px 0 300px;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #554;
}
.left {
float: left;
width: 300px;
margin-left: -100%;
background-color: #5616;
}
.right {
float: left;
width: 100px;
margin-left: -100px;
background-color: #438;
}
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两种布局方式的不同之处在于如何处理中间主列的位置:圣杯布局是利用父容器的左、右内边距+两个从列相对定位;
双飞翼布局是把主列嵌套在一个新的父级块中利用主列的左、右外边距进行布局调整
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3.垂直居中position + margin实现(1)
.container {
position: relative;
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background-color: #5465;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
margin-left: -100px;
margin-top: -100px;
background-color: #6465;
}
复制代码position + margin实现(2).container {
position: relative;
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background-color: #5465;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
margin: auto;
background-color: #6465;
}
复制代码position + transform实现.container {
position: relative;
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background-color: #5465;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
background-color: #6465;
}
复制代码flex实现.container {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background-color: #5465;
}
.content {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background-color: #6465;
}
复制代码inline-block实现.container {
display: inline-block;
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
text-align: center;
background-color: #5465;
}
.content {
display: inline-block;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
vertical-align: middle;
background-color: #6465;
}
.container::after{
content: '';
display: inline-block;
width: 0;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
}
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效果都如下